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English 2008.

9
Industrial Batteries

I ndustrial B atteries
Maxell batteries: Meeting a variety of energy needs
CR/ER/SR/ICP/ML/TC Industrial Batteries
Maxell supplies various battery lineups corresponding to application usage of diversified equipment,
ranging from lithium ion batteries as the main power sources of portable information devices to backup power
sources for various electronics devices.

Position of Maxell Batteries

ICP ER ICP
(Li-ion) (Li-ion)
3
V)
ge (

Total
ML CR CR ML Capacity
(Coin-Type) (Cylindrical)
a

2
Volt

Total
Capacity
TC SR TC LR
(Alkaline
Battery)
1
Total
Capacity

0
0.1 1 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 1,000,000
Capacity (mAh)

 Application of Primary and Secondary Batteries


Primary Secondary
CR ER SR ICP ML TC
Tele- Mobile Phones   
communications PHS   
OA Machines (Fax, Copiers, Printers)   
Notebook PCs   
Desktop PCs   
IT Hardware
PDAs    
Electronic Dictionaries  
Calculators  
Camcorders    
Imaging Digital Still Cameras    
Film Cameras  
Portable CD/MD Players    
Audio
Digital Audio Players 
Timepieces Watches    
Medical Instruments, Cash Registers    

Industrial FA Instruments (Measuring Instruments,    


Onboard Microcomputers, Sensors)
Electronic Meters (Water, Gas, Electricity)   
Keyless Entry Systems 
Automobiles
ETC (Electronic Toll Collection System)  
Portable Game Devices  
Other
Remote Controllers 

1
CONTENTS

Lithium Manganese Dioxide


Primary CR Battery 3
 Coin Type 5
CR2450 & CR2430 7
CR2032H & CR2032 8
CR2025 & CR2016 9
CR2012 & CR1620 10
CR1616 & CR1220 11
CR1216 & CR1025 12
With Terminals and Wire Connectors 13
 Heat Resistant Coin Type 15
CR2450HR & CR2450HR-Ex 16
 Cylindrical Type 17
CR17450 & CR17335 18

Lithium Thionyl Chloride


ER Battery 19
ER18/50 & ER17/50 24
ER6 & ER6C 25
ER17/33 & ER3 26
ER3S 27
With Terminals and Wire Connectors 28

SR Silver Oxide Battery 29

Lithium Ion Rechargeable


ICP
Secondary

Battery 33

Lithium Manganese Dioxide


ML Rechargeable Battery 37
ML2032 & ML2016 41
ML1220 42
With Terminals and Wire Connectors 43

Titanium Carbon Lithium


TC Rechargeable Battery 45
TC920S 49

2
CR
Lithium Manganese
Dioxide Battery (Li/MnO2)
CR2450 / CR2430 / CR2032H / CR2032 / CR2025 / CR2016 /
CR2012 / CR1620 / CR1616 / CR1220 / CR1216 / CR1025 /
With Terminals and Wire Connectors
(CR2450 / CR2032 / CR2025 / CR1616 / CR1220)
Heat Resistant Coin Type
CR2450HR / CR2450HR-Ex
CR17450 / CR17335

LITHIUM MANGANESE DIOXIDE BATTERY

3
Safety Instructions
This battery contains lithium, organic solvents, and other combustible materials. For this reason, improper handling of
the battery could lead to distortion, leakage*, overheating, explosion, or fire, causing bodily injury or equipment trouble.
Please observe the following instructions to prevent accidents.
(* Leakage is defined as the unintentional escape of a liquid from a battery.)

Warnings Handling Warnings Circuit Design for Back-up Use

Never swallow. This is a primary battery and cannot be charged. If used in memory
Always keep the battery out of the reach of infants and young children or RTC back-up applications, be sure to use diodes to prevent
to prevent it from being swallowed. If swallowed, consult a physician
charging from the main power source or other batteries, and a
immediately.
protective resistor to regulate the current as shown in the figure
Never charge. below. Note that the points described below should be taken into
The battery is not designed to be charged by any other electrical
careful consideration when selecting diodes and protective resistors.
source. Charging could generate gas and internal short-circuiting,
leading to distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire. Diode Diode
+5V Load +5V Load
Never heat. Diode
Heating the battery to more than 100 deg. C* could increase the internal Diode
Diode
pressure, causing distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or
fire. (* Consult Maxell regarding heat resistant coin type lithium Protective
Protective
resistor
manganese dioxide batteries.) resistor

Battery
Never expose to open flames. Battery

Exposing to flames could cause the lithium metal to melt, causing


the battery to catch on fire and explode. Example (A) Example (B)

Never disassemble the battery. Supplied voltage to load


Do not disassemble the battery, because the separator or gasket could Because a diode and a resistor generate the voltage drop on
be damaged, leading to distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or operating, please take into consideration these voltage drops for
fire. supplied voltage to load.

Never reverse the positive and negative terminals when mounting. Using diodes to prevent charging
Improper mounting of the battery could lead to short-circuiting, Please choose diodes with leak current as small as possible. Please
charging or forced-discharging. This could cause distortion, keep the charged capacity due to leak current to within 1% of
leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire. nominal capacity.
Never short-circuit the battery. Using and setting protective Type Maximum Current
Do not allow the positive and negative terminals to short-circuit. resistors
Never carry or store the battery with metal objects such as a CR2450 15mA
A protective resistor is used to 15mA
necklace or a hairpin. Do not take multiple batteries out of the CR2430
package and pile or mix them when storing. Otherwise, this could prevent the battery from being CR2032H 10mA
lead to distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire. charged by large surges of current CR2032 10mA
during diode failure. Please set the CR2025 10mA
Never weld the terminals or weld a wire to the body of the
battery directly. resistor so that the maximum CR2016 10mA
The heat of welding or soldering could cause the lithium to melt, or current shown in the right table is CR2012 10mA
cause damage to the insulating material in the battery. This could not exceeded. For example, say a CR1620 4.0mA
cause distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire. When CR2032 battery is used in sample CR1616 2.5mA
soldering the battery directly to equipment, solder only the tabs or circuit (A) in combination with a CR1220 3.0mA
leads. Even then, the temperature of the soldering iron must be
main power source 5 volt. Since the CR1216 2.5mA
below 350 deg. C and the soldering time less than 5 seconds. Do
not use a soldering bath, because the circuit board with battery permitted charge current is 10mA CR1025 2.5mA
attached could stop moving or the battery could drop into the bath. and this battery’s voltage is 3V, let CR2450HR 15mA
Moreover do not use excessive solder, because the solder could the resistor be CR2450HR-Ex 15mA
flow to unwanted portions of the board, leading to a short-circuit or R>=(5V-3V)/10mA=0.2k ohm, CR17450 20mA
charging of the battery. meaning that at least 0.2k ohm is CR17335 20mA
Never use different batteries together. required.
Using different batteries together, i.e. different type or used and new
or different manufacturer could cause distortion, leakage,
overheating, explosion, or fire because of the differences in battery Warnings Disposal
property. If using two or more batteries connected in series or in The battery may be Do not pile up or mix
parallel even same batteries, please consult with Maxell before Tape
regulated by national or batteries.
using.
local regulation.
Never allow liquid leaking from the battery to get in your eyes Please follow the
or mouth. —
instructions of proper
Because this liquid could cause serious damage, if it does come in Enlarged view +
contact with your eyes, flush them immediately with plenty of water regulation. As electric
Electric current flows. Battery
and consult a physician. Likewise, If the liquid gets in your mouth, capacity is left in a
rinse immediately with plenty of water and consult a physician. discarded battery and
(Example of
Keep leaking batteries away from fire. it comes into contact battery insulation)
If leakage is suspected or you detect a strong odor, keep the battery with other metals, it These batteries generate heat.
away from fire, because the leaked liquid could catch on fire. could lead to
Never touch the battery electrodes. distortion, leakage, overheating, or explosion, so make sure to cover
Do not allow the battery electrodes to come in contact with your skin the (+) and (-) terminals with friction tape or some other insulator
or fingers. Otherwise, the moisture from your skin could cause a before disposal.
discharge of the battery, which could produce certain chemical
substances causing you to receive a chemical burns.

4
CR Coin Type Lithium Manganese Dioxide Battery

Caution Handling/Storage

Never expose the battery to ultrasonic sound. Never use or leave the battery in a hot place such as under
Exposing the battery to ultrasonic sound may cause the direct rays of the sun or in a car in hot weather.
short-circuiting because the inside material is broken into If you do, this may cause distortion, leakage, overheating,
pieces, leading to distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire.
explosion, or fire. Never allow the battery to come in contact with water.
Never subject the battery to severe shock. If it does, this may cause the battery to rust or lead to
Dropping, throwing or stomping on the battery may cause distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire.
distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire. Never store the battery in a hot and highly humid
Never short-circuit the battery while installing into environment.
equipment. Doing so may cause the performance of the battery to
Please be careful when installing the battery not to deteriorate. In certain environments, this may lead to
short-circuit it with metal portions of the equipment. distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire.
Use the correct battery suitable for the equipment. Keep contact pressure more than 2N.
The battery may not be suitable for the specific equipment The battery voltage may be lower than intended value
due to the using conditions or type of equipment. Please because of poor contact condition, please keep contact
select the suitable battery according to the handling pressure more than 2N for suitable contact resistance.
instructions of the equipment.

Overview
The coin-type lithium manganese dioxide battery (CR battery) is a small, lightweight battery with an operating voltage of 3V and
the ability to operate over a wide temperature range. It has a wide range of applications, both for powering devices such as
wristwatches and electronic calculators and can be used in all types of electronic devices mainly as memory and RTC backup.

Products
Model CR2450 CR2430 CR2032H CR2032 CR2025 CR2016 CR2012 CR1620 CR1616 CR1220 CR1216 CR1025

Nominal Voltage (V) 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

Nominal Capacity (mAh)** 610 290 240 220 170 90 50 80 55 36 25 30

Nominal Discharge Current (mA) 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Operating Temperature –20 to +85
Range (deg. C)***
Diameter (mm) 24.5 24.5 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 16.0 16.0 12.5 12.5 10.0
Dimensions*
Height (mm) 5.0 3.0 3.2 3.2 2.5 1.6 1.2 2.0 1.6 2.0 1.6 2.5
Weight (g)* 6.6 4.6 3.0 3.0 2.5 1.7 1.4 1.3 1.1 0.8 0.6 0.6

* Dimensions and weight are for the battery itself, but may vary depending on terminal specifications and other factors.
** Nominal capacity indicates duration until the voltage drops down to 2.0V when discharged at a nominal discharge current at 20 deg. C.
***When using these batteries at temperatures outside the range of 0 to +40 deg. C, please consult Maxell in advance for conditions of use.
• Data and dimensions are just reference values. For further details, please contact your nearest Maxell dealer or distributor.

Construction Principle and Reactions


Example of Typical Construction The coin-type lithium manganese dioxide battery uses
Negative Cap Negative Electrode (Lithium) manganese dioxide (MnO2) as its positive active material,
Separator lithium (Li) as its negative active material, and an organic
Gasket
electrolyte.
(–)
Battery Reactions
+
Positive reaction: MnO2Li e–씮 MnOOLi
+
Negative reaction: Li 씮 Li e–
(+) Total reaction: MnO2Li 씮 MnOOLi
Positive Can
Positive Electrode Collector
(Manganese Dioxide)

5
LITHIUM MANGANESE DIOXIDE BATTERY

Features
Optimum for Memory and RTC Backup (Fig. 1) operating voltage at room temperature as well as high and
Displays long-term stable operating voltage at low load low temperatures.
discharge. Superior leakage resistance and excellent storage
High 3 volt energy density characteristics (Fig. 2)
High energy density. At 3 volts (nominal voltage), it has Employs a leak-resistant organic electrolyte, giving it better
about twice the voltage of alkaline button batteries and leakage resistance than battery types using alkaline
silver oxide batteries. electrolytes. Furthermore, the high degree of seal of the
Stable discharge characteristics through low internal seal structure and application of sealant keep
resistance and high operating voltage self-discharge to about 1% per year.
Employs highly conductive electrolyte, lowering internal Superior high rate discharge characteristics (Fig. 3)
resistance and providing stable operating voltage. This
allows stable power to be obtained, with little change in

Fig. 1 Relationship between Discharge Current Consumption and Duration Time Fig. 2 Discharge Characteristics after Storage
10 2
Discharge current consumption (µA)

CR2032H
3.5
3.3 Discharge load : 15k ohm
CR2450 Temperature : 20 deg. C
10 1 3.1
CR2430
CR2032H 2.9 Initial
CR2032
CR2025 2.7
Voltage (V)

CR2016 2.5
10 0 CR1620 After stored for 100 days at 60 deg. C
2.3
CR1616 (equivalent to storage at 20 deg. C for 5 years)
CR2012 2.1
CR1220
CR1025 1.9
CR1216 1.7
10-1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1.5
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400
Discharge duration time (years)
Discharge duration time (hours)

Fig. 3 High Rate Discharge Characteristics UL Recognized Components


CR2032H The coin-type lithium manganese dioxide battery is a
3.5 UL (Underwriters Laboratories Inc.) recognized
3.9k ohm component.
Temperature : 20 deg. C
15k ohm
3.0
Recognized models:
CR2450, CR2430, CR2032, CR2032H,CR2025, CR2016,
Voltage (V)

2.0
CR2012, CR1620, CR1616, CR1220, CR1216, CR1025
Certification Number: MH12568
1k ohm
2.0

1.5
0 50 100 150 200 250
Discharge capacity (mAh)

Applications
OA Machines (Fax, Copiers, Printers) Notebook PCs Desktop PCs
PDAs Electronic Dictionaries Calculators
Camcorders Digital Still Cameras Film Cameras
Portable CD/MD Players Watches Medical Instruments, Cash Registers
Electronic Meters (Water, Gas, Electricity) Keyless Entry Systems Portable Game Devices
Remote Controllers
FA Instruments (Measuring Instruments, Onboard Microcomputers, Sensors)

6
CR Coin Type Lithium Manganese Dioxide Battery

CR2450 (610mAh)

 Discharge Characteristics  Temperature Characteristics


Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 15 k
3.5 3.5
45 deg. C
20 deg. C
3.0 3.0

Voltage (V)
Voltage (V)

2.5 2.5 –10 deg. C


0 deg. C

2.0 2.0
15k 56k 150k 300k
1.5 1 1.5
10 102 103 104 105 0 1000 2000 3000 4000
Discharge duration time (h) Discharge duration time (h)

 Pulse Discharge Characteristics  Relationship between Discharge Current and Discharge Capacity
Temperature: 20 deg. C Final voltage: 2.0V
3.5

600

Discharge capacity (mAh)


1 M continuous 45 deg. C
3.0
Voltage (V)

300 5 sec. 500


2.5
20 deg. C
1M
–20 deg. C
2.0 400
300 5 sec. –10 deg. C

1.5 300
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 101 102 103
Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge current (A)

CR2430 (290mAh)

 Discharge Characteristics  Temperature Characteristics


Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 15 k
3.5 3.5
45 deg. C
20 deg. C
3.0 3.0
Voltage (V)
Voltage (V)

2.5 2.5 0 deg. C


–10 deg. C

2.0 2.0
15k 56k 150k 300k
1.5 1 1.5
10 102 103 104 105 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600
Discharge duration time (h) Discharge duration time (h)

 Pulse Discharge Characteristics  Relationship between Discharge Current and Discharge Capacity
Temperature: 20 deg. C Final voltage: 2.0V
3.5 350
45 deg. C
Discharge capacity (mAh)

3.0 1 M continuous 300


Voltage (V)

20 deg. C
300 5 sec.
2.5 250
–10 deg. C
1M
2.0 200 –20 deg. C
300 5 sec.

1.5 150
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 101 102 103
Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge current (A)

7
LITHIUM MANGANESE DIOXIDE BATTERY

CR2032H (240mAh)

 Discharge Characteristics  Temperature Characteristics


Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 15 k
3.5 3.5
20 deg. C 60 deg. C

3.0 3.0
Voltage (V)

Voltage (V)
0 deg. C
2.5 2.5
–10 deg. C

2.0 2.0
15k 150k 300k 1M
1.5 1.5
101 102 103 104 105 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400
Discharge duration time (h) Discharge duration time (h)

 Pulse Discharge Characteristics  Relationship between Discharge Current and Discharge Capacity
Temperature: 20 deg. C Final voltage: 2.0V
3.5 250
45 deg. C

Discharge capacity (mAh)


1 M continuous
3.0
200 –10 deg. C
20 deg. C
Voltage (V)

300 5 sec.
2.5
–20 deg. C
1M 150
2.0
300 5 sec.

1.5 100
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 101 102 103
Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge current (A)

CR2032 (220mAh)

 Discharge Characteristics  Temperature Characteristics


Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 15 k
3.5 3.5
60 deg. C
20 deg. C
3.0 3.0
Voltage (V)
Voltage (V)

0 deg. C 0 deg. C
2.5 2.5 –10 deg. C
–10 deg. C
2.0 2.0 20 deg. C
15kΩ
15k 150kΩ
150k 300k kΩ Ω
3001M
1M
60 deg. C
1.5 1.5
101 102 103 104 105 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400
Discharge duration time (h) Discharge duration time (h)

 Pulse Discharge Characteristics  Relationship between Discharge Current and Discharge Capacity
Temperature: 20 deg. C Final voltage: 2.0V
3.5 250
45 deg. C
Discharge capacity (mAh)

1 M continuous
3.0
200
Voltage (V)

20 deg. C
300 5sec
2.5

1M 150 –20 deg. C


2.0
–10 deg. C
300 5 sec.

1.5 100
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 101 102 103 104
Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge current (A)

8
CR Coin Type Lithium Manganese Dioxide Battery

CR2025 (170mAh)

 Discharge Characteristics  Temperature Characteristics


Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 15 k
3.5 3.5
60 deg. C
3.0 3.0 20 deg. C

Voltage (V)
Voltage (V)

2.5 2.5 0 deg. C


–10 deg. C

2.0 2.0

15k 150k 300k 1M


1.5 1.5
101 102 103 104 105 0 200 400 600 800 1000
Discharge duration time (h) Discharge duration time (h)

 Pulse Discharge Characteristics  Relationship between Discharge Current and Discharge Capacity
Temperature: 20 deg. C Final voltage: 2.0V
3.5 200
45 deg. C

Discharge capacity (mAh)


1M continuous
3.0 20 deg. C
150
Voltage (V)

300 5 sec.
2.5
–10 deg. C
–20 deg. C
1M 100
2.0
300 5 sec.

1.5 50 1
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 10 102 103
Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge current (A)

CR2016 (90mAh)

 Discharge Characteristics  Temperature Characteristics


Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 15 k
3.5 3.5
45 deg. C
20 deg. C
3.0 3.0
Voltage (V)
Voltage (V)

2.5 2.5 0 deg. C


–10 deg. C

2.0 2.0
39k 390k 1M 2.7M

1.5 1.5
101 102 103 104 105 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
Discharge duration time (h) Discharge duration time (h)

 Pulse Discharge Characteristics  Relationship between Discharge Current and Discharge Capacity
Temperature: 20 deg. C Final voltage: 2.0V
3.5 100
45 deg. C 20 deg. C
Discharge capacity (mAh)

1 M continuous
3.0
80
Voltage (V)

2.5 300 5 sec. –10 deg. C


–20 deg. C
1M 60
2.0
300 5 sec.

1.5 40
0 20 40 60 80 101 102 103
Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge current (A)

9
LITHIUM MANGANESE DIOXIDE BATTERY

CR2012 (50mAh)

 Discharge Characteristics  Temperature Characteristics


Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 15 k
3.5 3.5
45 deg. C
20 deg. C
3.0 3.0

Voltage (V)
Voltage (V)

2.5 2.5 0 deg. C


–10 deg. C

2.0 2.0
56k 560k 1.8M3.9M

1.5 1.5
101 102 103 104 105 0 100 200 300
Discharge duration time (h) Discharge duration time (h)

 Pulse Discharge Characteristics  Relationship between Discharge Current and Discharge Capacity
Temperature: 20 deg. C Final voltage: 2.0V
3.5 60
45 deg. C

Discharge capacity (mAh)


1 M continuous
3.0 20 deg. C
40
Voltage (V)

2.5 300 5 sec. –10 deg. C


–20 deg. C
1M 20
2.0
300 5 sec.

1.5 0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 101 102 103
Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge current (A)

CR1620 (80mAh)

 Discharge Characteristics  Temperature Characteristics


Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 30 k
3.5 3.5
60 deg. C
20 deg. C
3.0 3.0
Voltage (V)

Voltage (V)

2.5 2.5 –10 deg. C 0 deg. C

2.0 2.0
30k 300k 1M 3M
1.5 1 1.5
10 102 103 104 105 0 200 400 600 800 1000
Discharge duration time (h) Discharge duration time (h)

 Pulse Discharge Characteristics  Relationship between Discharge Current and Discharge Capacity
Temperature: 20 deg. C Final voltage: 2.0V
3.5 90
45 deg. C
20 deg. C
Discharge capacity (mAh)

80
1 M continuous
3.0
70
Voltage (V)

2.5 300 5 sec. 60

1M 50
2.0 –20 deg. C
–10 deg. C
40
300 5 sec.

1.5 30
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 101 102 103
Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge current (A)

10
CR Coin Type Lithium Manganese Dioxide Battery

CR1616 (55mAh)

 Discharge Characteristics  Temperature Characteristics


Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 30 k
3.5 3.5
45 deg. C
20 deg. C
3.0 3.0

Voltage (V)
Voltage (V)

2.5 2.5 0 deg. C


–10 deg. C

2.0 2.0
56k 560k 1.5M 3.9M

1.5 1.5
101 102 103 104 105 0 100 200 300 400 500 600
Discharge duration time (h) Discharge duration time (h)

 Pulse Discharge Characteristics  Relationship between Discharge Current and Discharge Capacity
Temperature: 20 deg. C Final voltage: 2.0V
3.5 80

Discharge capacity (mAh)


1 M continuous 45 deg. C
3.0 60 20 deg. C
Voltage (V)

2.5 300 5 sec. 40

1M –20 deg. C


2.0 20 –10 deg. C

300 5 sec.
1.5 0 1
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 10 102 103
Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge current (A)

CR1220 (36mAh)

 Discharge Characteristics  Temperature Characteristics


Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 30 k
3.5 4.0

45 deg. C
3.0 20 deg. C
3.0
Voltage (V)
Voltage (V)

2.5
0 deg. C
–10 deg. C
2.0 2.0
82k 820k 2.2M 5.6M

1.5 1.0
101 102 103 104 105 0 100 200 300 400
Discharge duration time (h) Discharge duration time (h)

 Pulse Discharge Characteristics  Relationship between Discharge Current and Discharge Capacity
Temperature: 20 deg. C Final voltage: 2.0V
3.5
40 45 deg. C
Discharge capacity (mAh)

1 M continuous
3.0 20 deg. C
Voltage (V)

30
2.5
300 5 sec. –20 deg. C
1M
20 –10 deg. C
2.0
300 5 sec.

1.5 10 1
0 10 20 30 40 10 102 103
Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge current (A)

11
LITHIUM MANGANESE DIOXIDE BATTERY

CR1216 (25mAh)

 Discharge Characteristics  Temperature Characteristics


Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 30 k
3.5 3.5
45 deg. C 20 deg. C
3.0 3.0
Voltage (V)

Voltage (V)
2.5 2.5 0 deg. C
–10 deg. C

2.0 2.0
120k 1.2M 3.6M

1.5 1.5
101 102 103 104 105 0 100 200 300
Discharge duration time (h) Discharge duration time (h)

 Pulse Discharge Characteristics  Relationship between Discharge Current and Discharge Capacity
Temperature: 20 deg. C Final voltage: 2.0V
3.5
45 deg. C
20 deg. C

Discharge capacity (mAh)


30
1 M continuous
3.0
Voltage (V)

20
2.5 300 5 sec.
–10 deg. C
1M –20 deg. C
2.0 10

300 5 sec.

1.5 0 1
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 10 102 103
Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge current (A)

CR1025 (30mAh)

 Discharge Characteristics  Temperature Characteristics


Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 18 k
3.5 3.5

45 deg. C
20 deg. C
3.0 3.0
Voltage (V)
Voltage (V)

2.5 2.5
10 deg. C

2.0 2.0
100k 1M 2.2M 6.8M –10 deg. C

1.5 1.5
101 102 103 104 105 0 100 200
Discharge duration time (h) Duration (h)

 Pulse Discharge Characteristics  Relationship between Discharge Current and Discharge Capacity
Temperature: 20 deg. C Final voltage: 2.0V
3.5 40
45 deg. C
Discharge capacity (mAh)

20 deg. C
1 M continuous
3.0 30
Voltage (V)

2.5 20
600 5 sec. 10 deg. C
1M –10 deg. C
2.0 10
600 5 sec.

1.5 0 1
0 10 20 30 10 102 103
Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge current (A)

12
CR
External Dimensions (unit : mm)
Coin Type Lithium Manganese Dioxide Battery
with Terminals and Wire Connectors

CR2450 T25S CR2032 T6 CR2032 T6LES CR2032 T14

0.75
Insulation sleeve 4.5

0.75
ø24.5

10.16

10.16
ø20
ø20

ø20
4.0
25 10.6

5.1 4
1.3

20.3

4.1
21 4 20.6
4 4 4
4

(–) (+)

4.8
0.75 0.2 17.8 0.2
4.1

4.8

4.5
4.5
4

4.5
4
4.5

4.5
(–) (+) (–) (+)

4
(–) (+) 0.2 0.2
0.2 0.75 1.8 4
20.5
0.75 20.5 1.8 15.24

Actual appearance Actual appearance

CR2032 T15 CR2032 T16 CR2032 T19 CR2032 T23


Insulation sleeve
Insulation sleeve 5.5

4.5

0.75
0.75

4.5

4
ø20

ø20
ø20

ø20
4
4

3
4.8 5
3 4
21
4 20.5 1.3 4 20.5
21 4
4.1

5.5
6.5

5
4.5
4.5

(–) (+)
4

(–) (+)
4

(–) (+) (–) (+)


0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
0.75 20 0.75
0.2 16 1.5 18.5
15.2 4

CR2032 T25 CR2032 T5 CR2032 T20 CR2032 T33


Insulation sleeve
1.8

4.5
(+) Insulation sleeve
0.75
0.75

7.45
ø20

(–)
1.5

3
3.0

(+) (–)
10.16
ø20

10.16

ø20
ø20

3.0

5.0
6.5 5 7
0.75
4.0

4.0
20.3
4.0

(–) (–)
4.0
1.3

4.2

(+)
4.0
8.5

(+)
4

5
4

(–) (+)
10.16

0.75 0.2
4 17.8

Actual appearance

13
L I T H I U M MANGANESE DIOXIDE BATTERY

External Dimensions (unit : mm)


CR2032 T7 CR2032 T17 CR2032 T26 CR2032 T34
Insulation sleeve
Insulation sleeve
ø20
ø20 ø20

Insulation sleeve

3.7
(+)

0.2
2

7.5
(–)

4.5

0.2
(+) (–)

4
4.5
21 5
4

4
(–) (+) (+) (–) (+) (–) 3.7
0.75 3.5 1.5
4 0.75 0.2 1.8 0.75 0.2 0.2
10.16

1.8
6 3.7 4 4 3.7
10.5

0.75

10.2
ø20

0.75
4
4
1.5

Actual appearance

CR2032 WK11 CR2032 WK12 CR2032 WK13 CR2032 WK14


Insulation sleeve
34 Insulation sleeve 34 Insulation sleeve 22
34 Insulation sleeve
(–)
(+) (–)

20.2
(+)
20.2

5
20.2

(+) (+)
20.2
(–) (–) (–) (+)
70 180 35 65
(+) (+) (+)

(–) (–) (–)


4.5
4.5

(+)
4.5

Adhesive tape Adhesive tape Adhesive tape

(–) (–) (–)

4.9
(–)
12
12

(+)
12

(+) (+)
Lead wire
Lead wire Lead wire 12 Lead wire
12 12

Housing: DF3-4S-2C (Hirose)


Housing: DF13-2S-1.25C (Hirose) Housing: DF13-2S-1.25C (Hirose) Housing: DF13-2S-1.25C (Hirose)
Contact: DF3-2428SCF (Hirose)
Contact: DF13-2630SCF (Hirose) Contact: DF13-2630SCF (Hirose) Contact: DF13-2630SCF (Hirose)
Wire: AWG26
Wire: AWG28 Wire: AWG28 Wire: AWG28

CR2032 WK15 CR1616 T CR1220 T4

34 Insulation sleeve
Insulation sleeve
ø12.5
ø1.5
(+)
1.8
20.2

(–) (+) (–)


ø16

60
(+) (–)
(+) 3
1.5

(–) 2.3
4.5

Adhesive tape
3.5

2.7

(+) (–)
(–) 13 11.5 0.75 0.2
0.2
0.2
12

(+) (+) 3.25


4 2.5

10 (–)
12 Lead wire

Housing: DF13-2S-1.25C (Hirose)


Contact: DF13-2630SCF (Hirose)
Wire: AWG28

: Tin plating
: Horizontal & Through hole Type
: Horizontal & Surface mounting Type
: Vertical & Through hole Type
: Wire connector Type

14
CR Heat Resistant Coin Type Lithium Manganese Dioxide Battery

Overview
Maxell’s original sealing technology and highly heat-resistant material expands operating temperature range remarkably,
making the batteries supremely suitable for automobile applications — for powering TPMS (Tire Pressure Monitoring System)
sensors, for example.

Products Fig. 2 Storage Characteristics under High Temperature/Humidity


Model CR2450HR CR2450HR-Ex 1400

Calculated DC resistance (%)


Nominal Voltage (V) 3 3

(Compared to pre-storage)
1200
Nominal Capacity (mAh)** 550 525 1000
Other CR
Nominal Discharge Current (mA) 0.2 0.2 800
Operating Temperature Range (deg. C) –40 to +125 –40 to +125 (max.150)
600
Acceleration Resistance Max. 2000G*** Heat resistant CR (HR)
400
Diameter (mm) 24.5
Dimensions* Height (mm) 5.0 200
Heat resistant CR (HR-Ex)
Weight (g)* 6.8 0
0 50 100 150 200
* Dimensions and weight are for the battery itself, but may vary Storage time (days, at 60 deg. C/90%)
depending on terminal specifications and other factors. Very little deterioration in internal resistance due to high humidity (60 deg. C/90%RH),
** Nominal capacity indicates duration until the voltage drops down compared to other CR batteries.
to 2.0V when discharged at a nominal discharge current at 20 deg. C.
*** Equivalent to acceleration when driving at 300km/h, when Fig. 3 High Rate Discharge Characteristics
attached to a 17-inch wheel
• Data and dimensions are just reference values. For further details, CR2450HR
3.5
please contact your nearest Maxell dealer or distributor. 20 deg. C
3.0
Features 2.5
Voltage (V)

Wide operating temperature range: -40 deg. C to +125 deg. C 2.0


1k 3.9k 15k
CR2450HR-Ex batteries can even be used at temperatures 1.5
up to 150 deg. C, depending on other conditions*.
Superior leak-resistant characteristics even under high 1.0

temperature and acceleration. 0.5


Can be used even under 2000G, which is equivalent to 0
driving at 300km/h. 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500

Electric characteristics are maintained after long Discharge duration time (h)

periods of exposure to high temperature and humidity. External Dimensions (unit : mm)
*When using CR2450HR and/or CR2450HR-Ex at temperatures
exceeding 85 deg. C, please consult Maxell in advance for CR2450HR T43
conditions of use. (5.0)

Construction
2.8
φ24.5

Negative Electrode (Lithium)


2-C0.5
Separator Gasket
3.5
25
10.6
3.5

− + (0.2)
: Tin plating
1.8 20.5

Positive Electrode (MnO2)


: Horizontal & Through
hole Type

Fig. 1 Storage Characteristics under High Temperatures Applications


120  TPMS (Tire-Pressure Monitoring System)
 ETC (Electronic Toll Collection System)
Capacity retention ratio (%)

100
Heat resistant CR (HR, HR-Ex)  Set-Top Boxes
80
 OA Machines (Fax, Copiers, Printers)
60  Notebook PCs
40
Other CR
 Desktop PCs
 Medical Instruments, Cash Registers
20  FA Instruments (Measuring Instruments, Onboard
0 Microcomputers, Sensors)
0 50 100 150
Storage time (days, at 80 deg. C)
200
 Electronic Meters (Water, Gas, Electricity)
Very little deterioration in capacity due to high storage temperature of 80 deg. C,
compared to other CR batteries.
15
LITHIUM MANGANESE DIOXIDE BATTERY

CR2450HR (550mAh)

 Discharge Characteristics  Temperature Characteristics


Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 15 k
3.5
3.5
80 deg. C
3.0
60 deg. C
3.0 2.5 20 deg. C

Voltage (V)
Voltage (V)

100 deg. C
2.0
2.5 –10 deg. C
1.5

1.0
2.0
3.9k 15k 150k 300k
0.5
1.5 0.0
1 101 102 103 104 105 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500
Discharge duration time (h) Discharge duration time (h)

 Pulse Discharge Characteristics  Relationship between Discharge Current and Discharge Capacity
Temperature: 20 deg. C Final voltage: 2.0V
3.5 600
60 deg. C/80 deg. C
3.3 100 deg. C

Discharge capacity (mAh)


500
3.1 1M continuous 20 deg. C
2.9 400
Voltage (V)

2.7
2.5 300 5 sec 300
–10 deg. C
2.3
1M 200
2.1
1.9 300 5 sec 100
1.7
1.5 0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 0.1 1 10
Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge current (mA)

CR2450HR-Ex (525mAh)

 Discharge Characteristics  Temperature Characteristics


Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 15 k
3.5 3.5
20 deg. C
3.0
3.0
2.5 –10 deg. C
100 deg. C
Voltage (V)
Voltage (V)

2.0
2.5 60 deg. C 80 deg. C
1.5

1.0
2.0
3.9k 15k 150k 300k
0.5

1.5 0.0
1 101 102 103 104 105 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500
Discharge duration time (h) Discharge duration time (h)

 Pulse Discharge Characteristics  Relationship between Discharge Current and Discharge Capacity
Temperature: 20 deg. C Final voltage: 2.0V
3.5 600
80 deg. C
3.3
500
Discharge capacity (mAh)

60 deg. C
3.1 1M continuous
2.9 100 deg. C
400
Voltage (V)

2.7 20 deg. C
2.5 300 5sec 300
2.3 –10 deg. C
1M 200
2.1
1.9 300 5sec 100
1.7
1.5 0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 0.1 1 10
Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge current (mA)

16
CR Cylindrical Lithium Manganese Dioxide Battery

Overview
The cylindrical lithium manganese dioxide battery (CR battery) features high capacity and excellent load characteristics due to
Maxell’s unique winding method and improved electrical-conductivity structures. Because of its high-reliability, this battery is
ideal for industrial use in, for example, security equipment and the power source of electronic meters.

Products Construction
Positive Terminal
Model CR17450 CR17335 Gas Release Vent
Gasket Collector
Nominal Voltage (V) 3 3 Laser Seal (Copper Foil)

Nominal Capacity (mAh)** 2600 1750

Nominal Discharge Current (mA) 5 5 Negative


Electrode Separator
(Lithium)
Operating Temperature Range (deg. C) –40 to +85 –40 to +85
Collector
Positive Electrode
Dimensions* Diameter (mm) X Height (mm) 17 X 45 17 X 33.5 (MnO2)

Weight (g)* 22 16 Negative Can

* Dimensions and weight are for the battery itself, but may vary
depending on terminal specifications and other factors.
** Nominal capacity indicates duration until the voltage drops
down to 2.0V when discharged at a nominal discharge current
at 20 deg. C.
Features
High capacity batteries
Principle and Reactions
Maxell’s unique winding method and effective utilization of
The cylindrical lithium manganese dioxide battery uses positive and negative electrodes realize high capacity.
manganese dioxide (MnO2) as its positive active material, Low self-discharge rate and long battery life
and lithium (Li) as its negative active material. A laser seal structure ensures air tightness. Minimized
Battery Reactions electrode surface areas reduce the self-discharge rate.
+ Superior storage characteristics
Positive reaction: MnO2Li e– 씮 MnOOLi The optimization of positive materials and employment of a
+
Negative reaction: Li 씮 Li e– high-reliability sealing structure stabilize pulse discharge
Total reaction: MnO2Li 씮 MnOOLi characteristics over a wide usable temperature range after
long-time storage or discharge.

Applications
 Security Devices  Electronic Meters (Water, Gas, Electricity)
 Home Fire/Smoke Alarms  Memory Backup Power

External Dimensions (unit : mm)


CR17450 VO-T3 CR17450 WK 41 CR17335 VO-T3 CR17335 WK 11
0.75

0.75

4.5
4.5
(−) (−)
(+) (+)
4

4
4
0.3

Insulation sleeve
Insulation sleeve
0.3

36.5
48±2

( 33.5 )
( 45 )

0.3

50
0.3

50
ø17
0.75
0.75

4.5
ø17

4.5
4

Housing : PHR-2(JST) Housing : PHR-2(JST)


4

Contact : SPH-002T-P0.5S(JST) 4 Contact : SPH-002T-P0.5S(JST)


4 Lead Wire : AWG26 Lead Wire : AWG26

: Tin plating : Horizontal & Through hole Type : Wire connector Type

17
LITHIUM MANGANESE DIOXIDE BATTERY

CR17450 (2600mAh)

 Discharge Characteristics  Temperature Characteristics


Temperature: 20 deg. C Continuous discharge at 40mA
3.4 3.4

3.2 3.2
5mA 50 deg. C
3.0 3.0
Voltage (V)

Voltage (V)
2.8 2.8
40mA 20 deg. C
2.6 2.6

2.4 100mA 2.4


300mA –10 deg. C 0 deg. C
2.2 2.2
200mA
2.0 2.0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000
Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge capacity (mAh)

 Pulse Discharge Characteristics  Storage Characteristics


Minimum voltage for 0.1 second of 300 mA pulse discharge Discharge current: 5mA, Discharge temperature.: 20 deg.C
3.4
3.4
Temperature: 20 deg. C 3.2
3.2
Initial batteries
3.0 3.0
Voltage (V)
Voltage (V)

2.8 2.8

2.6 2.6 Batteries stored for


10 equivalent years**
2.4 Storage period 2.4
0 year
2.2 5 equivalent years* 2.2 Batteries stored for
10 equivalent years** 4 equivalent years*
2.0 2.0
0 20 40 60 80 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000
Discharge capacity (mAh)
Depth of discharge (%) 2600 mAh: 100%
*After storage for 28 days at 80 deg. C **After storage for 57 days at 80 deg. C *After storage for 22 days at 80 deg. C, **After storage for 57 day's at 80 deg. C

CR17335 (1750mAh)

 Discharge Characteristics  Temperature Characteristics


Temperature: 20 deg. C Continuous discharge at 30mA
3.4 3.4

3.2 3.2
5mA 20 deg. C
3.0 3.0
Voltage (V)

Voltage (V)

2.8 2.8
30mA
2.6 2.6

2.4 2.4
100mA
2.2 200mA 2.2 0 deg. C
–10 deg. C
2.0 2.0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 0 500 1000 1500 2000
Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge capacity (mAh)

 Pulse Discharge Characteristics  Storage Characteristics


Minimum voltage for 0.1 second of 30 mA pulse discharge Discharge current: 5mA, Discharge temperature.: 20 deg. C
3.4
3.4
Temperature: 20 deg. C 3.2
3.3
Initial
3.0
3.2
Voltage (V)
Voltage (V)

3.1 2.8

3.0 2.6
Batteries stored for
Storage period 2.4 10 equivalent years*
2.9 0 year
2.8 5 equivalent years* 2.2
10 equivalent years**
2.7 2.0
0 20 40 60 80 0 500 1000 1500 2000
Discharge capacity (mAh)
Depth of discharge (%) 1750 mAh: 100%
*After storage for 28 days at 80 deg. C **After storage for 57 days at 80 deg. C *After storage for 57 days at 80 deg. C

18
ER
Lithium Thionyl
Chloride Battery (Li/SOCI2)
With Terminals and Wire Connectors
(ER18/50 / ER17/50 / ER6 / ER6C / ER17/33 / ER3 / ER3S)

LITHIUM THIONYL CHLORIDE BATTERY

19
Safety Instructions
This battery is a high energy density sealed battery containing dangerous (Lithium) and deleterious (Thionyl Chloride) materials. For
this reason, improper handling of the battery could lead to distortion, leakage*, overheating, explosion, fire, or generation of
irritating/corrosive gases, causing bodily injury or equipment trouble. Please observe the following instructions to prevent accidents.
For from your customers to your industrial waste processors (including recycled processor), please have them fully understand
these instructions.
(* Leakage is defined as the unintentional escape of a liquid from a battery.)

Never deform.
Warnings Handling
Deforming could cause leakage, overheating, explosion, fire, or
Do not recharge generation of irritating/corrosive gases.

Never swallow. Never reverse the positive and negative terminals when
mounting.
Always keep the battery out of the reach of infants and young
Improper mounting of the battery could lead to short-circuiting,
children to prevent it from being swallowed. If swallowed, consult a
charging or forced-discharging. This could cause distortion,
physician immediately.
leakage, overheating, explosion, fire, or generation of
Never apply an excessive force to the positive terminal. irritating/corrosive gases.
Because the positive terminal is sealed by a glass, subjecting this
Never use different batteries together.
area to sudden jolts and excessive force (over 19.6 N) could destroy
Using different batteries together, i.e. different type or used and new
the glass seal. This could cause leakage and the generation of
or different manufacturer could cause distortion, leakage,
irritating/corrosive gases.
overheating, explosion, fire, or generation of irritating/corrosive
Never drop. gases because of the differences in battery property. If using two or
Dropping the battery could destroy the glass seal leading to leakage more batteries connected in series or in parallel even same batteries,
and the generation of irritating/corrosive gases. please consult with Maxell before using.
Never weld the terminals or weld a wire to the body of the Never allow liquid leaking from the battery to get in your eyes
battery directly. or mouth.
The heat of welding or soldering could cause the lithium to melt, or Because this liquid could cause serious damage, if it does come in
cause damage to the insulating material in the battery, leading to contact with your eyes, flush them immediately with plenty of water
possible distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire, or and consult a physician. Likewise, If the liquid gets in your mouth,
generation of irritating/corrosive gases. When soldering the battery rinse immediately with plenty of water and consult a physician.
directly to equipment, solder only the tabs or leads. Even then, the
Never touch the battery electrodes.
temperature of the soldering iron must be below 350 deg. C and the
Do not allow the battery electrodes to come in contact with your skin
soldering time less than 5 seconds. Do not use a soldering bath,
or fingers. Otherwise, the moisture from your skin could cause a
because the circuit board with battery attached could stop moving
discharge of the battery, which could produce certain chemical
or the battery could drop into the bath. Moreover do not use
substances causing you to receive a chemical burns.
excessive solder, because the solder could flow to unwanted
portions of the board, leading to a short-circuit or charging of the
battery.
Never short-circuit the battery. Warnings Circuit Design for Back-up Use

Do not allow the positive and negative terminals to short-circuit. This is a primary battery and cannot be charged. If used in memory
Never carry or store the battery with metal objects such as a or RTC back-up applications, be sure to use diodes to prevent
necklace or a hairpin. Do not take multiple batteries out of the charging from the main power source or other batteries, and a
package and pile or mix them when storing. Otherwise, this could protective resistor to regulate the current as shown in the figure
lead to distortion, leakage, overheating, and explosion of the battery. below. Note that the points described below should be taken into
Never charge. careful consideration when selecting diodes and protective resistors.
The battery is not designed to be charged by any other electrical
source. Charging could generate gas and internal short-circuiting, Diode Diode
+5V Load +5V Load
leading to distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, fire, or
generation of irritating/corrosive gases. Diode
Diode
Never forcibly discharge. Diode
Protective
Forcibly discharging by an external power source or other batteries resistor Protective
resistor
could cause the voltage to fall below 0V (reversing the poles),
generating gas inside the battery and leading to distortion, leakage, Battery Battery
overheating, explosion, fire, or generation of irritating/corrosive gases.
Never heat. Example (A) Example (B)
Heating the battery to more than 100 deg. C could increase the
internal pressure, causing distortion, leakage, overheating,
explosion, fire, or generation of irritating/corrosive gases. Supplied voltage to load
Because a diode and a resistor generate the voltage drop on
Never expose to open flames.
operating, please take into consideration these voltage drops for
Exposing to flames could cause the lithium metal to melt, causing
supplied voltage to load.
the battery to catch on fire and explode.
Using diodes to prevent charging
Never disassemble the battery.
Please choose diodes with leak current of no more than 0.5μA.
Disassembly could generate the irritating/corrosive gases. In
addition, the lithium metal inside the battery could overheat, leading
to catch on fire.

20
ER Lithium Thionyl Chloride Battery

Using and setting protective resistors Storage


A protective resistor is used to Avoiding storing the battery in direct sunlight, or in excessively hot
Type Maximum Current
prevent the battery from being and humid locations, and store it out of the way of rainwater and
ER18/50 125μA
charged by large surges of current other adverse environmental elements.
ER17/50 125μA
during diode failure. Please set Bundling
ER6 100μA
the resistor so that the maximum When bundling the battery with a product, be sure to use
ER6C 100μA
current shown in the right table is cushioning and other packing to protect the battery (and especially
ER17/33 70μA
not exceeded. For example, say the positive terminal) from jolts and shocks during transportation.
ER3 50μA
an ER6 battery is used in sample 40μA
ER3S
circuit A in combination with a
main power source 5 volt. Since the permitted charge current is
100μA and this battery’s voltage is 3.6V, let the resistor be R>
=
(5V-3.6V)/100μA=14k ohm, meaning that at least 14k ohm is
required.

Note: If the diodes broke down, it is necessary for safety to replace


them as soon as possible even though using a protective resistor.
Considering the trouble of diodes and resistors, other safety
measures should be incorporated in the circuit design.

Warnings Disposal
The battery may be regulated by
national or local regulation. Please Tape
follow the instructions of proper
regulation. As electric capacity is +
left in a discarded battery and it
comes into contact with other
metals, it could lead to distortion,
leakage, overheating, or explosion, –
so make sure to cover the (+) and
(-) terminals with friction tape or Tape
some other insulator before
(Example of battery insulation)
disposal.

Caution Handling
Minimum transient voltage
The various tests have shown that the minimum transient voltage is
influenced greatly by the actual conditions of use and storage
Therefore, please design your circuits using no more than the
standard discharge current, taking into account the voltage drop due
to the minimum transient voltage. Please consult with Maxell
beforehand if you are unsure of anything.
Installing, removing, and disposing of batteries
1) When installing a battery in a device, make sure that the positive
terminal is facing up, or at least to the side. As this battery uses
liquid thionyl chloride as the positive active material, placing the
positive terminal at the bottom will cause the thionyl chloride to
become maldistributed, which could prevent the needed
performance from being obtained when a large amount of current is
used.
2) Please have the installation, removal, and disposal of this battery
performed by a technician with a thorough understanding of the
Warnings and Cautions on handling.

21
LITHIUM THIONYL CHLORIDE BATTERY

The ER battery is for industrial use only.


When replacement is necessary, please contact the manufacturer of your equipment.

Overview
This battery is ideal for such long-term applications as power for electronic devices and electric power, water, and gas meters,
and especially as a backup power source for memory ICs.

Products
Model ER18/50 ER17/50 ER6 ER6C ER17/33 ER3 ER3S

Nominal Voltage (V) 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6

Nominal Capacity (mAh)** 3,650 2,750 2,000 1,800 1,600 1,100 790

Nominal Discharge Current (μA) 125 125 100 100 75 40 35

Operating Temperature Range (deg. C) –55 to +85 –55 to +85 –55 to +85 –55 to +85 –55 to +85 –55 to +85 –55 to +85
Diameter (mm) 18 17 14.5 14.5 17.0 14.5 14.5
Dimensions* Height (mm) 52.6 52.6 53.5 51 35 29.9 26
Weight (g)* 22 20 15 15 13 8 7

* Dimensions and weight are for the battery itself, but may vary depending on terminal specifications and other factors.
** Nominal capacity indicates duration until the voltage drops down to 3.0V when discharged at a nominal discharge current at 20 deg. C.
• Data and dimensions are just reference values. For further details, please contact your nearest Maxell dealer or distributor.

Construction Principle and Reactions


The lithium thionyl chloride battery uses liquid thionyl
chloride (SOCl2) as its positive active material, and lithium
(+)
Resin Seal
Positive (Li) as its negative active material. The reactions of the
Terminal
Melt Seal
battery are shown below.
Metal Lid

Glass Seal

Metal Can

Negative Top Lid


Electrode Battery Reactions
+ -
Separator
Positive
Positive reaction: 2SOCl2+4Li +4e 씮4LiCl+S+SO2
Positive Collector + -
Electrode Negative reaction: Li씮Li +e
Bottom
Insulator
Total reaction: 2SOCl2+4Li씮4LiCl+S+SO2
Negative
Terminal
(–)

Features
High 3.6-V voltage
The lithium thionyl chloride battery achieves a high voltage of 3.6 V.
Flat discharge characteristics
The change of internal resistance during discharge is minimal,
allowing for flat discharge voltage until end of discharge life.
High energy density
Provides high energy density of 970m Wh/cm3 with discharge current of 100μA (ER6 type).
Wide usable temperature range
Can be used over a wide temperature range : - 55 deg. C to +85 deg. C (please consult with
Maxell if using in temperatures of -40 deg. C or less).
Superior long-term reliability
The extremely low self-discharge, together with the use of a hermetic seal, allows for stable
use over long periods.

22
ER Lithium Thionyl Chloride Battery

Minimum transient voltage


The lithium thionyl chloride battery has remarkably lower self-discharge when compared with conventional batteries. This is
because a lithium chloride membrane is formed over the negative lithium surface, blocking reaction with the positive material.
When first discharging after storage, resistance from this lithium chloride membrane may temporarily reduce the voltage at the
initiation of discharge. The lowest voltage at this time is called minimum transient voltage, and the lower the temperature, and
the larger the discharge current, the lower the voltage will be. Because minimum transient voltage is greatly influenced by
storage time and conditions, it is necessary to take this into sufficient consideration when designing a device.
ER6
4

3.5

Minimum Transient Voltage (V)


Open Circuit
Initial Usage

3
Voltage

Voltage

Minimum Transient Voltage 2.5


Time

Time 2

1.5 20 deg C
–10 deg C
1 –40 deg C

0.5 After 3 months at 20 deg. C


0
103 104
Discharge load (ohm)
The figure above shows minimum transient voltage using a
fresh battery.

Relationship between Discharge Load and Operating Voltage Storage Characteristics


The operating voltage of a battery falls as the discharge The lithium thionyl chloride battery is made from chemically
load increases and temperature falls. In the case of initial stable inorganic materials. Additionally, a sealing method
use, an electric potential of at least 3 V will be maintained employing a laser-welded seal structure and hermetic seal
even at temperatures of -40 deg. C at discharge of less hinders the admittance of outside air. These features
than 1 mA. ER6 provide superior storage characteristics, holding down
4 self-discharge to no more than 1% of capacity per year at
normal temperatures.
3.5
ER6
3 4

2.5
Operating Voltage (V)

After stored for 200 days at 60 deg. C


3
(equivalent to storage for 10 years at 20 deg. C)
2
Voltage (V)

1.5 20 deg C 2
–10 deg C Initial
1 –40 deg C
1
0.5 Temp:20 deg.C
After 3 months at 20 deg. C discharge current: 100 μA
0 0
103 104 0 25 50 75 100
Discharge load (ohm)
Discharge capacity (%)

UL Recognized Components Applications


The lithium thionyl chloride battery is a UL (Underwriters  OA Machines (Fax, Copiers, Printers)
Laboratories Inc.) recognized component. (Technician  Desktop PCs  PDAs
Replaceable)  Medical Instruments, Cash Registers
 FA Instruments (Measuring Instruments, Onboard
Recognized models: ER18/50, ER17/50, ER6, ER6C, Microcomputers, Sensors)
ER17/33, ER3, ER3S  Electronic Meters (Water, Gas, Electricity)
 ETC (Electronic Toll Collection System)
Certification Number: MH12568

23
LITHIUM THIONYL CHLORIDE BATTERY

ER18/50 (3650mAh)

 Discharge Characteristics  Relationship between Discharge Current and Duration Time


Temperature: 20 deg. C 1,000,000
4.0

3.5
Voltage (V)

3.0

Discharge duration time (h)


2.5
Year
100,000 10
70,000
2.0 7
50,000
1.2mA 120A 24A
5
20 deg. C 4
1.5
10 102 103 104 105 106 3
20,000
Discharge duration time (h) 60 deg. C 2

10,000 1
Temperature: –40 deg. C
7,000
4.0
5,000 0.5
Voltage (V)

2,000
3.0

1,000
10 20 30 50 70 100 200 300 500 1000
2.0 Discharge current (A)
1.2mA 120A 24A

10 102 103 104


Discharge duration time (h)
105 106
 Storage Characteristics
Temperature: 60 deg. C Discharge current: 1.2mA Temperature: 20 deg. C
4.0 4.0
Voltage (V)

3.5
3.0
Voltage (V)

3.0
After stored for 200 days at 60 deg. C*
2.0
2.5

Initial
2.0 1.0
(*Equivalent to storage at 20 deg. C for 10 years)
1.2mA 20A
10 102 103 104 105 106 0
Discharge duration time (h) 0 1000 2000 3000 4000
Discharge duration time (h)

ER17/50 (2750mAh)

 Discharge Characteristics  Relationship between Discharge Current and Duration Time


Temperature: 20 deg. C
4.0 200,000

100,000 Year
Voltage (V)

10
3.0
70,000
7
Discharge duration time (h)

50,000 5
4
2.0
3
1.2mA 120A 24A 20 deg. C
20,000 2
10 102 103 104 105 106
60 deg. C
Discharge duration time (h)

Temperature: –40 deg. C 10,000


1
4.0 7,000

5,000
0.5
Voltage (V)

3.0

2,000
20 30 50 70 100 200 300 500
2.0 Discharge current (A)
1.2mA 120A 24A

10 102 103 104


Discharge duration time (h)
105 106
 Storage Characteristics
Temperature: 60 deg. C Discharge current: 1.2mA Temperature: 20 deg. C
4.0 4.0
Voltage (V)

3.0
Voltage (V)

3.0 Initial
2.0 After stored for 200 days at 60 deg. C*

1.0
2.0
(*Equivalent to storage at 20 deg. C for 10 years)
1.2mA 1 20A
0
10 102 103 104 105 106 0 1000 2000 3000
Discharge duration time (h) Discharge duration time (h)

24
ER Lithium Thionyl Chloride Battery

ER6 (2000mAh)

 Discharge Characteristics  Relationship between Discharge Current and Duration Time


Temperature: 20 deg. C
4.0
100,000
10
70,000 7 Year
Voltage (V)

3.0 50,000 5
4

Discharge duration time (h)


3
20,000
2.0 20 deg. C
1mA 100μA 20μA
2
60 deg. C
1 10 102 103 104 105 10,000
1
Discharge duration time (h) 7,000

5,000 0.5
Temperature: –40 deg. C
4.0

2,000
Voltage (V)

3.0
1,000
20 30 50 70 100 200 300 500
Discharge current (μA)
2.0
1mA 100μA 20μA

 Storage Characteristics
1 10 102 103 104 105
Discharge duration time (h)

Temperature: 60 deg. C Discharge current: 1mA Temperature: 20 deg. C


4.0 Voltage (V) 4.0

3.0
Voltage (V)

3.0

2.0 After stored for 200 days at 60 deg. C* Initial

2.0 1.0
1mA 100μA (*Equivalent to storage at 20 deg. C for 10 years)

1 10 102 103 104 105 0


0 800 1600 2400
Discharge duration time (h)
Discharge duration time (h)

ER6C (1800mAh)

 Discharge Characteristics  Relationship between Discharge Current and Duration Time


Temperature: 20 deg. C
4.0
100,000 Year
10
70,000 7
Voltage (V)

3.0 50,000 5
4
Discharge duration time (h)

3
20,000
2.0 20 deg. C 2
1mA 100 μ A 20 μ A 60 deg. C
1 10 102 103 104 105 10,000
1
Discharge duration time (h)
7,000

5,000 0.5
Temperature: –40 deg. C
4.0

2,000
Voltage (V)

3.0
1,000
20 30 50 70 100 200 300 500
Discharge current (μA)
2.0
1mA 100 μA 20 μ A

1 10 102 103
Discharge duration time (h)
104 105
 Storage Characteristics
Temperature: 60 deg. C Discharge current: 1mA Temperature: 20 deg. C
4.0 4.0

3.0
Voltage (V)
Voltage (V)

3.0
Initial
2.0 After stored for 200 days at 60 deg. C*

2.0 1.0
1mA 100 μ A (*Equivalent to storage at 20 deg. C for 10 years)

1 10 102 103 104 105 0


Discharge duration time (h)
0 800 1600 2400
Discharge duration time (h)

25
LITHIUM THIONYL CHLORIDE BATTERY

ER17/33 (1600mAh)

 Discharge Characteristics  Relationship between Discharge Current and Duration Time


Temperature: 20 deg. C
4.0
100,000 Year
10
70,000 7
Voltage (V)

3.0 50,000 5

Discharge duration time (h)


4
3
20,000
2.0
20 deg. C 2
800A 80A 16A
2 3 4 5
1 10 10 10 10 10 10,000
1
Discharge duration time (h) 7,000
60 deg. C
5,000 0.5
Temperature: –40 deg. C
4.0

2,000
Voltage (V)

3.0

1,000
20 30 50 70 100 200 300 500
Discharge current (A)
2.0
800A 80A 16A

 Storage Characteristics
1 10 102 103 104 105
Discharge duration time (h)

Temperature: 60 deg. C Discharge current: 800μA Temperature: 20 deg. C


4.0 4.0
Voltage (V)

3.0
Voltage (V)

3.0
Initial
2.0 After stored for 200 days at 60 deg. C*

2.0 1.0
800A 80A (*Equivalent to storage at 20 deg. C for 10 years)

1 10 102 103 104 105 0


0 800 1600 2400
Discharge duration time (h)
Discharge duration time (h)

ER3 (1100mAh)

 Discharge Characteristics  Relationship between Discharge Current and Duration Time


Temperature: 20 deg. C
4.0
100,000
10
70,000 7 Year
Voltage (V)

3.0 50,000 5
4
Discharge duration time (h)

3
20,000
2.0
400μA 40μA 8μA 20 deg. C 2

1 10 102 103 104 105 10,000


1
Discharge duration time (h) 7,000

5,000 0.5
Temperature: –40 deg. C 60 deg. C
4.0

2,000
Voltage (V)

3.0

1,000
8 10 30 50 100 200 300 500
Discharge current (μA)
2.0
400μA 40μA 8μA

 Storage Characteristics
1 10 102 103 104 105 106
Discharge duration time (h)

Temperature: 60 deg. C Discharge current: 400μA Temperature: 20 deg. C


4.0 4.0

3.0
Voltage (V)

Voltage (V)

3.0
After stored for 200 days at 60 deg. C*
2.0 Initial

2.0 1.0
400μA 40μA (*Equivalent to storage at 20 deg. C for 10 years)

1 10 102 103 104 105 0


0 1000 2000 3000
Discharge duration time (h) Discharge duration time (h)

26
ER Lithium Thionyl Chloride Battery

ER3S (790mAh)

 Discharge Characteristics  Relationship between Discharge Current and Duration Time


Temperature: 20 deg. C
4.0
100,000
10
70,000 7 Year
Voltage (V)

3.0 50,000 5

Discharge duration time (h)


4
3
20,000
2.0
2
400μA 40μA 8μA
20 deg. C
1 10 102 103 104 105 10,000
1
Discharge duration time (h) 7,000
60 deg. C
5,000 0.5
Temperature: –40 deg. C
4.0

2,000
Voltage (V)

3.0

1,000
8 10 30 50 70 100 200 300 500
Discharge current (μA)
2.0
400μA 40μA 8μA

 Storage Characteristics
1 10 102 103 104 105
Discharge duration time (h)

Temperature: 60 deg. C Discharge current: 400μA Temperature: 20 deg. C


4.0 Voltage (V) 4.0

3.0
Voltage (V)

3.0
After stored for 200 days at 60 deg. C* Initial
2.0

2.0 1.0
400μA 40μA
(*Equivalent to storage at 20 deg. C for 10 years)

1 10 102 103 104 105 0


0 800 1600 2400
Discharge duration time (h)
Discharge duration time (h)

27
With Terminals and Wire Connectors
LITHIUM THIONYL CHLORIDE BATTERY

External Dimensions (unit : mm)


ER18/50 #2 PC ER17/50 #2 PC ER6 #2 PC

ø0.63
ø0.63
ø0.63
6.5 7.5
6 (+)
(+)
(53.6)
53.8

54.7
(52.6)
47.7

ø14.5

(53.5)
53.8
ø18

47.7

47.6
ø17

0.25

0.25
(–)
(–)
0.75

0.75

0.75
6.5
6.5 7.5

ER6K-#17 ER6C #2 PC(2) ER6C WKP

11.5
8.5
3.5 Plastic cap
ø0.63

57.3 100 7.5 Insulation sleeve


(+) 6.0
18

(+)1
(–)2
53.0

45.0

Loop
Hook
(51)

ø14.5
44.5
52

1(+)
2(–)
0.25

ø14.5 100
15.2

(–)
0.75

Housing: XHP-2 (JST)


Contact: SXH-001GH-P0.6 (JST) 7.5

Lead wire: AWG26 Housing: HNC-2.5S-2 (Hirose)


Contact: HNC-2.5S-C-B(0.3) (Hirose)
Lead wire: AWG26

ER17/33 #2 PC ER17/33 WKP ER3 #2 PC ER3 WKP


Plastic cap

2(+)
1(–)
ø0.63

11.5
8.5
8.5

7.5
ø0.63

6.5 100 (+)


5.2 (+)
(+)

55
3.5
1(+)
2(–)
6.0

ø17 Insulation sleeve


(29.9)
36

31.1

31.0
36.2

(35)
30.1

30

ø14.5
24.6

ø17
24

MAX18.2
0.25

0.25

(–)
MAX17
(–)
(–)
0.75

ø14.9
0.75

6.5
Housing: HNC2-2.5S-2 (Hirose)
Contact: HNC-2.5S-C-B(03) (Hirose) Housing: IL-2S-S3L-(N) (JAE)
7.5
Lead wire: AWG26 Contact: IL-C2-1-1000 (JAE)
Lead wire: AWG24

ER3S #2 PC ER3S WKP ER3SR #12


2(+)
1(–)
11.5
8.5
ø0.63

7.5 ø16.4 63
3.5 (+)
90

POS 2(+)
(+) POS 1(–)
6.0

28
29.3
21.9
28.5

(26)
21.3

ø14.5
0.25

MAX17.0
(–)
0.75

ø14.9

7.5
Housing: IL-S-2S-S2C2- S
Housing: 2695-02RP : Tin plating
Contact: 2759 GS
Contact: IL-S-C2-1-10000 : Horizontal & Through hole Type
Lead wire: UL1007 AWG26
Lead wire: AWG26
: Wire connector Type

28
ICP
Lithium Ion
Rechargeable Battery
ICP403450AR / ICP463443SR / ICP463446AR / ICP463450AR /
ICP483640SR / ICP533640SR / ICP553443AR
ICP553446AR / ICP553450SR / ICP653047AS / ICP653443AR /
ICP653450AR / ICP783640SR / ICP803443AR

LITHIUM ION RECHARGEABLE BATTERY

33
Safety Instructions
Improper use of the battery may cause heat, fire, explosion, damage or reduced battery capacity. Please read and follow the handling instructions for the
battery before and during usage. The followings are general cautions and guidelines only and as such may not include every possible usage scenario. The
manufacturer will not be liable for actions taken or accidents caused by any usage not documented below.

Danger Warnings
Do not dip or wet the battery in water, seawater, or other liquid. Do not put the battery in a microwave oven or a pressure cooker.
Otherwise the battery may be shorted, which may generate heat or Sudden heat may damage the seal of the battery and may cause
cause damage. heat generation, explosion or fire.

Do not put the battery into a fire. Otherwise, the electrolyte may Do not use the battery together with a primary battery such as a
burn or cause an explosion. dry battery or other battery of a different capacity, type and/or
brand. In such a case, over-discharge during use or over-charge
Do not heat the battery. Otherwise the electrolyte may boil and during charging may occur and abnormal chemical reactions may
resin parts may melt, causing leakage, explosion or fire. cause heat generation, explosion or fire from the battery.

The battery has a predetermined polarity. If the battery will not If you notice any unusual odor, heat, discoloration, deformation or
connect well to the charger or equipment, do not try to connect the any other characteristic apart from what you are used to while
battery forcefully. Check the polarity first. If the battery is using, charging or storing the battery, then take it out of the
connected in reverse, it will be charged in reverse and may cause equipment or charger, and avoid using it. Using it in such state
leakage, heat generation, explosion or fire due to an abnormal may result in heat generation, explosion or fire.
chemical reaction.
If the battery leaks or emits an unusual odor, remove it from the
Do not connect the battery in reverse relation to the positive (+) vicinity of any fire immediately. The electrolyte may catch fire,
and negative (-) terminals in the charger or equipment. If the which may cause heat generation or explosion.
battery is connected in reverse, it will be charged in reverse,
discharge excessive current and may cause heat generation, Do not let leaked electrolyte come into contact with the eyes. In
explosion or fire due to an abnormal chemical reaction. the event of such contact, flush the eyes with plenty of water
immediately and consult a doctor. Otherwise prolonged contact
Do not let the battery terminals (+ and -) come into contact with a may cause serious injury.
wire or any metal (like a metal necklace or a hairpin) with which it is
carried or stored. In such a case, the battery will be shorted and Caution
discharge excessive current, which may result in heat generation,
explosion or fire. If the battery leaks and its electrolyte comes into contact with skin
or clothes, wash the contact area well with tap water or other clean
Do not apply any heavy impact to the battery, throw or drop it. water right away. Otherwise skin may break out in a rash.
Otherwise the battery may be shorted and result in heat
generation, explosion or fire. When the battery is expected not to be used for a long time, take
the battery out of the equipment or device and store it in a less
Do not drive a nail into, hammer or stamp on the battery. humid area.
Otherwise the battery may be shorted and result in heat
generation, explosion or fire. After long periods of storage without being used, the battery
should be charged before it is used. Charge the battery every 6
Do not solder the battery directly. Heat applied during soldering months to the level specified by the manufacturer, even if the
may melt resin parts such as separator or gasket, and result in battery is not used.
leakage, heat generation, explosion or fire.
Do not leave the battery pack connected to the charger. It may
Do not disassemble or alter the battery. Otherwise the battery may cause the degradation of battery performance, such as a
be shorted and result in heat generation or fire. shortening of battery life.

Do not use or leave the battery near fire, heaters, inside an Turn off your equipment or device power switch after use.
automobile in hot weather or under strong sunshine. Such
conditions of high temperature may damage the separator, and the Do not use the battery in other than the following temperature
battery may be shorted and result in heat generation, explosion or ranges:
fire.
Charge 0 deg. C to +45 deg. C
When charging the battery, do not use any battery charger not Discharge -20 deg. C to +60 deg. C
specified by the manufacturer. Always follow the charge conditions Storage (less than 30 days) -20 deg. C to +50 deg. C
specified by the manufacturer. If the battery is charged under other
Storage (less than 90 days) -20 deg. C to +35 deg. C
conditions (a high temperature, a high voltage/current or an altered
charger) not specified by the manufacturer, the battery may cause
Notes for treating used batteries
heat generation, explosion or fire due to abnormal chemical
• Insulate (+) and (–) terminals with tape.
reactions.
• Do not remove coating.
• Do not expose to rain or water.
Do not connect the battery directly to an electric outlet or cigarette
• Do not disassemble.
lighter socket in a car. Applying a high voltage may generate an
• Do not leave under strong sunshine.
excessive current and cause an electric shock. In such a case, the
• Store in rugged receptacle and cover with a lid.
battery may leak electrolyte, overheat, explode or cause fire.

34
ICP Lithium Ion Rechargeable Battery

Overview
Maxell has concentrated its original technologies accumulated during the development of various products such as magnetic tapes, IC
cards and memory cards, as well as its battery technology into Maxell’s lithium ion batteries. With Maxell’s unique manufacturing
technology and quality control system, including carefully selected electrode materials, sealing technology, and micron-order accuracy
control, Maxell has developed lithium ion batteries featuring various excellent characteristics and high reliability.

Products
Cell Type ICP403450AR ICP463443SR ICP463446AR ICP463450AR ICP483640SR ICP533640SR ICP553443AR
Thickness 3.9±0.2 4.4±0.2 4.4±0.2 4.4±0.2 4.6±0.2 5.0±0.3 5.2±0.3
Dimensions*1
Width 33.7±0.2 33.8±0.2 33.8±0.2 33.8±0.2 35.8±0.2 35.8±0.2 33.8±0.2
(mm)
Height 49.7+0/-0.5 42.95+0/-0.5 46.0+0/-0.5 49.6+0/-0.5 40.0+0/-0.5 40.0+0/-0.5 42.8+0/-0.5
Weight (g)*2 16 15 16 18 17 18 18
Charge Max. Voltage (V) 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2
(CCCV) Max. Current (A) 0.80 0.79 0.82 0.92 0.82 0.90 0.92
Discharge End Voltage (V) 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75
(CC) Max. Current (A) 1.20 1.19 1.23 1.38 1.23 1.35 1.38
Nominal Voltage (V) 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7
Minimum Capacity (mAh)*3 800 790 820 920 820 900 920

Cell Type ICP553446AR ICP553450SR ICP653047AS ICP653443AR ICP653450AR ICP783640SR ICP803443AR


Thickness 5.2±0.3 5.2±0.3 6.2±0.3 6.2±0.3 6.2±0.3 7.5±0.3 7.7±0.3
Dimensions*1
Width 33.8±0.2 33.8±0.2 30.0±0.2 33.8±0.2 33.8±0.2 35.8±0.2 33.8±0.2
(mm)
Height 46.0+0/-0.5 49.6+0/-0.5 47.1+0/-0.5 42.6+0/-0.5 49.6+0/-0.5 40.0+0/-0.5 42.6+0/-0.5
Weight (g)*2 19 21 20 21 24 25 25
Charge Max. Voltage (V) 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2
(CCCV) Max. Current (A) 1.00 1.15 1.00 1.10 1.20 1.34 1.35
Discharge End Voltage (V) 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75
(CC) Max. Current (A) 1.50 1.73 1.50 1.65 1.80 2.01 2.03
Nominal Voltage (V) 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7
Minimum Capacity (mAh)*3 1000 1150 1000 1100 1200 1340 1350

Positive electrode: Lithium cobalt dioxide, Negative electrode: Graphite


*1: Dimensions of fresh cell without tube.
*2: Approximate value
*3: Capacity is according to the following conditions: Charge CCCV: 1C/4.2V/3h, Discharge 0.2C/E.V.=2.75V, Temperature 25 deg. C
Above specifications are subject to change without notice. For more detailed information and availability, please consult your Maxell representative.

Note
This brochure introduces lithium-ion cells only. Maxell offers these cells in battery pack format only, which include electronic circuits to
prevent overcharge, overdischarge and so on. These battery packs are custom-developed and produced according to special
requirements regarding operating conditions and specifications. As a result, a minimum number of units may apply to such customized
orders from customers purchasing battery packs. For details, consult your nearest Maxell dealer or distributor.

Notes for Designers


Select the correct type of battery to match the operating conditions Charge Control Flowchart (sample)
such as load current, etc. Refer to the following flowchart when designing constant
current and constant voltage battery chargers.
Charge Conditions
Start charge
To get the most out of lithium-ion batteries and use them safely, please
read the following requirements carefully: Check battery connection

Check battery temperature


Charge Mode Constant Current, Constant Voltage Charge
Failed
Charge Voltage 4.20V±0.05V / cell Check battery voltage
Passed Preliminary charge
Max. Charge Current 1C
Charge Time Approx. 3 hours Constant current, constant voltage charge
• Current monitoring Failed
Charge Temperature 0 to +45 deg. C • Temperature monitoring
• Time monitoring
Passed Abnormal charge stop
Charge completion

35
LITHIUM ION RECHARGEABLE BATTERY

Cell Structure Characteristics (ICP553450SR)

Gas Release Vent


Charge Characteristics
100 1500 4.5
Negative Terminal Charge Capacity

Laser Seal 80 1200 Cell Voltage 4.0

Charge capacity (%)

Charge current (mA)

Cell Voltage (V)


Separator 60 900 3.5

Charge Current
Positive Electrode
40 600 3.0
Charge:1150mA(1C)/4.2V (CC-CV)
Temperature: 25 deg. C
Positive Can 20 300 2.5
Negative Electrode

0 0 2.0
0 30 60 90 120 150 180
Time (min)

Discharge Load Characteristics


4.5

0.2C (230mA)
4.0 0.5C (575mA)
1C (1150mA)
Cell voltage (V)

Features 3.5

Higher operating voltage of 3.7V and energy density


A lithium-ion battery delivers and maintains a stable operating 3.0
Charge: 1150mA(1C)/4.2V(CC-CV)/2.5h
Discharge: 0.2C, 0.5C,1C (E.V.=2.75V)
voltage of over 3.7V until final discharge — three times as much Temperature: 25 deg. C
voltage as a Ni-Cd or Ni-MH battery provides. It takes just 1/3
2.5
the number of lithium-ion batteries to provide the equivalent 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
amount of voltage from Ni-Cd or Ni-MH batteries, so portable Capacity (mAh)

devices can be made much smaller and lighter.


Discharge Temperature Characteristics
Higher discharge rate for more powerful devices
4.5
Lithium-ion batteries are capable of outstanding rates of 60 deg. C 25 deg. C
discharge sufficient to power a hard disk, a video camera’s 0 deg. C -10 deg. C -20 deg. C
motor and other devices. 4.0
Cell voltage (V)

Stable discharge under various temperatures 3.5


environmental conditions
Lithium-ion batteries provide stable discharge within a wide
3.0
range of temperatures, from –20 deg. C to +60 deg. C.
Charge: 1150mA(1C)/4.2V(CC-CV)/2.5h/25 deg. C
Discharge: 230mA(0.2C) (E.V.=2.75V)
Superior storage characteristics and convenience 2.5
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
including minimal self-discharge Capacity (mAh)
Lithium-ion batteries limit self-discharge to less than 5% of the
original capacity per month when batteries are stored at
20 deg. C. Cycle Life Characteristics
1200

Excellent cost performance 1000


Superior recharging properties ensure a service life of about 500
charge/discharge cycles under normal usage conditions. The 800
Capacity (mAh)

superior cost/performance ratio ensures that lithium-ion batteries


600
are ultimately more economical than primary batteries.
400
Applications Charge: 1150mA(1C)/4.2V(CC-CV)/2.5h
Discharge: 1150mA(1C) (E.V.=2.75V)
200
Temperature: 25 deg. C
 Mobile Phones  PHS  PDAs  Electronic Dictionaries
 Camcorders  Digital Still Cameras  Digital Audio Players 0
0 100 200 300 400 500
 Portable Game Devices Cycle number (cycle)

36
ML
LITHIUM MANGANESE DIOXIDE
RECHARGEABLE BATTERY
ML2032 / ML2016 / ML1220
With Terminals and Wire Connectors
(ML2032 / ML2016 / ML1220)

LITHIUM MANGANESE DIOXIDE


RECHARGEABLE BATTERY

37
Safety Instructions
This battery contains lithium, organic solvents, and other combustible materials. For this reason, improper handling of
the battery could lead to distortion, leakage*, overheating, explosion, or fire, causing bodily injury or equipment trouble.
Please observe the following instructions to prevent accidents.
(* Leakage is defined as the unintentional escape of a liquid from a battery.)

Never allow liquid leaking from the battery to get in your eyes
Warnings Handling
or mouth.
Never swallow. Because this liquid could cause serious damage, if it does come in
Always keep the battery out of the reach of infants and young contact with your eyes, flush them immediately with plenty of water
children to prevent it from being swallowed. If wallowed, consult a and consult a physician. Likewise, if the liquid gets in your mouth,
physician immediately. rinse immediately with plenty of water and consult a physician.
Do not replace. Keep leaking batteries away from fire.
Depending on the battery manufacturer, there might be major If leakage is suspected or you detect a strong odor, keep the battery
differences in performance even among the same types or models of away from fire, because the leaked liquid could catch on fire.
batteries. If you are an equipment manufacturer and need to replace Never touch the battery electrodes.
the battery, please use a new one of the same type and same model Do not allow the battery electrodes to come in contact with your skin
as the existing one. Because this is a rechargeable battery, its or fingers. Otherwise, the moisture from your skin could cause a
characteristics are completely different from a primary battery even discharge of the battery, which could produce certain chemical
though their shapes are alike. If a primary battery is installed in the substances causing you to receive a chemical burns.
circuit in place of a rechargeable battery, gas could be generated or
the primary battery could be short-circuited by charging. This could
lead to distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire. Please
design your equipment so that the end user cannot replace the
Warnings Circuit Design

battery by mistake. Never set the charge voltage above 3.3V.


Charging at a higher voltage could cause the generation of gas,
Never use two or more batteries connected in series or in parallel.
internal short-circuiting, or other malfunctions, leading to distortion,
If batteries are connected together, it is very difficult to design a
leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire. For details, see the
circuit to observe whether or not the batteries are charged at
recommended circuits in the figure below.
specified voltage or current as described in "Warning -Circuit
Design". Always charge at the nominal currents shown below.
Large surges of current could degrade the battery’s characteristics,
Never reverse the positive and negative terminals when
mounting. leading to distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire. To
Improper mounting of the battery could lead to equipment trouble or avoid excessive current at the initiation of charging, make sure to
short-circuiting. This could cause distortion, leakage, overheating, attach a protective resistor for current control. See the
explosion, or fire. recommended circuits below.
Never short-circuit the battery. Table 1 Nominal Charge Current by Model
Do not allow the positive and negative terminals to short-circuit. Model ML2032 ML2016 ML1220
Never carry or store the battery with metal objects such as a
Charge Current 2mA or lower 2mA or lower 1mA or lower
necklace or a hairpin. Do not take multiple batteries out of the
package and pile or mix them when storing. Please be careful when Recommended Circuits
installing the battery not to short-circuit it with metal portions of the Please refer to the representative basic circuits shown below. If you
equipment. Otherwise, this could lead to distortion, leakage, have any questions about circuit design, please feel free to contact
overheating, explosion, or fire. Maxell.
Never heat. D Table 2 Example of resistors
+ Voltage
Heating the battery to more than 100 deg. C could increase the Regulator
Output Voltage of Voltage Regulator
internal pressure, causing distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, R Model
GND 3.1V 3.2V
or fire. Load
To 16V ML2032 >550 ohm >600 ohm
(3.0-3.3V)
Never expose to open flames. ML ML2016 >550 ohm >600 ohm
– ML1220 >1.1K ohm >1.2K ohm
Exposing to flames could cause the lithium metal to melt, causing D: Diode, R: Resistor
the battery to catch on fire and explode.
Never disassemble the battery. (How to select a protective resistor for the current control)
Do not disassemble the battery, because the separator or gasket The maximum charge current flows in the battery when charged at
could be damaged, leading to distortion, leakage, overheating, an end voltage of 2V. Therefore, the value of the resistor is
explosion, or fire. calculated using this equation:
(R) >
= ((Output Voltage of Voltage Regulator) – 2) / (Nominal Charge
Never weld the terminals or weld a wire to the body of the
Current)
battery directly.
For example, the S-812C series, which has a maximum input voltage
The heat of welding or soldering could cause the lithium to melt, or
of 18V, or the S-817 series with a maximum input voltage of 10V
cause damage to the insulating material in the battery, leading to
(Seiko Instruments Inc.) can be used as a voltage regulator.
possible distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire. When
Note 1: If the main power source voltage is stable, the charge
soldering the battery directly to equipment, solder only the tabs or
voltage can be allotted from main power source divided by the
leads. Even then, the temperature of the soldering iron must be
combination of resistors.
below 350 deg. C and the soldering time less than 5 seconds. Do
Note 2: Because the battery height must be changed by charge and
not use a soldering bath, because the circuit board with battery
discharge cycle, place a minimum of 1mm space between the
attached could stop moving or the battery could drop into the bath.
battery and device or chassis.
Moreover do not use excessive solder, because the solder could
flow to unwanted portions of the board, leading to a short-circuit or
charging of the battery.

38
ML Lithium Manganese Dioxide Rechargeable Battery

Never expose the battery to ultrasonic sound.


Warnings Disposal
Exposing the battery to ultrasonic sound may cause
The battery may be short-circuiting because the inside material is broken into
Do not pile up or mix
regulated by national or Tape
batteries. pieces, leading to distortion, leakage, overheating,
local regulation. Please explosion, or fire.
follow the instructions of

Never subject the battery to severe shock.
proper regulation. As Dropping, throwing or stomping on the battery may cause
Enlarged view +
electric capacity is left in distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire.
Battery
a discarded battery and it Electric current flows.
Never use or leave the battery in a hot place such as
comes into contact with (Example of
under the direct rays of the sun or in a car in hot weather.
other metals, it could lead battery insulation) If you do, this may cause distortion, leakage, overheating,
to distortion, leakage, These batteries generate heat. explosion, or fire.
overheating, or explosion, so make sure to cover the (+) and (-) Never allow the battery to come in contact with water.
terminals with friction tape or some other insulator before disposal. If it does, this may cause the battery to rust or lead to
distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire.
Never store the battery in a hot and highly humid
Caution Handling/Storage
environment.
Use within the rated temperature range of -20 to +60 deg. C. Doing so may cause the performance of the battery to
Otherwise the battery's charge and discharge deteriorate. In certain environments, this may lead to
characteristics may be reduced. distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire

Overview
The coin-type lithium manganese dioxide rechargeable battery is a small, lightweight rechargeable battery. This battery
employs specially treated manganese dioxide for the positive material and a lithium-aluminum compound for the negative
material. A specially formulated organic electrolyte is also used, yielding excellent discharge characteristics with low
self-discharge.

Products
Model ML2032 ML2016 ML1220
Nominal Voltage (V) 3 3 3

Nominal Capacity (mAh**) 65 25 18

Nominal Discharge Current (μA) 200 200 100


1,000 (6.5 mAh discharge) 1,500 (2.5 mAh discharge) 1,500(1.8 mAh discharge)
Charge, Discharge Discharge Depth of 10% (total capacity 6,500 mAh) (total capacity 3,750 mAh) (total capacity 2,700 mAh)
Cycle Lifetime 300 (13 mAh discharge) 500 (5 mAh discharge) 500 (3.6 mAh discharge)
Discharge Depth of 20% (total capacity 3,900 mAh) (total capacity 2,500 mAh) (total capacity 1,800 mAh)

Operating Temperature Ranges (deg.C) -20 to +60 -20 to +60 -20 to +60

Diameter (mm) 20 20 12.5


Dimensions*
Height (mm) 3.2 1.6 2.0

Weight (g)* 3.0 1.8 0.7

* Dimensions and weight are for the battery itself, but may vary depending on terminal specifications and other factors.
** Nominal capacity indicates duration until the voltage drops down to 2.0V when discharged at a nominal discharge current at 20 deg. C.
• Data and dimensions are just reference values. For further details, please contact your nearest Maxell dealer or distributor.

Construction Principle and Reactions


Collector Negative Electrode The coin-type lithium manganese dioxide rechargeable
Negative Separator battery is a 3V battery using specially treated manganese
Cap
(–) Gasket dioxide for the positive material, a lithium-aluminum
compound for the negative material, and a specially
formulated organic electrolyte.

(+) Collector
Charge/Discharge Reactions
Positive ElectrodePositive Can
Charge
MnO2(Li-Al) LiMnO2Al
Discharge

39
LITHIUM MANGANESE DIOXIDE RECHARGEABLE BATTERY

Features
Approx. 2.5V operating voltage
The operating voltage is about twice that of nickel cadmium rechargeable batteries. Displays a high discharge voltage of 2.8 V
when at 10% of nominal capacity (depth of discharge is 10% or less), when charged at 3.0 to 3.3 V.
Superior charge/discharge cycle characteristics (Fig. 2)
Achieves 1,000 cycles of discharging to 10% of nominal capacity (Depth of discharge = 10%). The total discharge capacity is
quite high at 100 times nominal capacity.
Wide -20 deg. C to 60 deg. C usable temperature range
Demonstrates stable operating voltage in temperatures as low as -20 deg. C and as high as 60 deg. C.
Low self-discharge and superior leakage resistance (Fig. 3)
Self-discharge at 20 deg. C is no more than 2% per year. Supplies a nominal capacity of about 95% even when stored at 20
deg. C for roughly five years (according to accelerated test conducted by Maxell). And since organic electrolyte is used, the
battery has superior leakage resistance (shipped fully charged).
Excellent floating characteristics (Fig. 4)
A specially formulated organic electrolyte is employed to provide stable discharge characteristics even if charged for a year at
3.3 V at 20 deg. C (according to accelerated test conducted by Maxell).
Excellent high rate discharge characteristics (Fig. 5)

Fig. 1 Charge Property Fig. 2 Charge/Discharge Cycle Performance


Rechargeable cycle number / cycles

100 104
Available discharge capacity at

Temp: 20deg.C Cut-off voltage of charge: 3.25V


various charging voltage (%)

FV = 2.0V Temperature : 20 deg. C


80
Recommended
area 103
60

40 ML2016
Prohibited 102 ML2032
area
20 ML1220

0 101
2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 0 20 40 60 80 100
Depth of discharge (%)
Charge voltage (V)

Fig. 3 Low Self-discharge Fig. 4 Overcharge Characteristics


ML2032 ML2032
Capacity retention ratio(%)

100 4
Discharge load:15 K
Discharge temperature: 20 deg. C
voltage (V)

90
3
Storage temperature: 60 deg. C
80 Discharge temperature: 20 deg. C
Load: 15 K Initial
2
70 After charged at 60 deg. C
for 20 days at 3.3V*
60 1
0 100 200 300 400 500

50 Discharge duration time (h)


0 50 100 150 200 250
Storage time (days) * equivalent to storage at 20 deg. C for 1 year

(when accelerating 20 days at 60 deg. C equivalent to 1 year at 20 deg.C)

UL (Underwriters Laboratories Inc.) Recognized Components


Fig. 5 High Rate Discharge Characteristics Recognized models ML2032, ML2016, ML1220
ML2032 Certification Number: MH12568
3.5
Temperature: 20 deg. C
3.0
Applications
Voltage (V)

2.5
 Mobile Phones  PHS
2.0  OA Machines (Fax, Copiers, Printers)  Notebook PCs
1.5
 Desktop PCs  PDAs  Camcorders
4mA 3mA 2mA 1mA
 Digital Still Cameras  Portable CD/MD Players
1.0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80  Watches  Medical Instruments, Cash Registers
Discharge duration time (h)  FA Instruments (Measuring Instruments, Onboard
Microcomputers, Sensors)
 Electronic Meters (Water, Gas, Electricity)

40
ML Lithium Manganese Dioxide Rechargeable Battery

ML2032 (65mAh)

 Discharge Characteristics  Temperature Characteristics


Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 15 k
3.5 3.5

3.0 3.0
20 deg. C
240k

Voltage (V)
Voltage (V)

2.5 2.5
100k 60 deg. C
2.0 15k 2.0
30k
1.5 1.5 –20 deg. C
0 deg. C
1.0 1.0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 0 100 200 300 400 500
Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge duration time (h)

 Relationship between Discharge Current and Duration Time  High Rate Discharge Characteristics
Discharge final voltage: 2V Temperature: 20 deg. C Temperature: 20 deg. C
104 3.5
Discharge duration time (days)

3.0
103
2.5

Voltage (V)
102
2.0

101
1.5

4mA 3mA 2mA 1mA


100 1.0
100 101 102 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Discharge current (μA) Discharge duration time (h)

 Over Charge Characteristics  Storage Characteristics


Discharge load: 15 k Temperature: 20˚C Discharge load: 15 k Temperature: 20 deg. C
3.5 3.5

3.0
3
After charged at 3.3V for
Voltage (V)
Voltage (V)

20 days at 60 deg. C 2.5


Initial
2.5
2.0

2 1.5
Initial After stored for 60 days at 60 deg. C
1.0
1.5 0 100 200 300 400 500
0 100 200 300 400 500
Discharge duration time (h) Discharge duration time (h)

ML2016 (25mAh)

 Discharge Characteristics  Temperature Characteristics


Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 15k
3.5 3.5

3.0 3.0 20 deg. C


240k
60 deg. C
Voltage (V)

2.5
Voltage (V)

100k 2.5

2.0 15k 2.0


30k
1.5 1.5 –20 deg. C
0 deg. C
1.0 1.0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge duration time (h)

 Relationship between Discharge Current and Duration Time  High Rate Discharge Characteristics
Discharge final voltage: 2V Temperature: 20 deg. C
104 3.5
Discharge duration time (days)

103 3.0
Voltage (V)

2.5
102
2.0
101
1.5
4mA 3mA 2mA 1mA
100 1.0
100 101
102
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Discharge current (μA) Discharge duration time (h)

 Over Charge Characteristics  Storage Characteristics


Discharge load: 15 k Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 15 k Temperature: 20 deg. C
3.5 3.5

3.0
3
After charged at 3.3V for Initial
Voltage (V)

Voltage (V)

20 days at 60 deg. C 2.5


2.5
2.0

2
Initial 1.5 After stored for 60 days at 60 deg. C

1.5 1.0
0 50 100 150 200 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
Discharge duration time (h) Discharge duration time (h)

41
LITHIUM MANGANESE DIOXIDE RECHARGEABLE BATTERY

ML1220 (18mAh)

 Discharge Characteristics  Temperature Characteristics


Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 30 k
3.5 3.5

3.0 3.0
100k
20 deg. C

Voltage (V)
Voltage (V)

2.5 2.5
60 deg. C
2.0 2.0
30k
–20 deg. C
1.5 1.5
0 deg. C

1.0 1.0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260
Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge duration time (h)

 Relationship between Discharge Current and Duration Time  High Rate Discharge Characteristics
Discharge final voltage: 2V Temperature: 20 deg. C Temperature: 20 deg. C
104 3.5
Discharge duration time (days)

3.0
103

Voltage (V)
2.5
102 1mA
2.0
3mA
101 2mA
1.5

4mA
100 1.0
1 101 102 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
Discharge current (μA) Discharge duration time (h)

 Over Charge Characteristics  Storage Characteristics


Discharge load: 30 k Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 30 k Temperature: 20 deg. C
3.5 3.5

After charged at 3.3V for 3.0


3
20 days at 60 deg. C
Voltage (V)

Voltage (V)

2.5 Initial
2.5
2.0 After stored for 60 days at 60 deg. C
Initial
2
1.5

1.5 1.0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 0 50 100 150 200 250
Discharge duration time (h) Discharge duration time (h)

42
ML
External Dimensions (unit : mm)
Lithium Manganese Dioxide Rechargeable Battery
with Terminals and Wire Connectors

ML2032 T6 ML2032 T6 TUBE ML2032 T14 ML2032 T25


Insulation sleeve

4.5 4.5

0.75
ø20

0.75
ø20

10.16
ø20

10.16
ø20
20.3 4 21 4
4 4

4.1
4.1

4 4.8

4 4.8
5.1 4

4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4

4
(–) (+) (–) (+) 20.6 20.3
0.2 0.2
20.5 1.8 20.5 1.8

1.3
0.75 0.75

8.5
4
4
(–) (+)

4.5
4
(–) (+) 0.75 0.2
4 0.2 4 18.05
15.24

Actual appearance Actual appearance

ML2032 T32 ML2032 T17 ML2032 T26 ML2032 WK

Insulation sleeve Insulation sleeve


Insulation sleeve
ø20
ø20
22 80

(–)

20.2
0.75

(+)
ø20

(+) (–)
Hook Loop
4.5

(+) (–) (+) (–) (+)


4

0.2

7.5
1.8 0.75 0.2 0.2
4.5

7.5
4.0

4.8 4
4 4 3.7
10.5 0.75 (–)
3.7
10.16
(–) (+)
Lead wire
(+)
0.2
25.4 (–)
4.0

Housing: HNC2-2.5S-4 (Hirose)


Contact: HNC2.5S-C-B (02) (Hirose)
Lead wire: AWG26
Actual appearance

ML2032 WK2 ML2016 T6 ML2016 T25 ML2016 T17


Insulation sleeve
34
4.5

Insulation sleeve Insulation sleeve


0.75

(+)
20.2

ø20
(–)
10.16
ø20
ø20

65
(+)

(–)
3

4 4 20.3
21
4.5
2.9

(+) (–)
2.5

4 3.2

8.8

(–) 1.8 0.75 0.2 0.2


4.5
4.5

4 4
4

(+) (–) (+) (–) (+) 2.1


0.2 10.5
0.75 20.5 1.8 0.75 0.2

Lead wire 4 18.05

Housing: ZHR-2 (JST)


Contact: SZH-002T-P0.5 (JST)
Lead wire: AWG26
Actual appearance

43
LITHIUM MANGANESE DIOXIDE RECHARGEABLE BATTERY

External Dimensions (unit : mm)


ML2016 T26 ML1220 T9 ML1220 T10 ML1220 T12

ø20 Insulation sleeve ø12.5 Insulation sleeve Insulation sleeve


Insulation sleeve
ø12.5

(–) (+)

4
(–) (+) (+) (–)

16.25
0.75

0.75
(+) (–)
7.5

3.5
3.75
4.5

0.2

3.0
(+) )–(

3.0
2.1 (+) (–)
4

0.75 2.1 2.7


10.16 3.3 ø12.5 3.3
0.75 0.75 0.2 0.75 0.75 0.2
(+)

(–) 2.7 3.8 2.7


3.25
4

Actual appearance

ML1220 T13
: Tin plating
Insulation sleeve : Horizontal & Through hole Type
ø12.5 : Horizontal & Surface mounting Type
: Vertical & Through hole Type
(+) (–) : Wire connector Type
3.5
3.0

(+) )–(

0.75 0.75 0.2

3.25 2.7

44
TC
TITANIUM CARBON LITHIUM
RECHARGEABLE BATTERY
TC920S

TITANIUM CARBON LITHIUM


RECHARGEABLE BATTERY

45
Safety Instructions
This battery contains organic solvents, and other combustible materials. For this reason, improper handling of the battery
could lead to distortion, leakage*, overheating, explosion, or fire, causing bodily injury or equipment trouble. Please
observe the following instructions to prevent accidents.
(* Leakage is defined as the unintentional escape of a liquid from a battery.)

Never allow liquid leaking from the battery to get in your eyes
Warnings Handling
or mouth.
Never swallow. Because this liquid could cause serious damage, if it does come in
Always keep the battery out of the reach of infants and young contact with your eyes, flush them immediately with plenty of water
children to prevent it from being swallowed. If swallowed, consult a and consult a physician. Likewise, if the liquid gets in your mouth,
physician immediately. rinse immediately with plenty of water and consult a physician..
Do not replace. Keep leaking batteries away from fire.
Depending on the battery manufacturer, there might be major If leakage is suspected or you detect a strong odor, keep the battery
differences in performance even among the same types or models of away from fire, because the leaked liquid could catch on fire.
batteries. If you are an equipment manufacturer and need to replace Never touch the battery electrodes.
the battery, please use a new one of the same type and same model Do not allow the battery electrodes to come in contact with your skin
as the existing one. Because this is a rechargeable battery, its or fingers. Otherwise, the moisture from your skin could cause a
characteristics are completely different from a primary battery even discharge of the battery, which could produce certain chemical
though their shapes are alike. If a primary battery is installed in the substances causing you to receive a chemical burns.
circuit in place of a rechargeable battery, gas could be generated or
the primary battery could be short-circuited by charging. This could
lead to distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire. Please Warnings Circuit Design
design your equipment so that the end user cannot replace the
Never set the charge voltage above 3.15V.
battery by mistake.
Charging at a higher voltage could cause the generation of gas,
Never use two or more batteries connected in series or in parallel. internal short-circuiting, or other malfunctions, leading to distortion,
If batteries are connected together, it is very difficult to design a leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire. For details, see the
circuit to observe whether or not the batteries are charged at recommended circuits in the figure below.
specified voltage or current as described in "Warning -Circuit
Always charge at the nominal currents shown below.
Design".
Large surges of current could degrade the battery’s characteristics,
Never reverse the positive and negative terminals when leading to distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire. To
mounting.
avoid excessive current at the initiation of charging, make sure to
Improper mounting of the battery could lead to equipment trouble or
attach a protective resistor for current control. See the
short-circuiting. This could cause distortion, leakage, overheating,
recommended circuits below.
explosion, or fire.
Table 1 Nominal Charge Current by Model
Never short-circuit the battery.
Model TC920S
Do not allow the positive and negative terminals to short-circuit.
Never carry or store the battery with metal objects such as a Charge Current 5mA or lower
necklace or a hairpin. Do not take multiple batteries out of the
Recommended Circuits
package and pile or mix them when storing. Please be careful when
Please refer to the representative basic circuits shown below. If you
installing the battery not to short-circuit it with metal portions of the
have any questions about circuit design, please feel free to contact
equipment. Otherwise this could lead to distortion, leakage,
Maxell.
overheating, explosion, or fire.
(A) Main power source of 1.6 to 3.15V (B) Other main power source
Never heat. + + Voltage
D Regulator D
Heating the battery to more than 100 deg. C could increase the
R GND R
internal pressure, causing distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, 1.6 to 3.15V
Load Load
(1.6 to 3.15V) To 16V (1.6 to 3.15V)
or fire. TC TC
– –
Never expose to open flames. D: Diode; R: Resistor D: Diode; R: Resistor

Exposing to flames could cause the battery to catch on fire and


(How to select a protective resistor for the current control)
explode.
The maximum charge
Table 2 Example of resistor
Never disassemble the battery. current flows in the battery
Charge voltage*
Do not disassemble the battery, because the separator or gasket when charged at an end Model
1.8V 2.5V
could be damaged, leading to distortion, leakage, overheating, voltage of 1.0V. Therefore
TC920S >160 ohm >300 ohm
explosion, or fire. the value of the resistor is
Never weld the terminals or weld a wire to the body of the calculated using this equation:
battery directly. (R) >
= ((Charge voltage* –1) / (Nominal Charge Current)
The heat of welding or soldering could cause the lithium to melt, or * Charge voltage (A): Voltage of main power source
cause damage to the insulating material in the battery, leading to (B): Output voltage of regulator
possible distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire. When
soldering the battery directly to equipment, solder only the tabs or For example, the S-812C series, which has a maximum input voltage
leads. Even then, the temperature of the soldering iron must be of 18V, or the S-817 series with a maximum input voltage of 10V
below 350 deg. C and the soldering time less than 5 seconds. Do (Seiko Instruments Inc.) can be used as a voltage regulator.
not use a soldering bath, because the circuit board with battery
attached could stop moving or the battery could drop into the bath.
Moreover do not use excessive solder, because the solder could
flow to unwanted portions of the board, leading to a short-circuit or
charging of the battery.

46
TC Titanium Carbon Lithium Rechargeable Battery

Never expose the battery to ultrasonic sound.


Warnings Disposal
Exposing the battery to ultrasonic sound may cause
The battery may be Do not pile up or mix short-circuiting because the inside material is broken into
Tape
regulated by national or batteries. pieces, leading to distortion, leakage, overheating,
local regulation. Please explosion, or fire.
follow the instructions of – Never subject the battery to severe shock.
proper regulation. As Dropping, throwing or stomping on the battery may cause
Enlarged view +
electric capacity is left in a distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire.
Electric current flows. Battery
discarded battery and it Never use or leave the battery in a hot place such as
comes into contact with (Example of under the direct rays of the sun or in a car in hot
other metals, it could lead battery insulation) weather.
to distortion, leakage, These batteries generate heat. If you do, this may cause distortion, leakage, overheating,
overheating, or explosion, so make sure to cover the (+) and (-) explosion, or fire.
terminals with friction tape or some other insulator before disposal. Never allow the battery to come in contact with water.
If it does, this may cause the battery to rust or lead to
distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire.
Caution Handling/Storage Never store the battery in a hot and highly humid
Use within the rated temperature range (-20 to 60 deg. C). environment.
Otherwise the battery’s charge and discharge characteristics Doing so may cause the performance of the battery to
may be reduced. deteriorate. In certain environments, this may lead to
distortion, leakage, overheating, explosion, or fire.

Overview
The button-type titanium carbon lithium ion rechargeable battery is a small rechargeable battery developed as a backup power
source for real-time clocks and SRAM like digital cameras and mobile phones. It provides fully 10 times the capacity of a
capacitor of the same size.

Products
Model TC 920S

Nominal Voltage (V) 1.5


Nominal Capacity (mAh)* 3.5

Nominal Discharge Current (μA) 100

Charge/Discharge Cycle 500


Operating Temperature Range (deg. C) -20 to +60
Diameter(mm) 9.5
Dimensions
Height(mm) 2.05
Weight (g)* 0.43
* Nominal capacity indicates duration until the voltage drops down to 1.0V when discharged at a nominal discharge current at 20 deg. C.
• Data and dimensions are just reference values. For further details, please contact your nearest Maxell dealer or distributor.

Construction Principle and Reactions


The button-type titanium carbon lithium ion rechargeable
Negative Cap
battery uses lithium titanium oxide as the positive material,
carbon as the negative material, and organic electrolyte.
Negative Electrode
Gasket
Charge/Discharge Reactions
Positive Electrode Charge
Positive Can
Li x Ti yO 4 + Li z C 6 Li x + Ti yO 4 +Liz-C 6
Separator Discharge

47
TITANIUM CARBON LITHIUM RECHARGEABLE BATTERY

Features
Approx. 1.5V operating voltage Excellent overcharge characteristics
The operating voltage is about 1 to 1.5V the same as the A special formulated organic electrolyte is employed to
SR, LR battery. provide stable discharge characteristics even if charged for
Wide range charging voltage (Fig. 1) 10 years at 3.15V at 20 deg. C. (under accelerated test
Charging voltage is 1.6 to 3.15V. conditions conducted by Maxell)
Excellent cycle performance (Fig. 2) Superior leakage resistance
500 charge/discharge cycles is archived because by Leakage resistance can withstand over 1,200 heat shock
utilizing lithium ion. cycles between 60 deg. C and-10 deg. C.
Wide temperature characteristics (Fig. 3)
Usable in a wide temperature range of-20 to 60 deg. C.

FIg. 1 Charge Property Fig. 2 Charge/Discharge Cycle Performance


100 4.5
Discharge capacity (mAh)

4.0
Recoverable ratio (%)

80
3.5 20 deg. C
60 Recommended area
3.0 Charge voltage: 2.4V
1.6V—3.15V
40 Protective resistor: 300
2.5 Charge time: 6hr
20 Prohibited area Discharge load: 1k
FV=1.0V 2.0
Discharge time: 6hr
0 1.5
1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 0 100 200 300 400 500
Charge voltage (V) Charge/discharge cycle (Numbers)

Fig. 3 Temperature Characteristics Applications


2.5  Mobile Phones
 PHS
Discharge load: 15k  Camcorders
2.0
 Digital Still Cameras
 Portable CD/MD Players
Voltage (V)

1.5
20 deg. C  Watches
1.0

0.5
–20 deg. C
0
0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0
Discharge capacity (mAh)

48
TC Titanium Carbon Lithium Rechargeable Battery

TC920S (3.5mAh)

 Charge/Discharge Curves Temperature Characteristics


Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 15k
2.5 2.5

2.0 2.0
Charge Charge voltage: 2.4V
Protective resistor: 300
Voltage (V)

Voltage (V)
1.5 1.5
Charge time: 24 hrs 20 deg. C

1.0 1.0
Discharge
Discharge load: 15k –20 deg. C
0.5 0.5
Final voltage: 0.5V
0 0
0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0
Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge capacity (mAh)

Over Charge Characteristics Overdischarge Characteristics

Discharge load: 15k Temperature: 20 deg. C Discharge load: 15k Temperature: 20 deg. C
2.5 2.5

2.0 2.0
Voltage (V)

Voltage (V)
1.5 1.5
Initial Initial
1.0 1.0

0.5 0.5
After charged at 2.4V for 80 days at 60 deg. C After discharged at 0V for 80 days at 60 deg. C
0 0
0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0
Discharge capacity (mAh) Discharge capacity (mAh)

49
ISO 14001

EMS Accreditation
RE 009

Factories producing these products conform to the ISO 14001 standards.

ISO14001 ISO14001
Hitachi Maxell, Ltd., Osaka-Ono Site Hitachi Maxell, Ltd., Kyoto Site
Certificate Number: EC97J1166 Certificate Number: EC97J1188
Certificate Expiry: 25/Dec/2008 Certificate Expiry: 22/Feb/2010
Registration Date: 26/Jan/1998 Registration Date: 23/Feb/1998
Issue Date: 26/Dec/2005 Issue Date: 23/Feb/2007

ISO9001

QS Accreditation
R009

ISO9001 ISO9001
Hitachi Maxell, Ltd. Hitachi Maxell, Ltd.
Energy Solution Business Group Rechargeable Battery Division
Primary Battery Division Certificate Number: JQA-3029
Certificate Number : JQA-0986 Registration Date: January 29, 1999
JQA-0986 Registration Date: September 29, 1995 JQA-3029 Last Renewal Date: December 27, 2005
Last Renewal Date: December 19, 2006 Expiry Date: December 26, 2008
Expiry Date: December 18, 2009
Scope of Registration: The design/development Scope of Registration: The design/development
and the manufacture of cylindrical alkaline battery, silver and manufacture of lithium ion rechargeable battery.
oxide battery, alkaline button battery, manganese dioxide
lithium battery (coin type and cylindrical type), thionyl chloride
lithium battery, manganese dioxide lithium rechargeable
battery and titanium carbon lithium ion rechargeable battery.

ISO/TS 16949
ISO/TS16949
Hitachi Maxell, Ltd.
Energy Solution Business Group
Primary Battery Division, Ono Works
Certificate Number : JQA-AU0078
JQA-AU0078 Registration Date: January 7, 2005
Last Renewal Date: January 7, 2008
Expiry Date: January 6, 2011
Scope of Registration: The design/development
and manufacture of manganese dioxide lithium
battery (coin type) for automobile use.

50
Hitachi Maxell, Ltd.
2-18-2, Iidabashi,
Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo
102-8521 Japan
Tel: (+81) 3-3515-8249
Fax: (+81) 3-3515-8305
Visit our website at: www.maxell.com
NORTH AMERICA / SOUTH AMERICA
Maxell Corporation of America Maxell Latin America
Main Office: Plaza Btesh - Calle 50, Panama City,
22-08, Route 208 Fair Lawn, NJ Panama
07410, U.S.A. Tel: (+507) 269-6737
Tel: (+1) 201-794-5900 Fax: (+507) 263-4413
Fax: (+1) 201-796-8790 E-mail: maxell@ciabtesh.com
Canada Branch:
50 Locke Street, Unit #2, Concord,
Ontario L4K 5R4, Canada
Tel: (+1) 905-669-8107
Fax: (+1) 905-669-8108
E-mail: support@maxellcanada.com

EUROPE

Maxell Europe Ltd. Maxell Deutschland GmbH Maxell Italia S.p.A.


European Headquarters: Mollsfeld 2, 40670 Meerbusch, Via Dante 2, 21100 Varese, Italy
Multimedia House, High Street, Germany Tel: (+39) 0332-240-934
Rickmansworth, Hertfordshire, Tel: (+49) 2159-913-0 Fax: (+39) 0332-240-950
WD3 1HR, United Kingdom Fax: (+49) 2159-913-150 E-mail: info@maxell-italia.it
Tel: (+44) 1923 33 1000 E-mail: mdg@maxell.eu.com
Fax: (+44) 1923 33 1010 Maxell Hungary Kft.
E-mail: hq@maxell.eu.com Maxell (France) S.A. H-1097 Budapest, Mariassy utca 7,
UK Sales Office: BP 97091 Saint Ouen L'Aumone, Hungary
Multimedia House, High Street, 95 052 Cergy-Pontoise Cedex, France Tel: (+36) 1 464 3800
Rickmansworth, Hertfordshire, Tel: (+33) 1 34 24 88 11 Fax: (+36) 1 464 3801
WD3 1HR, United Kingdom Fax: (+33) 1 30 73 56 77 E-mail: mhu@maxell.eu.com
Tel: (+44) 1923 49 4400 E-mail: mfr@maxell.fr
Fax: (+44) 1923 49 4410
E-mail: sales@maxell.eu.com

ASIA

Maxell Asia, Ltd. Maxell (Shanghai) Trading Co., Ltd. Maxell Taiwan, Ltd.
Main Office: Main Office: 14F, No.111, Sung Chiang Road,
506, World Commerce Centre, PLAZA 336, Room No.1801, 18th Floor, Taipei, Taiwan
Harbour City, Phase 1, No.336, Xi Zang Middle Road, Huang Pu Tel: (+886) 2-2516-5553
Canton Road, Kowloon, District, Shanghai 200001, China Fax: (+886) 2-2516-4804
Hong Kong Tel: (+86) 21-3330-3377 E-mail: maxell@maxell.com.tw
Tel: (+852) 2730 9243 Fax: (+86) 21-3330-4001
Fax: (+852) 2735 6250 E-mail: maxell@maxell.net.cn
E-mail: maxell@maxell.com.hk Beijing Office Maxell Asia (Singapore) Pte. Ltd.
Vietnam Office: Room 905, C Wantong Tower, No.6
Main Office:
Suite 15, Mezzanine Floor, Chaowai Road, Chaoyang District 100020,
10 Anson Road, #25-06,
Sun Wah Tower, 115 Nguyen Hue Beijing, China
International Plaza, Singapore 079903
Boulevard, District 1, Tel: (+86) 10-5907-0016
Tel: (+65) 6220-9291
Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Fax: (+86) 10-5907-0017
Fax: (+65) 6220-6070
Tel: (+84) 8-821-9183 E-mail: maxellbj@public.bta.net.cn
E-mail: sales@maxell.com.sg
Fax: (+84) 8-821-9181
E-mail: maxellvn@saigonnet.vn Chennai Office:
DBS Office Business Center, 31A,
Cathedral Garden Road, Near
Palmgrove Hotel, Chennai-600 034,
Tamil Nadu, India
Tel: (+91) 44-5264-9495
Fax: (+91) 44-5264-9495
E-mail: maxellchennai@touchtelindia.net

Catalog contents accurate as of September, 2008.


Data and dimensions are just reference values.
Contents on this catalog are subject to change without notice.
Committed to the highest quality assurance management standards as well as responsibility to the environment,
Maxell's Batteries production facilities are accredited with both ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 certifications.

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