Checks for Limiting Parameters (Pad and Strip Base: EC2) Page 1 of 3

Checks for Limiting Parameters (Pad and Strip Base: EC2)

Limiting reinforcement parameters are specified in Design Options > Foundations > Isolated
Foundations > Reinforcement Layout

Topics in this section

• Limits on bar size and reinforcement quantities
• Limits on bar spacing

Limits on bar size and reinforcement quantities

The minimum bar diameter:

φmin = 8mm EC2 recommendations

is an NDP (cl.9.8.2.1(1)):

φmin = 8mm for UK, Irish and Malaysian NA

φmin = 10mm for Singapore NA

The maximum bar diameter:

φlarge = 32mm EC2 recommendations

φlarge = 40mm for UK, Irish and Malaysian and Singapore NA

If the design results in a bar size with φ > φlarge then a 'Warning' is displayed.
The minimum area of tension reinforcement (NDP) ((cl. 9.3.1.1(1)) for EC2 recom., UK, Irish,
Malaysian and Singapore NA

As,min ≥ max(0.26 * fctm / fyk, 0.0013) * b * d for X­direction

As,min ≥ max(0.26 * fctm / fyk, 0.0013) * b * d for Y­direction

where b = unit width

The maximum area of tension reinforcement (NDP) ((cl. 9.3.1.1(1)) for EC2 recom., UK, Irish,
Malaysian and Singapore NA

As,max = 0.04 * b * d

Limits on bar spacing

The minimum clear horizontal distance between individual parallel bars, scl,min, is given by;1
scl,min ≥ MAX[k1*φ, dg+k2, scl,u,min, 20 mm]
where

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Checks for Limiting Parameters (Pad and Strip Base: EC2) Page 2 of 3

k1 = the appropriate NDP

k2 = the appropriate NDP
dg = the maximum size of aggregate
φ = the maximum diameter of bar
scl,u,min = user specified min clear distance between bars

For design to EC2 Recommendations, UK NA, Irish NA, Malaysian NA and Singapore NA;
k1 = 1.0
k2 = 5.0mm
The maximum centre to centre bar spacing for crack control, scr,max, is dependent on the
maximum allowable crack width, wmax, specified in the base properties from a menu of values
which are: 0.20mm, 0.30mm or 0.40mm with a default value of 0.30mm.
The service stress in the reinforcement, σs, is given by;
σs = (As,reqd/As,prov)*(fyk/γs)*RPL
where

As,reqd = the area of reinforcement required for the maximum design Ultimate
Limit State bending moment, MEd

As,prov = the area of reinforcement provided

RPL = the permanent load ratio

In the base properties you are required to supply a value for the permanent load ratio, RPL. A
default of 0.65 has been assumed, but you are advised to consider if this is appropriate and
adjust as necessary.
The maximum allowable centre to centre bar spacing, scr,max is then obtained from table 7.3N
(shown below) by looking up the calculated value of the service stress in the reinforcement, σs,
using interpolation between values of σs

Steel Service Stress, Max Allowable bar Spacing, scr,max

σs (N/mm2) wmax = 0.40 mm wmax = 0.30 mm wmax = 0.20 mm

≤ 160 300 300 200

200 300 250 150

240 250 200 100

280 200 150 50

320 150 100 Warning

360 100 50 Warning

>360 Warning Warning Warning

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Checks for Limiting Parameters (Pad and Strip Base: EC2) Page 3 of 3

Parent topic
• Pad and Strip Base Design to EC2 and EC7

1. BS EN 1992­1­1:2004 Section 8.2(2)

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