Activity In Exile

Nazi Germany Bose came under the tutelage of a newly created Special Bureau for India, guided by Adam von Trott
zu Solz. He and other Indians who had gathered in Berlin made regular broadcasts from the German-sponsored
Azad Hind Radio beginning in January 1942, speaking in English, Hindi, Bengali, Tamil, Telugu, Gujarati,
and Pashto.
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A little more than a year after the Japanese invasion of Southeast Asia, Bose left Germany, traveling by German and
Japanese submarines and by plane, and arrived in May 1943 in Tokyo. On July 4 he assumed leadership of the
Indian Independence Movement in East Asia and proceeded, with Japanese aid and influence, to form a trained
army of about 40,000 troops in Japanese-occupied Southeast Asia. On October 21, 1943, Bose proclaimed the
establishment of a provisional independent Indian government, and his so-called Indian National Army(Azad Hind
Fauj), alongside Japanese troops, advanced to Rangoon (Yangon) and thence overland into India, reaching Indian
soil on March 18, 1944, and moving into Kohima and the plains of Imphal. In a stubborn battle, the mixed Indian and
Japanese forces, lacking Japanese air support, were defeated and forced to retreat; the Indian National Army
nevertheless for some time succeeded in maintaining its identity as a liberation army, based in Burma and
then Indochina. With the defeat of Japan, however, Bose’s fortunes ended.
 Bose, Subhas ChandraSubhas Chandra Bose, leader of the Indian National Army.© Sidha

A few days after Japan’s announced surrender in August 1945, Bose, fleeing Southeast Asia, reportedly died in a
Japanese hospital in Taiwanas a result of burn injuries from a plane crash.
Subhash Chandra Bose was one of the most celebrated freedom fighters of India. He was a charismatic influencer of the youth and earned the
epithet ‘Netaji’ by establishing and leading the Indian National Army (INA) during India’s struggle for independence. Although initially aligned with the
Indian National Congress, he was ousted from the party due to his difference in ideology. He sought assistance from Nazi leadership in Germany
and Imperial forces in Japan during the World War II, to overthrow the British from India. His sudden disappearance post 1945, led to surfacing of
various theories, concerning the possibilities of his survival.

Childhood & Early Life

Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose was born on 23 January, 1897 in Cuttack (Orissa) to Janakinath Bose and Prabhavati Devi. Subhash was the ninth
child among eight brothers and six sisters. His father, Janakinath Bose, was an affluent and successful lawyer in Cuttack and received the title of
"Rai Bahadur". He later became a member of the Bengal Legislative Council.

Subhash Chandra Bose was a brilliant student. He passed his B.A. in Philosophy from the Presidency College in Calcutta. He was deeply influenced
by Swami Vivekananda's teachings and was known for his patriotic zeal as a student. In an incident where Bose beat up his professor (E.F. Otten)
for his racist remarks, brought him notoriety as a rebel-Indian in eyes of the government. His father wanted Netaji to become a civil servant and
therefore, sent him to England to appear for the Indian Civil Service Examination. Bose was placed fourth with highest marks in English. But his urge
for participating in the freedom movement was intense and in April 1921, he resigned from the coveted Indian Civil Service and came back to India.
In December 1921, Bose was arrested and imprisoned for organizing a boycott of the celebrations to mark the Prince of Wales' visit to India.

During his stay in Berlin, he met and fell in love with Emily Schenkl, who was of Austrian origin. Bose and Emily were married in 1937 in a secret
Hindu ceremony and Emily gave birth to a daughter Anita in 1942. Shortly after the birth of their daughter, Bose left Germany in 1943 to come back
to India.
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Political Career

Association with Indian National Congress

Initially, Subhash Chandra Bose worked under the leaders