The Extent of Parental Involvement; Its Relationship

to Academic performance of early childhood

 Introduction

Education begins at home. Parents are considered to be the most important

primary role models in their young children’s immediate surroundings. Parents,

teachers and school should be working hand in hand in preparing children spiritually,

socially, emotionally, physically and intellectually. Parental involvement is a

combination of commitment and active participation on the part of the parent to the

school and to the pupil. As parent’s involvement is increased, teachers and school

administrators also raise the chance to realize quality reform in education. Assuring

children’s academic achievement and success in school is one of the important

aspirations of every parent.

Children perform better in school when they have opportunities to learn from

their two primary contexts of development, namely, the home and school (Nierva,

2009). When parents, teachers and schools support one another and build a strong

partnership, it will result to academic success. According to the works of Epstein,

parents and schools recognize their shared interests in and responsibilities for

children, and they work together to create better programs and opportunities for

students. Mutual effort toward a shared goal implies shared responsibility of families

and educators for supporting students as learners (Pineda 2018).

 In order for a child to succeed, parents exert a lot of influence on their child's

cognitive development in the early years and thus, the contact between home and

school should be maintained, especially during the primary school years. Although

family background appears to be a powerful determinant of parental involvement,

most parents, if duly encouraged, are able to devote extra time and effort to assisting

with their children’s education, both in the home and school settings (Ho, 2009).

Parent support and participation are well defined if the

principal, teachers and parents go hand in hand in achieving the progress of the pupils

and of the total school community (Evangelista, 2008).

This study aims to measure the parental involvement of preschool children

and its relationship to their academic performance.

 Statement of the Problem

This study was conducted to determine the extent of Parental involvement and its relationship to the

academic performance of early childhood pupils.

Specifically, this sought to answer the following objectives;

1. What is the parental involvement at school in terms of attendance in general meeting, parent-

teacher conference and school/class activities?

2. What is the socio demographic profile of the family in terms of age, family monthly income,

number of siblings in the family, distance of home to the school?

3. Is there any significant relationship between the Extent of Parental Involvement and socio

demographic profile of the family?

4. Is there any significant relationship between the socio demographic profile of the family and the

academic performance of early childhood pupils?

5. Is there any significant relationship between the extent of Parental Involvement and the

academic performance of the early childhood pupils?

Hypothesis

1. There is no significant relationship between the Extent of Parental Involvement and Socio

Demographic Profile of the family.

2. There is no significant relationship between the socio demographic profile of the family and the

academic performance of early childhood pupils.

3. There is no significant relationship between the extent of Parental Involvement and the

academic performance of the early childhood pupils.

 Schematic Diagram

Independent Variables Intervening Variables Dependent Variables

Parental Involvement Socio demographic Academic Performance

Profile
in School/Class
1.Age 1. Attendance
Activities 2.Family monthly
Income 2. Participation
1.Attendance at a 3.Number of siblings 3. Test Score
in the family
general meeting 4. distance of home
4. Class Activities
to school 5. Assignment
2. Parent-Teacher
Conference

3. School or class event

4. Volunteering or
Serving a committee
at school