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CHAPTER 1
1.1 INTRODUCTION
Many things and consequences in our daily works are often needed to do
with small or even large amount of efforts. Not only for adult persons who took
responsibilities for their family, but also for the youths like students. Despite of
having multiple of works and activities to do, students often shows an incredible
hands down when it comes to bunch of homework and projects to do. Some will
say that, it is only a usual negative reaction to a various activities that they need to
finish. This is known to be lazy at the first place and cramming on every possible
way, then they will rush to finish their obligation at the end, like „beating the red
light‟. The question is, what is the perception of the student when it comes to
procrastination or cramming, and how long it will affect the student? According
set or not.
The purpose of this research was to know and understand the perception of
according to:
1.1 Age
1.2 Gender
3. What are the causes why STI senior high students procrastinate?
4. What could be the good and bad effects of procrastinating towards STI
The primary goal of this research was to determine the perspective of STI
procrastination or cramming.
students.
The following are the assumed results based on the objectives of this
research:
4. Lack of time to prepare for the incoming works and higher risk of failure.
School: This will help the school to get a better view of the insights of
management but also in the psychological aspect. This study could build a better
Senior High school and College students: This will help them have a
and tasks. They can use this as a tool to assess themselves, and help others like
regarding the bird‟s-eye view of the topic which is commonly unknown for many.
This is also an opportunity to dig deeper and know more about procrastination
that sounds usual to the masses but definitely a complex one. This will also help
them sharpen their understanding regarding this phenomenon. This study will also
serve as a mirror for future researchers because there are possibilities that they
will see themselves on the respondents‟ point of view. They will definitely gain
The study was conducted at STI College - Santa Rosa located at Garnet
Rd., Balibago Commercial Complex, Santa Rosa, Laguna. The target respondents
are part of the Senior high school department. The researchers carefully selected 4
students, two males and two females, to have a more balanced result according to
gender. The respondents are enrolled on the following strands available at STI-
& Communication Technology, CA: Culinary Arts, and TO: Tourism Operations.
The age range of the student respondents are 15-20 years old, regardless of
The study will only discuss the perception and opinion of the selected
senior high students enrolled in STI College Santa Rosa. It will not include the
and its staff. The study will only focus on the subject which is procrastination,
Sta. Rosa.
The
The socio- perception of
demographic STI-SR
Through
profile of senior high
survey students
respondents:
questionna- towards
Age ires procrastinat-
Gender ion or
Strand cramming
RESEARCH PARADIGM
Fig 1.1 Research Paradigm on the perception of STI Santa Rosa senior high
students towards procrastinating.
Beating the red light is the act of pushing the limitations, sometimes leads to
unwanted consequences.
Cliché is something (as a menu item) that has become overly familiar or
commonplace.
of the conscience.
alone.
statistical significance.
Mind-set is the way where your mind focuses on a certain subject or goal to be
achieved.
perception of reality.
process.
time intentionally.
practical applications.
CHAPTER 2
failures that can‟t be explained until now; it is also a current and destructive
behaviour in this era. So, Steel reviewed the relevant conceptual, theoretical and
and effects shows that neuroticism, rebelliousness, and sensation seeking show
only a weak connection. Steel also said that the following are the strong and
a disease that eats away the students‟ productivity. An American study estimates
that 70% of students showed the signs of this behaviour. “Students are
biologically and socially predisposed to put off until tomorrow what we should do
today.”, “Aside from the cliché that students are more impulsive, in your early
20s you're still developing your pre-frontal cortex, home of the will power.”
Fig 2.1 A Field Guide to Procrastinators (n.d) Retrieved on January 1, 2017, from,
20px.com/blog/2013/09/06/a-field-guide-to-procrastinaton
procrastinates and there are some more than others. She also said that people
procrastinate or doing things off when they overestimated the time they have or
overestimate their abilities and motivation, expecting that things will go smoothly
without a flaw. She also mentioned that people uses all sorts of excuses to justify
their procrastination: It‟s either they do not know how to complete or they really
don‟t know what needs to be done. Sometimes, they will say that they are not in
the mood or they forget. To blame others or waiting for the right moment or for
inspiration is also one of the excuses. Another thing that Koo expressed in the
blog is that people may also think that they can do better under pressure, waiting
until the last minute, believing they can finish on time and do other tasks. She
mentioned that there is a research who said that there are active and passive
procrastinators: The active ones are those who works under pressure and finishes
the tasks on time while on the other hand, the passive procrastinators are those
who continue to wait and delay and never get to accomplish their work.
perfectionists” aims at unrealistic high standards and is afraid to fail. They are
Another blog in the internet with a title of “Saka na, bukas na: Pinoy
procrastination” asks if we, the Filipinos, ever wondered how the timeless virtue
„Filipino time‟ originated? Do we know why did the grasshopper starved to death
in the story of “The ant and the grasshopper”? Do we also know why the hare lost
the race against the turtle? Based on this blog, it is because of the act of
the mañana habit we inherited from our conqueror centuries ago. If we will look
into reality, procrastinating is a thief of time. Time is the only thing in this world
that all of us can lose and never regain. By procrastinating, an individual is at risk
of wasting and killing the time. Unfortunately, when the individual realizes this
fact, he has already run out of time. He/she might try not to give up by saying the
famous line “bahala na” and hoping that there would be a “later”. The conflict is
affective and cognitive phenomenon which draws out from an individual‟s fear of
failure or task aversiveness (Solomon & Rothblum, 1984). The fear of failure is
related to low self-confidence where individuals delay tasks because of the fear or
belief that they will not accomplish it. Students with high confidence can
CHAPTER 3
This chapter of the study shows the research methods and designs,
research instruments used, and respondents who participated for the said study
subject.
Descriptive research is the method used for this study. Collection of data
analysing and evaluating the perception of STI Santa Rosa senior high students.
This method helped to determine the state of the act of procrastinating in the
This method and structure deal with the different variations of perception
of the respondents for this study. It is also related on events that happened and
still happening until now supported by studies that were done before.
questionnaires. The questionnaire is composed of two (2) parts: First, is where the
researchers obtained the profile of the selected respondents where they are
grouped according to age, gender, and their academic strand. The second part was
criteria: the respondents should be senior high students of STI-SR from the 6
Information & Communication Technology, CA: Culinary Arts, and TO: Tourism
Operations) with 4 respondents each from each strand, two (2) males and two (2)
the topic of the study and through survey. The researchers included blogs, articles,
and any other material related to the study. The set of questionnaires were
validated by the thesis instructor. After the questionnaire was validated, it was
problem statement. The survey forms were validated by the Practical Research 1
was pre- tested to GAS112-1B students of STI College of Santa Rosa, not
belonging to the target respondents of the research study which were the students
from GAS, STEM, CA, TO, ABM and WEB of the same said school. The pre-
test was done to check if the questionnaire was easy to understand and was able to
execute the right answer that would help the researchers answer the problem
statement. And since there were no revisions required, the survey forms were
The statistical tool used for the research was the Percentage Distribution
a scale that would measure the attitude of people in the manner of measuring
temperature. The five- point Likert scale numbered one to five or labeled strongly
agree, agree, neutral, disagree, and strongly disagree was usually administered in
a questionnaire form and another scale which was also ranked from five to one or
reaction to each statement given. The data gathered from the respondents were
on a statement given.
1 = strongly disagree
2 = disagree
3 = neutral/ undecided
4 = agree
5 = strongly agree
CHAPTER 4
This chapter presented findings based on the gathered data. The concern of
this study was to determine the perception of selected senior high students of STI
College Santa Rosa. This data shows their perception on how they define
Figure 1.1 to Figure 1.3 shows the percentage distribution of the profile of
the respondents according to age, gender, and academic strand they are enrolled.
I. SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE
A. Age Distribution
Age
50% 46%
45%
40%
33%
35%
30%
25%
20%
15% 13%
10%
4% 4%
5% 0%
0%
15 yrs old 16 yrs old 17 yrs old 18 yrs old 19 yrs old 20 yrs old
Fig. 1.1
B. Gender Distribution
60%
Gender
50% 50%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Male Female
Fig. 1.2
academic strands (GAS, STEM, ABM, WEB, CA, and TO), available
at STI Colleges of Santa Rosa, four (4) respondents were taken from
each strand.
Academic Strand
18%
17% 17% 17% 17% 17% 17%
16%
14%
12%
10%
8%
6%
4%
2%
0%
GAS STEM ABM WEB CA TO
Fig. 1.3
15%
10%
5%
0%
0%
HABITUAL STRESS RELIEVER NEGATIVE HABIT A NATURAL OTHERS
MINDSET
Fig. 2.1
Based on Figure 2.1, among the 24 senior high school respondents from
STI Colleges of Santa Rosa, there are Twenty-nine percent (29%) said that
is also a negative habit, in a total of Fifty percent (50%). While the rest Twenty-
one percent (21%) said that procrastination is already a part of humans‟ way of
thinking.
Frequency of Procrastination
40% 38%
35%
29%
30%
25%
25%
20%
15%
10% 8%
5%
0%
0%
ALWAYS OFTEN SELDOM SOMETIMES NEVER
Fig. 3.1
of the respondents said that they only procrastinate sometimes while there is also
One-fourth of the percentage of the total respondents (25%) declared that they do
the act of procrastination in a seldom manner. Only Eight percent (8%) admitted
that they always procrastinate and no one proclaimed that they never did the act of
procrastination.
The respondents were asked on what do they think are the causes why
4.5)
Legend:
5 – Strongly Disagree
4- Disagree
3 –Undecided/Neutral
2 – Agree
1 – Strongly Disagree
Laziness
45%
42%
40%
35%
30%
25%
21%
20%
17%
15% 13%
10% 8%
5%
0%
Fig. 4.1
Based on the chart (Fig. 4.1), Forty-two percent (42%) almost half of the
are Twenty-one percent (21%) that strongly agreed, Seventeen percent (17%) said
that they are undecided. Some of the respondents, Thirteen percent (13%)
disagreed and only Eight percent (8%) strongly agreed that this is the cause.
Lack of Motivation
45%
42%
40%
35%
30%
25%
21%
20%
17%
15% 13%
10% 8%
5%
0%
Fig. 4.2
that the cause why they procrastinate is the lack of motivation to act. Half of the
percentage of the latter, Twenty-one percent (21%) disagreed that this could be
the cause. Seventeen percent (17%) chose undecided or neutral while Thirteen
percent (13%) said that they agree in it and only Eight percent (8%) of the
30%
25%
20%
17%
15% 13%
10%
4%
5%
0%
Fig. 4.3
and another Thirty-three percent (33%) disagreed that this could be the cause, a
total of Sixty-six percent (66%) covering over half of the general respondents
Thirteen percent (13%) strongly disagreed and only Four percent (4%) strongly
Fear to Fail
60%
54%
50%
40%
30%
20% 17%
13% 13%
10%
4%
0%
Fig. 4.4
Based on Fig. 4.4, Fifty-four percent (54%) over half of the total
Only Seventeen percent (17%) chose neutral or undecided while Thirteen percent
(13%) said that they strongly agreed and another Thirteen percent (13%) agreed
that this could be a cause, a total of Twenty-six percent (26%). Four percent (4%)
30% 29%
25%
21% 21%
20%
17%
15%
13%
10%
5%
0%
Fig. 4.5
prioritizing less important things are the cause of procrastination. Twenty one
percent (21%) of the respondents strongly agreed and also Twenty-one percent
(21%) strongly disagreed towards the choice. Seventeen percent (17%) stated that
they agree in this choice and Thirteen percent (13%) are neutral or undecided.
V. EFFECTS OF PROCRASTINATION
The respondents were asked if what are the effects of procrastination for
Effects Of Procrastination
50% 46%
45% 42%
40%
35%
30%
25%
20%
15%
10% 8%
4%
5%
0%
STRESSED REGRETS CHAIN OF FAILURE IT WOULD BE A LONG
TIME MINDSET
Fig. 5.1
respondents‟ experiences. Most of them, Forty-six percent (46%), stated that they
are more likely to be stressed which is common, based on the reality. While
Forty-two percent (42%) of the respondents said that they feel regrets for doing
picked by Eight percent (8%) of the respondents as their answers. The least choice
that they picked is that it would be a long time mind set; Four percent (4%) of the
CHAPTER 5
RECOMMENDATIONS
This chapter gives the summary of the findings, conclusions, and the
cramming.
information relevant to the study. Questionnaires were the main tool used to
solicit responses from the respondents which were analysed using statistical
a. Age
b. Gender
c. Academic Strand
a. Habitual
b. Stress reliever
c. Negative Habit
a. Always
b. Often
c. Seldom
d. Sometimes
e. Never
a. Laziness
b. Lack of Motivation
d. Fear to fail
procrastinator?
a. Stressed
b. Regrets
c. Chain of failures
findings:
respondents (33%), then there are three (3) 18 yrs. old respondents (13%), and
The respondents are all Grade 11 senior high students of STI Colleges of
Santa Rosa. They came from the 6 academic strands available at the said school, 4
behaviour. 38% admitted that they only procrastinate sometimes. 42% of the
respondents strongly agreed that lack of motivation is the main reason why people
procrastinate; 42% agreed that laziness is the main factor. Then, 33% of the
respondents were undecided if being not interested on the given task is a cause to
procrastinate. But then there were 29% of the respondents disagreed that
the respondents‟ population didn‟t really agree that the fear to fail is a reason why
people procrastinate or cram. For the last summary, 46% of the respondents
committed.
5.2 CONCLUSION:
Based on the result of the study, the following conclusions were drawn:
senior high school is the normal and usual grade level of students who has
this year of age. The rest of the respondents who has the age that is less
than and greater than 17 were assumed that they entered schooling too
each. The researchers took an equal number of the two (2) genders in
males and females. In this research, it is proved that gender doesn‟t affect
The respondents were selected from the 6 academic strands that are
different strands. But based from the research, the respondents from each
them is just a normal part of everydays‟ routine, that in every kind of work
some leisure things to make his mood positive and to avoid boredom.
have the sense of responsibility which means that they already know in
theirselves that they couldn‟t let important things to be just ignored and
procrastination for the respondents, and the result was stress is the greatest
piled up until the deadline came near. It is also the negative side of
something to resolve the thing that needs to be resolved and that stress is
the result if the pressure builds up to the point that an individual couldn‟t
5.3 RECOMMENDATION:
After careful analysis of the findings and conclusions of this study, the
1. The next researchers for procrastination‟s causes and effects are encourage
2. Students that are willing to make this research to be revised should clear
3. Future researchers should also study if childhood has a relation to the act
is the relevance between the two. They must also expect that there would
REFERENCES:
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/
20px.com/blog/2013/09/06/a-field-guide-to-procrastinator
http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.133.1.65
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5914.2007.00331.x
http://thepoc.net/index.php/saka-na-bukas-na-pinoy-procrastination/
newsinfo.inquirer.net/543439/why-do-people-procrastinate