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ECHTAY:
1) In DKA, which one is false:
A- 15-30% of the case occure is newly diagnosed type 1DM (IDD)
B- Bicarbonates are only used in severe cases of acidosis
C- On presentation, serum potassium is usually normal or high
D- With treatmemt, acidosis is corrected earlier than hyperglycemia
E- Non of the above
3) As regarding the difference b/w DKA and HHS, which of the following is false:
A- The fluid deficit in HHS is more than DKA
B- The insulin requirement for TT in HHS is more than in DKA
C- Potassium replacement is required earlier in HHS than in DKA
D- Osmolarity is higher in HHS than in DKA
E- None of the above
9) All of the following are risk factors for osteoporotic fractures except:
A- Early menopause
B- Overweight
C- Alcohol
D- Current cigarette smoking
E- Dementia
10) In slowing progression from microalbuminuria to overt nephropathy, all of the following should be
done except:
A- Near normalisation of glycemia
B- Strict BP control
C- Administration of ACE inhibitors or ARBs
D- Treatment if dyslipidemia
E- Non of the above
11)According the new IDF (International Diabetes Federation) definition of the metabolic syndrome,
all of the following criteria are correct except:
A- Waist circumference > or = 94 cm (men) and > or = 80 cm (women)
B- TG > or = 150 mg/dL
C- HDL < 40 mg/dL (men) and < 50 mg/dL (women)
D- BP > or = 130/25 mmHg
E- Fasting glucose > or = 110 mg/dL
12) In type 2 DM, HbA1c should be individualized based on which of fhe following:
A- The age of the patient
B- The duration of the disease
C- The presence or abscence of established complications
D- All of the above
E- Non of the above
13) The chronic intake of all of the following could lead to osteoporosis except:
A- Steroids
B- Excessive thyroxine hormone
C- Cyclosporine
D- Anti-convulsants
E- Non of the above