Analysis For UMTS Call Drop OMCH Intermittent

SR11761662 & 11760206 Analysis for
UMTS Call Drop & OMCH Intermittent

Issue in Mobile Telecom in Namibia
Issue 01
Date 2019-04-15
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
Issue 01 (2019-04-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential i

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Issue 01 (2019-04-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential ii

SR11761662 & 11760206 Analysis for UMTS Call Drop & OMCH Intermittent
Issue in Mobile Telecom in Namibia Contents
About This Document
Trouble Ticket Information

Trouble Ticket Number 11761662 & 11760206
Prepared by Wang Zhizhong 00468588
Approved by Dai Gang 00191047
Approval Date 2019-04-15
Revision History
Issue Date Author Change Description
01 2019-04-15 Wang Zhizhong This is the first issue
00468588
Issue 01 (2019-04-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential iii

Issue in Mobile Telecom in Namibia Contents
Contents
About This Document ................................................................................................................... iii

1 Basic Information .......................................................................................................................1-1
2 Problem Description..................................................................................................................2-1
3 Problem Analysis .......................................................................................................................3-1
3.1 UMTS Call Drop Analysis ............................................................................................................................ 3-1
3.2 BTS transmission Analysis............................................................................................................................ 3-6
3.3 OMCH Analysis .............................................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.3.1 Scenario 1 - Disconnect from U2000 ..................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.3.2 Scenario 2 - Both of U2000 and BTS receive RST message ................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.4 OMCH and UMTS Service Common Analysis ............................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.5 Packet Loss Analysis ..................................................................................................................................... 3-8
4 Summary ....................................................................................................................................4-16
5 Suggestions .................................................................................................................................5-1
6 FAQ ...............................................................................................................................................6-1
6.1 Evaluation of Requested Bandwidth. ............................................................................................................ 6-1
6.2 Why was there no PING loss when the issue occurred? ............................................................................... 6-1
6.3 Why are the OMCH of other GBTS sites normal? ........................................................................................ 6-2
Issue 01 (2019-04-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential iv

SR11761662 & 11760206 Analysis for UMTS Call Drop & OMCH
Intermittent Issue in Mobile Telecom in Namibia 1 Basic Information
1 Basic Information
Product Name Version

BTS3900 V100R013C10SPC180
Issue 01 (2019-04-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 1-1

SR11761662 & 11760206 Analysis for UMTS Call Drop & OMCH
Intermittent Issue in Mobile Telecom in Namibia 2 Problem Description
2 Problem Description
The site KOES_GU is a GU co-MPT satellite site, its UMTS cells suffer from call drop issue
and its OMCH has been intermitting frequently. Customer requests to analyze the reason and
provide a solution.

Issue in Mobile Telecom in Namibia 3 Problem Analysis
3 Problem Analysis
3.1 UMTS Call Drop Analysis

The following graph shows the Huawei Qos requirement on transmission resource when IUB
uses IP over Ethernet. The maximum packet loss rate is 0.1%. For more details, please refer to
RAN feature documentation ‘Transmission Resource Management’.
Figure 1 Transmission Qos Requirement for Satellite Link
According to the RNC performance, the PING loss rate of different IP paths exceeded 5%
after activating UMTS cells on 15th April.
Figure 2 RNC PING Loss Rate of IP Paths
The cells got unavailable at the same time.

Figure 3 Cell Unavailability
The reason of cell unavailability was UMTS Cell Common Channel Setup Failed, it was
related to IUB transmission discards which triggered Path Fault alarm too.
Figure 4 UMTS Cell Common Channel Setup Failed Alarm

Figure 5 Path Fault Alarm
The call drop rate degraded when the transmission discards increased.
Figure 6 CS Call Drop Rate
From PCHR log, the TOP 3 drop reasons were as below, the most of the reasons were cell
unavailability (CCH delete).
Figure 7 TOP 3 Call Drop Reasons
The CCH deletion meant the cells got unavailable frequently.

Figure 8 TOP 1 Call Drop Reasons
From trace, the top 2nd typical failure process IUB_TRANSMISSION_FAILURE was as
below, it was because of the path fault in figure 9.
Figure 9 Call Drop Signaling Procedure

Figure 10 Path Fault Failure during Call Drop
From trace, the top 3rd typical failure process

CELLUPDATE_PROCEDURE_WAIT_UERSP_TIMEOUT was as below, it was also due to
bad transmission quality which caused the ASU process timeout.
Figure 11 Cell Update Time Out Failure
Figure 12 SHO Time Out Procedure
Summary:

The top 3 reasons of UMTS call drops were related to the transmission discards due to
congestion, and the packet loss rate at IUB was much more than the requested transmission
quality at satellite scenario.
3.2 BTS transmission Analysis

By checking the throughput of the Ethernet port of the site, its peak TX throughput can reach
to 3Mbps, and the average throughput also exceed 1Mbps at busy hours.
Figure 13 TX Throughput of Site Ethernet Port
By taking statistic of the number of NE is Disconnected alarm at U2000 in hourly, it’s found
that the OMCH intermittent occurred more during busy hours as the above traffics graph.
Figure 14 Hourly Number of NE Disconnection Alarm
The site’s throughput can be limited by SET LR command. The following operation log
showed there were several times of adjustment at the site.

Figure 15 Operation Record at the Site
The TX throughput decreased after SET LR at 18:51 12th April.
Figure 16 TX Throughput Decrease
At the same time, the number of NE disconnection alarm decreased accordingly.
Figure 17 Number of NE Disconnection Decrease
Summary:
As above analysis, the lower TX throughput from the site, the less NE disconnection alarm.
The reason of the OMCH intermittent was the bandwidth insufficiency at the transmission
link which caused congestions at busy hours.

3.3 Packet Loss Analysis

After compare the RNC and NodeB’s send and receive packets, It was found that the uplink
(NodeB->RNC)’s packet loss is much more serious than the downlink packet loss.
Figure 18 Packet statics between RNC and NodeB
From 18:00, the packet which send from NodeB to RNC will be lost by transmission device
about 2.47%. The result is mapping to the ping check result. It was much more than RNC’s
IUB specification.
Consider the delay of IUB interface (average 700ms, MAX 1780ms, such high packet loss
rate will increase a lot re-trans packet, it will occupy extra bandwidth of satellite.
Figure 19 Transmission delay between RNC and NodeB
From NodeB performance logs, the NodeB KOES U900’s MAX uplink bandwidth was about
700kbps before activating the UMTS cells. After activating UMTS cells, the average uplink
bandwidth reach 1.1Mbps, and the MAX uplink bandwidth reach 4Mbps.
Figure 20 NodeB uplink bandwidth
And check the RNC’s RX perk rate, the MAX uplink bandwidth reach 2Mbps. Consider that
from 18:00, the packet loss rate became high, the uplink re-transmission will also occupy

Figure 21 RNC RX peak rate
Summary:
After activating the UMTS cells, the uplink bandwidth increase a lot than before, the packet
loss rate increase along with the UMTS traffic increase. From the counter, it is suggest to
expand the KOES U900’s uplink bandwidth on satellite to 2Mbps at least.

3.4 KPI Monitor After limited the PS services bandwidth.

For temporary solution, executing the commands as below:
Figure 22 Scripts to limit the Uplink bandwidth
These scripts had 2 functions:

1, Disable HSUPA function on the 2 cells.
2, Limited the PS R99 services admittance bandwidth to 248Kbps.
Allocated IPPATH admittance bandwidth = PS active User number * GBR*TRMfactor.
While smart phone was used more and more often, most of PS services was interactive
services. If set the interactive GBR as 16Kbps, TRM factor as 30%. An IPPATH which had
248Kbps admittance bandwidth could only have 248/ (16*30%) = 51 PS interactive users at
most.
From the active user number of the NodeB, there were only 17 PS interactive users on busy
hour.
Figure 23 PS active user number after limiting the Uplink bandwidth
And there were no any PS RAB Setup Fail because of admit bandwidth congestion. So it
meant the operation limiting the PS R99 services admittance bandwidth to 248Kbps did not
take effect because the PS active users were not enough.
Figure 24 PS RAB setup fail due to admittance bandwidth congestion after limiting the Uplink bandwidth

But GSM side also limited PS traffic to 100Kbps, and disable the HSUPA on 3G part, the total
uplink traffic of the site decrease from about 1.6Mbps to 1Mbps.
Figure 25Total Uplink traffic before limiting the Uplink bandwidth
Figure 26 Total Uplink traffic after limiting the Uplink bandwidth
The R99 PS user’s total uplink traffic was about 500Kbps. Because the admittance bandwidth
limit did not affect the real traffic.
Figure 27 3G PS uplink traffic
The packet loss rate on IPPATH which DSCP = 46 and used to carry voice and common
channel’s signaling decrease from 7% to 0 at busy hour.

Figure 28 Packet loss rate on IPPATH which DSCP = 46
The CS call drop rate decrease in most of time except 22:30
Figure 29 Call drop rate decrease
From the callfault logs, all the call drop was caused by cell update message which caused by
RL fail (cause =5) overlap with RB_SETUP message. RL fail was caused by UE lose the UL
sync with NodeB. It only have 1 reason-- bad radio quality.

Figure 30 CS Call drop reason
But from the call drop number, it decrease a lot.
Figure 31 CS Call drop number
And PS call drop rate decrease a lot too.

Figure 32 PS Call drop rate decrease
But the PS RAB success rate decrease. Because the bandwidth was limited, the RNC reject
part of PS RAB attempts.
Figure 33 PS RAB setup rate decrease
For HSDPA traffic, it kept the same as before.
Figure 34 HSDPA traffic
The OMCH channel became much more stable than before:

Figure 35 OMCH channel alarm
Summary:
After limited the PS uplink bandwidth, the CS and PS call drop rate decrease, PS RAB setup
success rate decrease. And the HSDPA traffic kept the same as before. The OMCH channel
between U2000 and NodeB became much more stable than before.
It was suggested to enable the call re-establishment feature on the cell when the radio signal
was too bad. The feature will re-establish the radio connection to avoid the call drop.
ADD UCELLRLREESTSWITCH: CellId=54591,
OptimizationSwitch=CS_RL_SETUP_SWITCH-1&CS_SMC_RL_REEST_SWITCH-
1&CS_RB_SETUP_RL_REEST_SWITCH-1&CS_RB_RECFG_RL_REEST_SWITCH-
1&CS_NON_DCCC_RBRECFG_RL_REEST_SWITCH-
1&CS_PHY_RECFG_REEST_SWITCH-1&CS_ASU_RL_RESET_SWITCH-
1&CS_MC_RL_RESET_SWITCH-1&CS_IRATHO_HOCANCEL_RL_REEST_SWITCH-
1&SRB_OVER_HSPA_OPT_BASED_RLREEST_SWITCH-
0&CS_FP_FAILURE_RL_REEST_SWITCH-1&PS_FP_FAILURE_RL_REEST_SWITCH-
1;
Modify script：

Issue in Mobile Telecom in Namibia 4 Summary
4 Summary
There are 2 possible reasons caused OMCH intermittence:

1) The OMCH intermittent was related to the bandwidth insufficiency at the transmission
link which caused congestions at busy hours.
The UMTS call drops were related to the transmission discards due to congestion, and the
packet loss rate at IUB was much more than the requested transmission quality at satellite
scenario.

Issue in Mobile Telecom in Namibia 5 Suggestions
5 Suggestions
There were 2 way to solve the issue:

1) It is suggest to expand the KOES U900’s uplink bandwidth on satellite to 2Mbps to adapt
the UMTS services.
2) Disable the UMTS cell of NodeB KOES U900’s HSUPA to reduce the uplink bandwidth
cost.

Issue in Mobile Telecom in Namibia 6 FAQ
6 FAQ
6.1 Evaluation of Requested Bandwidth.

By comparing the DCH user number of KOES site, it’s similar to site UIS_U900.
And the transmission quality of UIS_U900 site was good.
The used bandwidth of site UIS_U900 was as following red marked.
The average downlink bandwidth is more than 4Mbps, and the uplink bandwidth is more than
900Kbps.
6.2 Why was there no PING loss when the issue occurred?
The PING packets between U2000 and BTS, RNC and BTS are all based on ICMP protocol.
While the OMCH is based on TCP protocol and the IUB traffics are based on UDP protocol,
the priority of ICMP, TCP and UDP protocol packets may be different at the transmission
link, so there loss of different packets may be different too.

Issue in Mobile Telecom in Namibia 6 FAQ
6.3 Why are the OMCH of other GBTS sites normal?

The protocol of GBTS and co-MPT site OMCH are different, and the path of their OMCH are
also different. GBTS: Site – BSC – U2000. Co-MPT: Site – U2000. So the status of their
OMCH may be different too.
Protocol stack for an OMCH between co-MPT multimode base station and the U2000
Protocol stack for an OMCH between the GBTS and the BSC


Analysis For UMTS Call Drop OMCH Intermittent

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SR11761662 & 11760206 Analysis for

UMTS Call Drop & OMCH Intermittent

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Issue 01 (2019-04-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential i

Trademarks and Permissions

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Web site: http://www.huawei.com

Issue 01 (2019-04-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential ii

About This Document

Trouble Ticket Information

Prepared by Wang Zhizhong 00468588

Approved by Dai Gang 00191047

Approval Date 2019-04-15

Issue 01 (2019-04-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential iii

About This Document ................................................................................................................... iii

Issue 01 (2019-04-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential iv

Product Name Version

Issue 01 (2019-04-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 1-1

Issue 01 (2019-04-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 2-1

3.1 UMTS Call Drop Analysis

Figure 1 Transmission Qos Requirement for Satellite Link

Figure 2 RNC PING Loss Rate of IP Paths

The cells got unavailable at the same time.

Issue 01 (2019-04-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 3-1

Figure 3 Cell Unavailability

Figure 4 UMTS Cell Common Channel Setup Failed Alarm

Issue 01 (2019-04-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 3-2

Figure 5 Path Fault Alarm

Figure 6 CS Call Drop Rate

Figure 7 TOP 3 Call Drop Reasons

The CCH deletion meant the cells got unavailable frequently.

Issue 01 (2019-04-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 3-3

Figure 8 TOP 1 Call Drop Reasons

Figure 9 Call Drop Signaling Procedure

Issue 01 (2019-04-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 3-4

Figure 10 Path Fault Failure during Call Drop

From trace, the top 3rd typical failure process

Figure 11 Cell Update Time Out Failure

Figure 12 SHO Time Out Procedure

Issue 01 (2019-04-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 3-5

3.2 BTS transmission Analysis

Figure 13 TX Throughput of Site Ethernet Port

Figure 14 Hourly Number of NE Disconnection Alarm

Issue 01 (2019-04-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 3-6

Figure 15 Operation Record at the Site

The TX throughput decreased after SET LR at 18:51 12th April.

Figure 16 TX Throughput Decrease

At the same time, the number of NE disconnection alarm decreased accordingly.

Figure 17 Number of NE Disconnection Decrease

Issue 01 (2019-04-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 3-7

3.3 Packet Loss Analysis

Figure 18 Packet statics between RNC and NodeB

Figure 19 Transmission delay between RNC and NodeB

Figure 20 NodeB uplink bandwidth

Issue 01 (2019-04-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 3-8

Figure 21 RNC RX peak rate

Issue 01 (2019-04-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 3-9

3.4 KPI Monitor After limited the PS services bandwidth.

Figure 22 Scripts to limit the Uplink bandwidth

These scripts had 2 functions:

Figure 23 PS active user number after limiting the Uplink bandwidth

Issue 01 (2019-04-15) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 3-10

Figure 25Total Uplink traffic before limiting the Uplink bandwidth