i

INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) BASED MONITORING AND CONTROLLING

SYSTEM OF CIT COMPUTER LABORATORY ROOMS THROUGH BULSU-
MIS LAN CONNECTION/WORLD WIDE WEB

A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the College of Engineering

Bulacan State University

City of Malolos, Bulacan

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the

Degree of Bachelor of Science in Computer Engineering

By

GABUAT, MICHAEL ROWE B.

MANANGAN, IVY ROSE M.
MORALES, RIZABELL M.
SUMARAY, MARJOE VINCE F.
BSCPE-5E

April 2019
 ii

APPROVAL SHEET

In partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in

Computer Engineering, this thesis entitled INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) BASED
MONITORING AND CONTROLLING SYSTEM OF CIT COMPUTER
LABORATORY ROOMS THROUGH BULSU-MIS LAN
CONNECTION/WORLD WIDE WEBhas been prepared and submitted by
MICHAEL ROWE B. GABUAT, IVY ROSE M. MANANGAN, RIZABELL M.
MORALES, and MARJOE VINCE F. SUMARAY who are hereby recommended for
oral examination.

ENGR. ALBERTO C. CRUZ JR. ENGR. RICHARD Y. DELA CRUZ

Subject Teacher Technical Adviser

Approved in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of

Science in Computer Engineering.

ENGR. ROBERT JUSTIN S. CHAVEZ

Panel Chair

ENGR.ALEXANDER M. AQUINOENGR. MARIA LORENA SP. VILLENA

Panel Member Panel Member

ENGR. AMANDA FE H. ABELARDO

Panel Member

Accepted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of

Science in Computer Engineering.

ENGR. RENATO G. GOPEZ

APRIL 2019 Dean, College of Engineering
 iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We, the researchers will be forever grateful to the following because this thesis

will not be possible without them.

First and foremost, this study would not be possible without the guidance of

Almighty God for whom we owe everything. We thank Him for guiding and bestowing

us knowledge and wisdom through this journey. Truly, nothing is impossible with Him.

To our beloved parents, our deepest gratitude for supporting us morally and

financially and staying with us at times when we stopped believing in ourselves.

To our beloved technical adviser, Engr. Richard Y. Dela Cruz, who guided and

suggested brilliant ideas for the improvement of our study, he gave us his precious time

despite of his hectic schedule and supported us during our final defense until the

completion of this study.

To Engr. Albert C. Cruz Jr., our subject adviser, for giving us knowledge on

writing a quality paper, for constant weekly reminders about deadlines and tasks, and for

his patience not only for the team but for everyone in our class. Thank you, Sir!

Besides our adviser and subject teacher, we also like to thank the rest of our thesis

committee: Engr. Robert Justin Chavez, Engr. Alexander M. Aquino, Engr. Maria Lorena

SP. Villena, and Engr. Amanda Fe H.Abelardo, for their suggestions and

recommendations to improve our study. Thank you to all.!

The researchers, Michael Rowe B. Gabuat, Ivy Rose M. Manangan, Rizabell M.

Morales and Marjoe Vince F. Sumaray for last minute cramming sessions from the
 iv

beginning until our defense, to sleepless nights catching up for deadlines, to spending

quality time playing mobile legends, and to a year full of memories. Thank you!

Lastly, our earnest gratitude to our peers who motivated us to the point of berating

us that kept our fire of desire to complete the bachelor’s degree burning.
 v

DEDICATION

Every challenging works needs self-efforts as well as guidance of elders

especially those who were very close to our heart. My humble effort I dedicate to my

loving mama and papa, who supported me in every possible way they can and the reason

why I became today. Thanks for the great support and continuous care. To my relatives,

friends and classmates, who helped our group in many ways and extended their helping

hands without any hesitation. I dedicate this humble work to all of you (MRBG, 2019).

I would like to take this opportunity to express my heartfelt gratitude to all those

who helped us to finish our thesis work. To my Mama and Tito Randy who supported me

morally and financially, thanks to the both of you, without you two this little achievement

will not be possible. To my support system who always cheer me up during my worst days

and believed me when no one can. Thank you, you guys are amazing (IRMM, 2019).

At the very beginning, of all things up to this study and way more ahead of time,

the passion and the strong will to overcome everything life has thrown at me was and

always be for those who always believed in me and for my real friends who stayed during

my darkest days. I, would never be the same as I am now without those people. Thank

you! (RMM, 2019).

This study is wholeheartedly dedicated to my beloved “Tatay” who passed away

last January and to my “Nanay” who also died last March. They are the source of my

inspiration and my strength of doing this study and not to give up despite all the trials,

difficulties, problems that I encounter in my day-to-day living. I offer you this finished

product, our little yet important achievement (VMFS, 2019).

 vi

ABSTRACT

Monitoring and controlling of things being placed across quite a distance have

now gone to be an essential necessity in our society, given the growing range of our

technology, we disperse the more complex things into a simpler one. The manual

operation of switching devices on and off takes a lot of time, let alone the time it would

take on crossing the distance from place to place. Given this common problem of

monitoring and controlling of components, a reliable and convenient way regarding this

problem is indeed necessary, which gave the researcher the will to conduct a study that

will be a reliable solution for the stated problem which was encountered by many and

specifically, by the university. This study aims to design and develop LAN-based control

and monitoring mechanism which can lessen the time that it would take on doing such

things manually. The design consists of Relays, Arduino Mega, Ethernet Shield,

Terminal Blocks, LAN Cable and Router that can turn on and off the components

installed in a room through LAN-based website and can monitor their real-time status

with the help of CCTV camera. The researcher conducted a six test trial that will

determine the functionality, reliability, efficiency, maintainability, and portability of the

proposed Internet of Things (IoT) based Monitoring and Controlling System of CIT

Computer Laboratory Rooms Through BulSU-MIS LAN Connection/World Wide Web.

Based from the tests conducted on the system, the researcher came up with the following

hardware and software specifications: The respondents evaluated the system as good in

terms of reliability, functionality, maintainability, portability of the system. The findings

from the research that it can help the university to monitor and control electronic units

installed across a larger amount of distance.

 vii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE i
APPROVAL PAGE ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iii
DEDICATION v
ABSTRACT vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS vii
LIST OF TABLES ix
LIST OF FIGURES x
LIST OF EQUATIONS xi

Chapter I: THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND 1

Introduction 1
Statement of the Problem 2
Significance of the Study 3
Scope and Delimitation 4

Chapter II: THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK 5

Relevant Theories 5
Related Literature 6
Related Studies 13
Conceptual Framework 15
Definition of Terms 17
Chapter III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 18

Methods and Techniques of the Study 18

Data Gathering Procedure 19
Population and Sample of the Study 20
Research Instrument 20
Statistical Treatment 22
 viii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter IV: PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

OF DATA 23

Design a device that can turn off and on the devices inside for room
automation 23
Develop web-based process of monitoring and controlling devices 31

Testing the performance of the device in terms of response time

and data transfer of the components according to test table 34

Evaluation of Internet of Things (IOT) based Monitoring and

Controlling System of AH-COE Computer Laboratory Rooms

through BulSU-MIS Lan Connection 35

Chapter V: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 42

Summary of Findings 43
Conclusion 44
Recommendations 45
REFERENCES: 46
APPENDICES:
Appendix A: IMRAD Journal
Appendix B: Cost Analysis
Appendix C: User’s Manual
Appendix D: Evaluation Instrument
Appendix E: Letter and Certificates
Appendix F: Photo Project Development, Testing and Evaluation
Appendix G. Researcher’s Profile
 ix

LIST OF TABLES

Table 3.1: Five Point Likert Scale 21

Table 4.1: Hardware Components 26

Table 4.2: Response time of each component based on web-based command 34

Table 4.3: Response time of each computer unit based on PC to PC connection 35

Through web-based command

Table 4.4: Respondent’s Assessment on the Functionality of Monitoring and

Controlling System of AH-COE Computer Laboratory Rooms through

BulSU-MIS Lan Connection 36

Table 4.5: Respondent’s Assessment on the Reliability of the Monitoring and

Controlling System of AH-COE Computer Laboratory Rooms through

BulSU-MIS Lan Connection 37

Table 4.6: Respondent’s Assessment on the Efficiency of the Monitoring and

Controlling System of AH-COE Computer Laboratory Rooms through

BulSU-MIS Lan Connection 38

Table 4.7: Respondent’s Assessment on the Maintainability of the

Monitoring and Controlling System of AH-COE Computer Laboratory Rooms

through BulSU-MIS Lan Connection 39

Table 4.8: Respondent’s Assessment on the Portability of the Monitoring and

Controlling System of AH-COE Computer Laboratory Rooms through

BulSU-MIS Lan Connection 40

Table 4.9: Respondent’s Overall Assessment of the Monitoring and Controlling System

of AH-COE Computer Laboratory Rooms through BulSU-MIS Lan Connection 41

 x

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 2.1: Conceptual Framework 16

Figure 3.1: Project Development based on the Iterative Model Project Design 19

Figure 4.1: Block Diagram of Internet of Things (IoT) based Monitoring and

Controlling System of CIT Computer Laboratory Rooms through

BulSU-MIS Lan Connection/World Wide Web 23

Figure 4.2: The Design Prototype of Internet of Things (IoT) based Monitoring

and Controlling System of CIT Computer Laboratory Rooms through

BulSU-MIS Lan Connection/World Wide Web 25

Figure 4.3: Circuit Diagram of the hardware components 30

Figure 4.4: Web Page flowchart of Internet of Things (IoT) based Monitoring

and Controlling System of CIT Computer Laboratory Rooms through

BulSU-MIS Lan Connection/World Wide Web 33

 xi

LIST OF EQUATIONS

Equation 1: Overall Mean 22

 1

Chapter I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction

Monitoring of a place across a distance have now has been an essential necessity

in our society, given the growing range of our technology. The manual operation of

switching devices on and off takes a lot of time, so there is a need to come up with a

high-tech device that can be used in monitoring such cases.

Bulacan State University (BulSU) was established in the year 1904 and became

into a university in 1993 by virtue of Republic Act 7665. It is one of the leading

institution in Central Luzon and is mandated to provide higher professional/technical and

special instruction for special purpose. It has to promote research and extension services,

advanced studies and extension services, advanced studies and progressive leadership.

Remote access over things between places is one of the problems being

encountered by the university. CCTV surveillance cameras are not enough to monitor

what is happening inside the new 310 room from the COE building itself. Not only the

students are having a hard time travelling from place to place within a given period but

also the professors.

The Internet of Things (IOT) based Monitoring and Controlling System of CIT

Computer Laboratory Rooms through BulSU-MIS Lan Connection aims to provide an

innovative and reliable way of providing monitoring system of computer laboratory

rooms through world wide web. It will also provide complete automation of switching

devices on and off.

 2

Statement of the Problem

The general problem of this study is: How to design and develop an Internet of

Things (IOT) based Monitoring and Controlling System of AH-COE Computer

Laboratory Rooms through BulSU-MIS Lan Connection as an innovative way of

providing effective and reliable way of securing and monitoring the rooms in Alvarado

Hall?

Specifically, this study sought answers to the following questions:

1. How to design a device that will turn on and off the devices inside for

room automations?

2. How to develop web-based process of monitoring and controlling devices?

3. How to test the performance of the proposed system in terms of the

following study:

3.1 Response time;

3.2 Data transfer?

4. What is the level of acceptability of the system in terms of the following

criteria:

4.1 Functionality;

4.2 Reliability;

4.3 Efficiency;

4.4 Maintainability;
 3

4.5 Portability?

Significance of the Study

The significance of this study is to focus in developing a device that will monitor

and control the laboratory rooms in AH building through BulSU-MIS lan connection.

This study aims to be significant to the following:

Faculty Member. The college secretary will benefit in this study because he can

easily monitor the laboratory rooms in AH through web.

University. The study will be significant to Bulacan State University in bringing

about the strengths and weaknesses of the current system.

Researchers. The researchers would also benefit in this study because this will

enhance the skills and work performance while inheriting knowledge throughout the

development of the system. And as for the future researchers, the system will serve as an

inspiration to those who wanted to develop and improve the existing system. The said

idea will also serve as a stepping stone in developing a system using different devices and

approaches. They can also use this research as a reference for whatever study they will be

venturing. Further revision of this study to improve the system will be intensely promoted

for the good of the BulSU community.

 4

Scopes and Delimitations

The study is focused on the design and development of Internet of Things (IOT)

based Monitoring and Controlling System of AH-COE computer laboratory rooms

through BulSU-MIS Lan Connection to monitor and control the laboratory rooms in

Alvarado Hall building. Also, the study focuses on the room automation and web based.

The entire system is divided into four (4) main functions: (1) Computer room

automation of AH-COE Computer lab rooms (2) Can control (turn on/off) the lights,

outlets and AC units of AH-COE rooms (3) A CCTV that will give real time footages to

monitor what is happening inside the classroom (4) A server to PC access through local

area network.

It works only on the MIS Lan connection. Though it will provide access to the

lighting and all the electric equipment in the computer laboratory, it will not cover the

access of the adjustments within the said equipment. For instance, the temperature

adjustments of the air-condition and electric fans.It will not feature an intruder detector

alarm system for the smart door locks. Also, the study focuses on the web-based room

automation.
 5

CHAPTERII

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

This chapter provides review of related concepts, principles, and studies that are

relevant in examining the problem and serves as guide to examine the relationships

among the different factors that affect the study. This includes the conceptual principles

of the study, research framework, and definition of terms. Different media are used to

collate information that utilizes different materials found from books, articles and internet

in acquiring information related to the study.

Relevant Theories

This part of the chapter contains synopsis of the theories relevant to the present

study. It serves as a guide for further understanding about the system as a whole and

information system in particular.

Multi Agent System Theory. In the year 2009, G. Conte et al introduced a

paradigm for modelling and analyzing Home Automation. A rich and versatile

environment for Home Automation System simulation is constructed for investigating the

performances of the system. The exploitation of limited resources (electricity, gas, hot

water) depends on behavioral parameters of the individual appliances. In order to deal

with the problem of developing systematic design and validation procedures for control

strategies, global performance indices for the system are introduced. Different strategies

for allocating resources and establishing priorities in their use can therefore be tested and

compared.
 6

Internet Theory. According to Hans Dieter Huber (1995), the internet theory

describes Internet as a system operating in a certain environment. It states that the

internet can be described as a communication system, consisting of certain components

between which certain interactions are observable to an observer. The environment

provides a structural coupling between the Net and its support from the environment. The

environment "holds" the system and provides the relevant resources and supports to

maintain the systems functions.

Related Literature

The following are the literature which the researchers used in developing the system:

Internet of Things (IoT). The Internet of things (IoT) is a system that has the

ability to transfer data over a network without the necessity of human-to-human or

human-to-computer interaction. It is a set of interrelated computing devices, mechanical

and digital machines, objects, animals or people that are provided with unique identifiers

(UIDs). Internet of things was first mentioned by a presentation by Kevin Ashton, co-

founder of the Auto-ID Center at MIT, at Procter & Gamble (P&G) in 1999. Ashton

addressed his presentation as “Internet of Things” not only by his desire to bring radio

frequency ID (RFID) to the attention of P&G’s senior management but also to

incorporate the cool new trend of 1999 which was the Internet. It is also a natural

extension of supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA), a category of software

application program for process control, the gathering of data in real time from remote

locations to control equipment and conditions. SCADA systems has both hardware and

software components. The hardware component gathers and feeds data into a computer
 7

that has SCADA software installed, where it is then processed and presented it in a timely

manner.

IoT involves extending Internet connectivity beyond standard devices, such as

desktops, laptops, smartphones and tablets, to any range of traditionally dumb or non-

internet-enabled physical devices and everyday objects. IoT ecosystem consists of web-

enabled smart devices that use embedded processors, sensors and communication

hardware to collect, send and act on data they acquire from their environments. These IoT

devices share the sensor data being collected through connecting to an IoT gateway or

other type of edge devices where data is either sent to the cloud to be analyzed or

analyzed locally.

Home Automation. Home automation or domotics is part of the Internet of

Things. It has been around for many decades in terms of lighting and simple appliance

control. Recently, technology caught up with the idea of the interconnected world at the

touch of your fingertips or a simple voice command to Alexa, Google Assistant, Siri and

Cortana. A home automation system will control lighting, climate, entertainment systems,

and appliances. It may also include home security such as access control and alarm

systems. When connected with the Internet, home devices are an important constituent of

the Internet of Things. It typically connects controlled devices to a central hub or

"gateway". The user interface for control of the system uses either wall-mounted

terminals, tablet or desktop computers, a mobile phone application, or a Web interface,

that may also be accessible off-site through the Internet.

Microcontroller. A microcontroller is a computer present in a single integrated

circuit which is dedicated to perform one task and execute one specific application. It
 8

contains memory, programmable input/output peripherals as well a processor.

Microcontrollers are mostly designed for embedded applications and are heavily used in

automatically controlled electronic devices such as cellphones, cameras, microwave

ovens, washing machines, etc. A microcontroller is a computing device capable of

executing a program (i.e. a sequence of instructions) and is often referred to as the

“brain” or “control center” in a robot since it is usually responsible for all computations,

decision making and communications. (Coleman Benson, 2010). He added that, in order

to interact with the outside world, a microcontroller possesses a series of pins (electrical

signal connections) that can be turned HIGH (1/ON) or LOW (0/OFF) through

programming instructions. He also said that, these pins can also be used to read electrical

signals (coming from sensors or other device) and tell whether they are HIGH or LOW.

In similar way, he said that, microcontrollers can be used to control other electrical

devices such as actuators (when connected to motor controllers), storage devices (such as

SD cards), Wifi or Bluetooth interfaces, etc.

Arduino. Arduino is an open-source hardware and software company, project and

user community that designs and manufactures single-board microcontrollers and

microcontroller kits for building digital devices and interactive objects that can sense and

control objects in the physical and digital world. Arduino is an open-source hardware and

software company, project and user community that designs and manufactures single-

board microcontrollers and microcontroller kits for building digital devices and

interactive objects that can sense and control objects in the physical and digital world. Its

products are licensed under the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) or the GNU

General Public License (GPL), permitting the manufacture of Arduino boards and
 9

software distribution by anyone. Arduino boards are available commercially in

preassembled form or as do-it-yourself (DIY) kits.

A programming language is a formal language, which comprises a set of

instructions used to produce various kinds of output. Programming languages are used to

create programs that implement specific algorithms.

Arduino Ethernet Shield. It allows an Arduino board to connect to the internet.

It is based on the Wiznet W5100 Ethernet chip (datasheet). The Wiznet W5100 provides

a network (IP) stack cable of both TCP and UDP. It supports up to four simultaneous

socket connections. Use the Ethernet library to write sketches which connect to the

internet using the Ethernet Shield.

CCTV camera. also known as video surveillance is the use of video cameras to

transmit a signal to a specific place, on a limited set of monitors. It differs from broadcast

television in that the signal is not openly transmitted, though it may employ point to

point, point to multipoint, or mesh wired or wireless links. Though almost all video

cameras fit this definition, the term is most often applied to those used for surveillance in

areas that may need monitoring such as banks, stores, and other areas where security is

needed. Though Video telephony is seldom called "CCTV" one exception is the use of

video in distance education, where it is an important tool. Surveillance of the public using

CCTV is common in many areas around the world. In recent years, the use of body worn

video cameras has been introduced as a new form of surveillance, often used in law

enforcement, with cameras located on a police officer's chest or head.Video surveillance

has generated significant debate about balancing its use with individuals' right to privacy

even when in public.

 10

According to Maurice V. Garoutte (2000), the present invention involves a system

for automatically screening closed circuit television (CCTV) cameras for large and small

scale security systems, as used for example in parking garages. The system includes six

primary software elements, each of which performs a unique function within the

operation of the security system to provide intelligent camera selection for operators,

resulting in a marked decrease of operator fatigue in a CCTV system. Real-time image

analysis of video data is performed wherein a single pass of a video frame produces a

terrain map which contains parameters indicating the content of the video. Based on the

parameters of the terrain map, the system is able to make decisions about which camera

an operator should view based on the presence and activity of vehicles and pedestrians,

furthermore, discriminating vehicle traffic from pedestrian traffic. The system is

compatible with existing CCTV (closed circuit television) systems and is comprised of

modular elements to facilitate integration and upgrades.

Relay. A relay is operated through a relatively small electric current

electromagnetic switch that can turn on and off a much bigger electric current. An

electromagnet, a coil of wire that becomes temporary magnet when electricity flows

through it, acts as the heart of relays. A relay is somehow a kind of electric lever, switch

it on and with a tiny current and it switches on another appliance using a much bigger

current. It controls one electrical circuit by opening and closing contacts in another

circuit. It is an electrically operated or electromechanical switch composed of an

electromagnet, an armature, a spring and a set of electrical contacts. Relays are necessary

when there must be electrical isolation between controlled and control circuits, or when

multiple circuits need to be controlled by a single signal.

 11

Programming Languages. Most programming languages consist of instructions

for computers, although there are programmable machines that use a limited set of

specific instructions, rather than the general programming languages of modern

computers. Early ones preceded the invention of the digital computer, the first probably

being the automatic flute player described in the 9th century by the brothers Musa in

Baghdad, during the Islamic Golden Age. From the early 1800s, programs were used to

direct the behavior of machines such as Jacquard looms, music boxes and player pianos.

However, their programs (such as a player piano's scrolls) could not produce different

behavior in response to some input or condition.

Web Programming. Web programming refers to the writing, markup and coding

involved in Web development, which includes Web content, Web client and server

scripting and network security. The most common languages used for Web programming

are XML, HTML, JavaScript, Perl 5 and PHP. Web programming is different from just

programming, which requires interdisciplinary knowledge on the application area, client

and server scripting, and database technology.

HTML. It is a computer language devised to allow website creation. This website

can then be viewed by anyone else connected to the internet. He added in his tutorial that

it is easy to learn, with the basics being accessible to most people in one sitting, and quite

powerful in what it allows you to create. It is constantly undergoing revision and

evolution to meet demands and requirements of the growing internet audience under

direction of the W3C, the organization charged with designing and maintaining the

language (Ross Shannon, 2012).

 12

CSS. Stands for "Cascading Style Sheet." Cascading style sheets are used to

format the layout of Web pages. They can be used to define text styles, table sizes, and

other aspects of Web pages that previously could only be defined in a page's HTML. CSS

is designed to enable the separation of presentation and content, including layout, colors,

and fonts. This separation can improve content accessibility, provide more flexibility and

control in the specification of presentation characteristics, enable multiple web pages to

share formatting by specifying the relevant CSS in a separate .css file, and reduce

complexity and repetition in the structural content.

Computer Networks. A computer network, or data network, is a digital

telecommunications network which allows nodes to share resources. In computer

networks, computing devices exchange data with each other using connections (data

links) between nodes. These data links are established over cable media such as wires or

optic cables, or wireless media such as Wi-Fi. Network computer devices that originate,

route and terminate the data are called network nodes. Nodes are identified by network

addresses and can include hosts such as personal computers, phones, servers as well as

networking hardware. Two such devices can be said to be networked together when one

device is able to exchange information with the other device, whether or not they have a

direct connection to each other. In most cases, application-specific communications

protocols are layered over other more general communications protocols. This formidable

collection of information technology requires skilled network management to keep it all

running reliably.

Arduino IDE. Programs written using Arduino Software (IDE) are

called sketches. These sketches are written in the text editor and are saved with the file
 13

extension. The editor has features for cutting/pasting and for searching/replacing text.

The message area gives feedback while saving and exporting and also displays errors.

The console displays text output by the Arduino Software (IDE), including complete

error messages and other information.

The Arduino Integrated Development Environment - or Arduino Software (IDE) -

contains a text editor for writing code, a message area, a text console, a toolbar with

buttons for common functions and a series of menus. It connects to the Arduino hardware

to upload programs and communicate with them. Software Arduino

Related Studies

In developing the Internet of Things (IOT) based Monitoring and Controlling

System of AH-COE Computer Laboratory Rooms through BulSU-MIS Lan

Connection there are many related studies which were taken into consideration to

compare the similarities and differences. Studies that involve on line information systems

are the following.

Web-based learning extends beyond the confines of the classroom. Not only is

delivery of educational content uncoupled from classroom schedules and locations, a new

paradigm in learning, education and training is heralded. By controlling an actual

experiment, students can gain an understanding and experience beyond that which the

classroom offers. CyberLab: Remote access to laboratories through the world-wide-

web allows direct control of physical processes and observation of noise and practical

limitations, as stated by LambertusHesselink et. al (June 2000). Only by observing real

physical processes in their non-ideal conditions, students can gain a deeper physical
 14

intuition. On-line laboratories offer the ability to remotely and independently observe

students’ progress without interfering with their learning process. Data can be collected

in an unobtrusive manner concerningapproach, planning, data collection, evaluation, and

execution of laboratory experiments. These dataprovide a potential wealth of information

about the learning process, the operation of equipment, andmethods used to tackle

problems. Though CyberLab features remote access to laboratories through the world

wide web, it doesn’t provide access to the electric equipment installed in the said

laboratory.

Remote patient monitoring service through world wide web presents a real-

time remote patient monitoring service through the world wide web (www) which allows

physicians to monitor their patients in remote sites using popular Web browsers. The

real-time patient monitoring consists of two services: The Patient Locator Service (PLS)

and the Vital Sign Monitoring Service (VSMS). The PLS provides information about the

patients currently being monitored. The VSMS allows the user to observe a stream of

vital sign data, such as ECG, respiration, temperature, SpO/sub 2/, invasive blood

pressure, non-invasive blood pressure, etc., from a specific patient in real-time. The

difference between the proposed study and remote patient monitoring service through

world wide web is that it is medical related and requires more complicated techniques to

achieve the desired results (Ho Sung Lee et. al, 2002.)

A system conducted by Vernon Meadows and Michael S. Harper, System and

Method for Monitoring the Location of Individuals via the World Wide Web using a

Wireless Communications Network, describes the monitoring of geographical location

a subscriber’s mobile cellular telephone and for providing the location information to an
 15

authorized user through the world wide web. The geographical location of the

subscriber's mobile cellular telephone is tracked using registration signals transmitted

over the control channel by the cellular telephone. This information is supplied to a

geographical location coordinator system, which determines the geographical coordinates

for the cellular telephone. A database stores the geographical location information along

with a subscriber's telephone number and account code. The database is updated to track

the movement of the cellular telephone user across a geographical area.

Conceptual Framework

The study utilized the conceptual paradigm presented in Figure 2.1 in

designing and evaluating the acceptability of the Internet of Things (IOT) based

Monitoring and Controlling System of AH-COE Computer Laboratory Rooms through

BulSU-MIS Lan Connection. The study adopted the IPO Model, which stands for input,

output, and process. The inputs necessary for the development of the proposed study are

gathering of data through interview and observation, studying and reviewing Internet,

Programming Languages, Database Management, Software Development Model, and

studying related and similar systems. The process by which the software is to be

developed consists of defined procedures such as requirements analysis, design, coding,

debugging and acceptance. The output referred to in this research is the proposed Internet

of Things (IOT) based Monitoring and Controlling System of AH-COE Computer

Laboratory Rooms through BulSU-MIS Lan Connection.

This represents the steps in the development of Internet of Things (IOT) based

Monitoring and Controlling System of AH-COE Computer Laboratory Rooms through

BulSU-MIS Lan Connection. The study must characterize the proposed system and cite
 16

the possible problems which may be encountered in the development of the project.

Working plan should be carefully follow ed so that it will lead to the development of the

project. Testing and evaluation should be done to determine whether the specified goals

and objectives are met by the system, thus necessary modifications if needed.

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

Knowledge Planning
Requirements
Hardware
 Internet of Development
Things (IoT)
 Room  Design
Automation  Prototyping
 Microcontroller Internet of Things
Software (IOT) based
 Arduino Mega
Development Monitoring and
 Arduino
Controlling System
Ethernet Shield  Requirements of AH-COE
 CCTV Camera  Analysis Laboratory Rooms
 Relay  Design through BulSU-
 Programming  Testing MIS Lan
Languages
 Evaluation Connection
 Computer
Networks Integration of
Hardware Hardware and
Requirements Software

 CCTV Camera Testing

 Ethernet Shield Evaluation
 Arduino
 Relay
Software Requirements
 Web
Programming
 HTML
 CSS
 Arduino IDE
 Software
Development
Model
Figure 2.1Conceptual Framework
 17

Definition of Terms

Application Software. The Internet of Things (IOT) based Monitoring and

Controlling System of AH-COE Laboratory Rooms through BulSU-MIS Lan Connection

is classified as an application software that was designed and developed for Bulacan State

University.

Room Automation. This system is used to monitor and control the devices inside

the room.

LAN. Stands for Local Area Network, which serves as data path.

Internet of Things (IOT). The interconnection via the internet if computing

devices embedded in everyday objects, enabling them to send and receive data.

Ethernet Shield. Allows the Arduino to connect to the internet.

HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language). Type of website that is accessible to

anyone.

CSS. It enables the separation of presentation and content, including layout,

colors, and fonts.

.
 18

CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the methods and techniques used in pursuing the proposed

study and include how the data are gathered to meet the objectives of the study. This

section also includes the population and sample of the study, research instrument, and

statistical treatment.

Methods and Techniques of the Study

Developmental research was employed in this study. According to Richey (1994),

it is a study of designing, developing and evaluating instructional programs, processes

and products that must meet criteria of internal consistency and effectiveness.

Developmental research also involves situations in which the product-development

process is analyzed and described, and the final product is evaluated. The consistency and

efficiency of the developed system will also be done accordingly.

In developing the Internet of Things (IOT) based Monitoring and Controlling

System of CIT Computer Laboratory Rooms through BulSU-MIS Lan Connection, the

researcher followed these steps in building the system: 1) Requirements, 2) Analysis and

Design, 3) Testing, 4) Implementation, and 5) Evaluation. The study follows the iterative

model in constructing the Internet of Things (IOT) based Monitoring and Controlling

System of CIT Computer Laboratory Rooms through BulSU-MIS Lan Connection. This

makes sure that the system will have minimum errors once the construction is finished.

Figure 3.1 shows how the model will be implemented in the study.
 19

Figure 3.1 Project Development Based on the Iterative Model Project Design

Software development uses selected process techniques to improve software

development quality. A methodical approach in software development results in not as

much of errors on the software, therefore, provides short development time and better

system value. Depending on the type of system to be developed, certain methodology is

applicable for different types of system. A complex system needs a systematic complex

in terms of methodology. This ensures that all the requirements and the function of the

system will lead to an error-free performance.

Data Gathering Procedures

This research collected the data through literature review, observation and

benchmarking. It sprang from an observation that the BulSU COE faculty was interested

in this technology and wanted to use this to monitor and control the laboratory rooms in

Alvarado Hall building. Comparison to some existing studies also inspired the

researchers to go on with this study. This gives the idea and direction for the researchers

in creating something new. Through this, actual operation was observed, and hardware

and software information were gathered.

 20

Lastly, the evaluation of the system by selected participants through the use of

survey instrument was done. The survey instrument that was used in the study is based on

ISO 9126. ISO 9126 is an international standard for the evaluation of software. The

survey instrument covered the five quality factors namely, functionality, reliability,

efficiency, maintainability, and usability. The system’s acceptability will be measured

with the ranking system 4.50 – 5.00 Strongly Agree, 3.50 – 4.49 Agree, 2.50 – 3.49

Undecided, 1.50 – 2.49 Disagree, 1.00 – 1.49 Strongly Disagree.

Population and Sample of the Study

The data from the study were gathered from the population of the Bulacan State

University main campus. Purposive Technique was used to determine the number of the

respondents. The researchers came up with 20 respondents. The 20 respondents were

identified as follows: (1) in relation of mechanical and computer - 5, (2) and Future

Researchers – 15.

Research Instrument

After the development of the proposed system, it will pass through several testing

procedures, specifically alpha, beta and white box. After the code is mostly completed the

researchers which happened to be the programmer will do the alpha testing. A group of

selected possible users were involved for their comments and suggestions. The next

testing that was done is the beta testing, for which large number of possible users were

involved before the final release of the system.

White box testing was implemented also and it refers to the use of program source

code as a test basis and was based on internal structures of the software. White box
 21

testing, on its own, cannot recognize problems caused by mismatches between the actual

requirements or specification and the code as implemented but it can help identify some

types of design weaknesses in the code.

After the testing has been done, the proposed system went through evaluation

using the Quality Model of ISO 9126. The system was introduced to the respondents who

are randomly picked using stratified random technique. They were given a structured

questionnaire and were asked to evaluate the developed system. The researcher presented

and established the developed system to the respondents and let them use the system

before evaluating it.

Table 3.1: Five Point Likert Scale

Scale Numerical Rating Descriptive Interpretation

5 4.50 – 5.00 Strongly Agree

4 3.50 – 4.49 Agree

3 2.50 – 3.49 Undecided

2 1.50 – 2.49 Disagree

1 1.00 – 1.49 Strongly Disagree

 22

Statistical Treatment

The data that were obtained from this research were analyzed using

mathematical equations. The data analysis was generally descriptive and quantitative. For

the results presentation, analysis and presentation of data, the following statistical tools

were utilized: (1) performance of the device in terms of response time of the components,

(2) performance of the device in terms of response time of the executing PC to PC

command, (3) performance of the device in terms of data transfer of the files, and (4)

weighted mean in determining the level of the system’s acceptability concerning the

different criteria. Mean is obtained by adding all scores in the set divided by the number

of scores in the set.

To determine the respondent’s assessment on the evaluation process for Internet

of Things (IOT) based Monitoring and Controlling System of CIT Computer Laboratory

Rooms through BulSU-MIS Lan Connectionin terms of Functionality, Reliability,

Efficiency, Maintainability, and Usability questionnaires were given to the respondents.

To compute the value of the mean, researchers used the equation presented below.

𝑴 = 𝜮𝑻⁄𝑵 (𝟑. 𝟏)

Where:

M –Mean

𝜮𝑻 - Sum of computed score in the questionnaire

N – Number of all the respondents

 23

CHAPTER IV

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter discusses the analysis and interpretation of data attained in the study

based on interview, observation, actual contribution and evaluation of the chosen

respondents.

Design a device that can turn off and on the devices inside for room automation.

Figure 4.1: Block Diagram of Internet of Things (IoT) based Monitoring and Controlling

System of CIT Computer Laboratory Rooms through BulSU-MIS Lan Connection/World

Wide Web
 24

Front View Left Side View

Right View Top View

 25

Isometric View

Figure 4.2: The Design Prototype ofInternet of Things (IoT) based Monitoring and

Controlling System of CIT Computer Laboratory Rooms through BulSU-MIS Lan

Connection/World Wide Web

The researchers designed a miniature of laboratory rooms that have a width of

652.78mm, length of 1193.8mm and height of 508mm. The components were plotted

inside the rooms with the panel box attached at the back of the prototype. The panel box

held all the electronic components such as relays, Arduino, terminal blocks, etc., which

took part in controlling the components plotted in the laboratory rooms miniature through

the web browser.

The identification of materials that were acquired was based on the block

diagram. The researchers studied and analyzed the required components and materials for

continuous workflow when the prototyping and system development started. The
 26

following materials were considered by the researchers in order to develop the proposed

project:

Table 4.1: Hardware Components

Materials Used Function of materials in the system

The W5100 is a hardwired TCP/IP

embedded Ethernet controller that

enables easier internet connection for

embedded system. It is mainly used

in a high integrated, high stable, high

performance and low cost embedded

system. W5100 enables the user to

connect to the internet without

Ethernet Shield W5100 operation system.

A relay is an electromagnetic

switching device consisting of an

armature which is moved by an

electromagnet to operate one or more

switch contacts. Some advantages of

relays are that they provide

amplification and isolation and are

Relay
straightforward. They can switch

difficult voltages (e.g. RF or high-

 27

powered AC) with complete isolation

and no worries about level

translation.

Category 5 cable, commonly referred

to as Cat 5, is a twisted pair cable for

computer networks. ... Nearly

always, 8P8C modular connectors

(often referred to incorrectly as RJ45

connectors) are used for connecting

RJ45 CAT5
category 5 cable.

The Arduino Mega is a

microcontroller board based on the

ATmega1280 (datasheet). It has 54

digital input/output pins (of which 14

can be used as PWM outputs), 16

Arduino MEGA analog inputs, 4 UARTs (hardware

serial ports), a 16 MHz crystal

oscillator, a USB connection, a

power jack, an ICSP header, and a

reset button.
 28

DC-to-DC is a type of electric power

that can converts a source of direct

current from one voltage level to

another.
DC-DC Regulator

The terminal blocks are used to

secure and/or terminate wires.

Terminals are useful in the case of

electrical power, for connecting

electrical switches and outlets to the

Terminal Block
mains.

Circuit breaker is an automatically

operated electrical circuit designed to

control the flow of a current in an

electric circuit as a safety measure.

Circuit Breaker
 29

A Router is a piece of network

hardware that connects a local

network to the Internet. Router is

located at gateways, the two or more

network connect.

Router

Solenoid is a set of coiled wire which

acts as an electromagnet when

current is passed. It is commonly

used as the switch or valves which

are entirely automated.

Solenoid Bolt

A power supply is an electrical

device that supplies electric power to

an electrical load. It will serve as the

main power of the prototype.

Adapter Power Supply

 30

Figure 4.3: Circuit Diagram of the hardware components

The prototyping gives a chance to the researchers to conduct a research for new

alternatives and test the existing design to confirm the machine’s functionality and

compatibility with respect to the production. The advantage of prototyping is; it can avoid

larger cost if ever the actual project already started without the prototype. Also the

developer and implementer can get feedback from the user. Figure 4.1, Figure 4.2 and

Figure 4.3 shows how to design the hardware prototype. Table 4.1 is the list of all

hardware components the researchers used.

 31

Develop web-based process of monitoring and controlling devices

To develop a device for Internet of Things (IoT) based Monitoring and

Controlling System of CIT Computer Laboratory Rooms through BulSU-MIS Lan

Connection/World Wide Web the researchers consider the Iterative Model for the

development of the proposed system.

Based on the review of the literature and existing studies, the researchers were

able to identify the problem, objectives and design parameters of the project. Then, the

researchers developed an overview of the proposed system. This stage included the initial

block diagram that has shown the principal parts or functions which were then

represented by blocks and connected by arrows pertaining to the relationships of the

blocks.

Requirements. The first phase is the requirements, in which the features required

for the software is defined. The software requirements in the programming language is

identified on this stage. The researchers used the microcontroller Arduino Mega, which

the program language is written in C++.

Another purpose of the requirements phase is to define clearly the specifications

of the project. The researchers believe that if this stage was completed successfully, it

will ensure a smooth working of the remaining iterative model phases and this would not

have burdened the programmer to make changes at later stages because of changing

requirements. The software and hardware for the proper completion of the project was

analyzed also in this phase.

Analysis and Design. After the planning was completed, block diagram and

flowchart of the study was created in order to analyze what was the flow of the process in
 32

the system. Before starting the actual coding, it is highly important to foresee what the

result of software and hardware interaction and what it will look like in actual must

defined. The researchers have chosen the methods for the construction of the actual

system. The researchers considered the hardware, software, and software development

tools that will be used to develop the system.

Implementation. This is the third and important phase of the iterative model.

Here, the actual implementation and coding process is executed. All the planning,

specification and design documents up to this point are coded and implemented into this

initial iteration of the project.

Testing. The software is designed and needs to go through constant testing to find

it out if there are any errors. It is done so that the user will not face any problem. After

creating the software application and assembling the hardware, testing of the system

should be done to know if it has met the goals and objectives set at the beginning of the

study.

Evaluation. The final phase of the Iterative life cycle is the evaluation phase.

This is where the researchers along with the faculty and authorized personnel, examined

the status of the system and validate whether it is per the suggested requirements.
 33

Figure 4.4: Web Page flowchart of Internet of Things (IoT) based Monitoring and

Controlling System of CIT Computer Laboratory Rooms through BulSU-MIS Lan

Connection/World Wide Web

 34

Testing the performance of the device in terms of response time and data transfer of

the components according to test table

The results indicated at the test tables are according to how the researchers tested

the device using stopwatch to determine the performance of the device within a given

range.

Table 4.2: Response time of each component based on web-based command

Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

List of Distance Time Distance Time Distance Time

devices (meter) (sec) (meter) (sec) (meter) (sec)

Lights 5 0.10 8 0.12 10 0.14

Outlet 1 (fan) 5 0.10 8 0.12 10 0.14

Outlet 2 (PC) 5 0.10 8 0.12 10 0.14

Door 5 0.10 8 0.12 10 0.14

Table 4.2 shows the response time of each component. The devices that are

installed in the device are as follows: lights, outlet 1 for electric fan, outlet 2 for

computers, and solenoid door lock. The researchers concluded that the stability and speed

of connection can affect the response of the devices on the command from the server.
 35

Table 4.3: Response time of each computer unit based on PC to PC connection through

web-based command

Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

List of
Distance Time Distance Time Distance Time
Command
(meter) (sec) (meter) (sec) (meter) (sec)

Shut Down 5 1.85 8 1.92 10 2.04

Restart 5 75 8 77 10 78

Lock/Unlock 5 1.47 8 1.71 10 1.71

The researchers used two different unit of laptop. One of the laptop of the

researchers was used as a server and the other one used as a client. The results indicated

at the test table are according to how the researchers tested the command of the server

that is connected to the client unit that can be manipulated by the server. The researchers

concluded that the stability and speed of connection can affect the response of the units at

the command being thrown by the server.

Evaluation of Internet of Things (IOT) based Monitoring and Controlling System of

AH-COE Computer Laboratory Rooms through BulSU-MIS Lan Connection

The project evaluation involved the following categories which have their

respective questions answered by the respondents: functionality, reliability, efficiency,

and maintainability. The evaluation results of each category are as follows:

 36

Table 4.4: Respondent’s Assessment on the Functionality of Monitoring and Controlling

System of AH-COE Computer Laboratory Rooms through BulSU-MIS Lan Connection

Responses Weighted Descriptive

Functionality
5 4 3 2 1 Mean Responses

1. The system is easy to

16 4 0 0 0 4.80 Strongly Agree
operate & use.

2. The system performs its

required tasks and 14 6 0 0 0 4.70 Strongly Agree

functions.

3. The system provides the

precise information in 12 8 0 0 0 4.00 Agree

monitoring and detection.

4. The device gives the

correct output by the users 14 3 3 0 0 4.55 Strongly Agree

desire.

5. The system can open

20 0 0 0 0 5.00 Strongly Agree
through mobile phone.

Overall weighted Mean 4.61 Strongly Agree

Table 4.4 shows the overall weighted mean on the category for Functionality that

gives a rating of 4.61 which signifies that the Monitoring and Controlling System of AH-
 37

COE Computer Laboratory Rooms through BulSU-MIS Lan Connection meets an

excellent rating from the respondents. The device implemented a system that matches the

desired or expected task as designed because the respondents gave this the highest rate of

4.80 and the lowest rate 4.00 which signifies that the device matches the desired/expected

amount as designed.

The table 4.5 below shows the result of the evaluation of the device based on its

Reliability on performing its functions.

Table 4.5: Respondent’s Assessment on the Reliability of the Monitoring and

Controlling System of AH-COE Computer Laboratory Rooms through BulSU-MIS Lan

Connection

Responses Weighted Descriptive

Reliability
5 4 3 2 1 Mean Responses

1. The system can withstand

and recover from failure. 7 10 3 0 0 4.20 Agree

2. The system has limited

6 9 4 0 1 3.95 Agree
malfunctions.

3. The system can monitor

the previous footages inside 8 10 2 0 0 4.30 Agree

it.

Overall weighted Mean 4.15 Agree

 38

Table 4.5 shows the overall computed mean on the category for reliability that

gives a rating of 4.15 which signifies that the Monitoring and Controlling System of AH-

COE Computer Laboratory Rooms through BulSU-MIS Lan Connection meets an

excellent rating from the respondents. The device performed its functions as a monitoring

and controlling system for computer laboratories because the respondents gave the

highest rate of 4.30 and lowest rate of 3.95 for the device.

The table 4.6 below shows the result about the evaluation of the device based on

its Efficiency according to its function.

Table 4.6: Respondent’s Assessment on the Efficiency of the Monitoring and Controlling

System of AH-COE Computer Laboratory Rooms through BulSU-MIS Lan Connection

Responses Weighted Descriptive

Efficiency
5 4 3 2 1 Mean Responses

1. The system can meet the

14 3 3 0 0 4.81 Strongly Agree
expected response time.

2. The system performs its

tasks according to its 16 4 0 0 0 4.93 Strongly Agree

functions.

Overall weighted Mean 4.89 Strongly Agree

Table 4.6 shows the overall computed mean on the category for efficiency that

gives a rating of 4.89 which signifies that the Monitoring and Controlling System of AH-

COE Computer Laboratory Rooms through BulSU-MIS Lan Connection meets an

 39

excellent rating from the respondents. The device performed its functions as a monitoring

and controlling system for computer laboratories because the respondents gave the

highest rate of 4.93 and lowest rate of 4.81 for the device.

The table 4.7 below shows the result about the evaluation of the device based on

its Maintainability.

Table 4.7: Respondents’ Assessment on the Maintainability of the Monitoring

and Controlling System of AH-COE Computer Laboratory Rooms through BulSU-MIS

Lan Connection

Responses Weighted Descriptive

Maintainability
5 4 3 2 1 Mean Responses

1. The repair and

troubleshooting can be done 10 9 1 0 0 4.45 Agree

by the user.

2. The system can operate

15 5 0 0 0 4.75 Strongly Agree
accurately by itself.

3. The system can be

8 9 3 0 0 4.25 Agree
debugged easily.

Overall weighted Mean 4.48 Agree

Table 4.7shows the overall computed mean on the category for maintainability

that gives a rating of 4.48 which signifies that the Monitoring and Controlling System of

AH-COE Computer Laboratory Rooms through BulSU-MIS Lan Connection meets a

 40

very good rating from the respondents. The cleaning of the device receives the lowest

rating of 4.25 from the respondents but the highest rate of 4.75 shows that the system can

operate accurately by itself.

Table 4.8: Respondents’ Assessment on the Portability of the Monitoring and

Controlling System of AH-COE Computer Laboratory Rooms through BulSU-MIS Lan

Connection

Responses Weighted Descriptive

Portability
5 4 3 2 1 Mean Responses

1. The system is easy to set

10 9 1 0 0 4.53 Strongly Agree
up anytime.

2. The system gives

accurate data to the

14 6 0 0 0 4.73 Strongly Agree
interface based on the

gathered data.

3. The web page can be

accessed in different web 17 2 1 0 0 4.11 Agree

browsers.

Overall weighted Mean 4.45 Agree

Table 4.8 shows the overall computed mean of the category for portability that

gives a rating of 4.45 which signifies that the Monitoring and Controlling System of AH-

COE Computer Laboratory Rooms through BulSU-MIS Lan Connection meets a very
 41

good rating from the respondents. The cleaning of the device receives the lowest rating of

4.11 from the respondents but the highest rate of 4.73 by the terms of accessibility

through different web browser.

Table 4.9: Respondents’ Overall Assessment of the Monitoring and Controlling System

of AH-COE Computer Laboratory Rooms through BulSU-MIS Lan Connection

Weighted
Criteria Descriptive Responses
Mean

Functionality 4.61 Strongly Agree

Reliability 4.15 Agree

Efficiency 4.89 Strongly Agree

Maintainability 4.48 Agree

Portability 4.45 Agree

Overall Weighted Mean 4.52 Strongly Agree

The overall mean of the Monitoring and Controlling System of AH-COE

Computer Laboratory Rooms through BulSU-MIS Lan Connection is 4.52. This is

obtained from all the computed overall mean of each category from the evaluation which

means that the device provided a very good rating to all of the users. The highest rating of

4.89 shows the efficiency of the device. The lowest rating of 4.15 implied that the device

still has a good rating for its accuracy.

 42

CHAPTER V

SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter presents the summary of the findings on the study, conclusions

drawn from the findings and recommendations offered based on the study.

Summary

The Internet of Things (IoT) based Monitoring and Controlling System of CIT

Computer Laboratory Rooms through BulSU-MIS Lan Connection/World Wide Web

consists of relays, terminal blocks, and a circuit breaker to ensure the safety of the

hardware during maintenance. Arduino Mega is also used to transfer operations to the

relays which acted as switches for the entire automation process. These relays were

connected to the terminal blocks, which is then connected to the devices to be controlled.

To assure that the system will execute desired commands properly, Arduino IDE

is used to make a program wherein the software is integrated.

The researchers believe that the implementation of the system will lessen the time

it consumes by monitoring and controlling laboratory rooms manually. Though it is not

advanced as being developed in other countries. But somehow it will serve as a step in

developing enhanced and complex technology in our country.

Specifically, this study sought answers to the following questions:

1. How to design a device that will turn on and off the devices inside for

room automations?

2. How to develop web-based process of monitoring and controlling devices?

 43

3. How to test the performance of the proposed system in terms of the

following study?

3.1 Response time;

3.2 Data transfer

4. What is the level of acceptability of the system in terms of the following

criteria?

4.1 Functionality;

4.2 Reliability;

4.3 Efficiency;

4.4 Maintainability;

4.5 Portability?

The software development was guided by the Iterative Model because this ensures

that all the requirements and the function of the system have an error-free performance.

The following were utilized during the development of the system. (1) Web

Programming, (2) HTML, (3) CSS, (4) Arduino IDE, and (5) Software Development

Model.

Summary of Findings

Based from the tests conducted on the system, the researcher came up with the

following hardware and software specifications:

 44

The respondents evaluated the system as good in terms of reliability (4.61),

functionality (4.61), maintainability (4.48), portability of the system (4.45). Very good in

efficiency (4.89). Overall, the respondents evaluated the system very good (4.52).

Conclusions

Based on the mentioned findings of the study, the following conclusions were drawn:

1. To design a device that will turn on and off the devices inside for room

automations. The researchers have successfully developed a system that will

change the status (on and off) of a device through world wide web using

microcontroller that has an integrated program for controlling, relays which

served as switches, Ethernet for building up connection with LAN, and terminal

blocks that acted as the physical connection between the internal and external

components.

2. To develop web-based process of monitoring and controlling devices. Arduino

IDE is used by the researchers to develop a program that utilizes the automation

system. A webpage serves as a non-physical control for the user to be able to

manipulate the system even at a distance. This webpage is also compatible

through mobile phones.

3. To test the performance of the proposed system in terms of response time and data

transfer. The researchers conducted a series of test to determine how fast and

reliable is the system in terms of its hardware and software components.

4. To test the level of acceptability of the system that will meet its desired

functionality, reliability, efficiency, maintainability, portability as its major

 45

criteria. The researchers conducted an evaluation with 20 respondents that rated

the system according to the given criteria.

Recommendations

Based on the findings and conclusions of the study the following are hereby

recommended for the improvement of the project:

1. Accessible Insight Files through LAN webpage without opening another

application outside the webpage.

2. Thermostat control and ventilation adjustments for air-condition and electric fans.

3. Camera footage stream through website via mobile phones.

4. A more secured smart door lock that uses RFID tap card that will include

intrusion detector system.

5. A history of activity of controls such as switching devices off in a specific time.

 46

References

G. Conte, G. Morganti, A.M Perdon and D. (2009). Scaradozzi Multi Agent System

Theory for Resource Management in Home Automation Systems. Journal of Physical

Agents

Hans Dieter Huber (1995). Internet Theory. Retrieved from hgb-leipzig.de

Internet of Things (2007). Retrieved from https://internetofthingsagenda.techtarget.com

LambertusHesselink et. al (June 2000). CyberLab: Remote access to laboratories through

the world-wide-web. Retrieved from

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/2366591_CyberLab_Remote_access_to_laborat

ories_through_the_world-wide-web

Maurice V. Garoutte (2000). System for Automated Screening of Security Cameras.

Retrieved from https://patents.google.com/patent/US20050259848

Ross Shanon (2012). Basic Web Design. Retrieved from yourhtmlsource.com

APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
(IMRAD JOURNAL)
APPENDIX B
(COST ANALYSIS)
 COST ANALYSIS

ITEM QUANTITY PRICE TOTAL

Electrical Tape 1 35 35
Extension 1 300 300
Web Cam 1 250 250
Mini Fan 1 170 170
4.5v Transformer 1 269 269
Arduino Mega Kit 1 1,499 1,499
Pilot light 220vac 1 30 30
Ethernet Shield 1 550 550
16-Channel Relay 1 468 468
Circuit Breaker 1 380 380
Paint Brush 1 30 30
Ply Wood 1 875 875
Plug 1 50 50
Multi-tester 1 280 280
Electronic driver kit 1 150 150
Crimping Tool Set 1 318 318
LM2596 DC-DC 1 90 90
Wood Parquet 1 160 160
Lever Switch 2 30 60
12V Solenoid Lock 2 350 700
2 gang outlet 2 110 220

PVC Plastic 2 40 80
Molding
Terminal Blocks 2 190 380
Power Supply 3 180 540
Capacitor 3 28 84
Double Adhesive 3 25 75
Flexible Hose 3m 20 60
2x2Receptacle 4 25 100
3W LED Bulb 5 75 375
Paint 4 75 300
Caster Wheels 4 60 240
Hinge (Small) 4 13 52
Hinge (Medium) 4 30 120
Sandpaper 4 35 140
No. 12 Flat cord 4m 30 120
RJ45 10 5 50
2.0 Stranded Wire 10m 17 170
Cat5 Cable 11m 25 275
M/F Jumper Wires 40 157 157
Wood Screw 60 0.50 30

Total: PHP 10,232

APPENDIX C
(USER’S MANUAL)
 APPENDIX D
(EVALUATION INSTRUMENT)
 APPENDIX E
(LETTERS AND CERTIFICATES)
 APPENDIX F
(PHOTO – PROJECT DEVELOPMENT,
TESTING AND EVALUATION)
 APPENDIX G
(RESEARCHERS’ PROFILES)