Civil Engineering Department, Mehran

UET Jamshoro

Lecture 2

Shanker Lal Meghwar

Lecturer
BE (Civil), ME (STE)
engr.shankarjessani@gmail.com
shanker.lal@faculty.muet.edu.pk
Force and Its Characterstatics, Force
System and its Types
 Learning Objectives

To know about:

• Force
• Types of force
• What is force system?
 Force
• An agent which produces or tends to produce,
destroys or tends to destroy motion. e.g., a horse
applies force to pull a cart and to set it in motion

• The applied force may not be sufficient to move a

body

• A force may not necessarily produce a motion in a

body; but it may, simply, tend to do so

• Force contains direction and magnitude

 Force
• The direction of the line, along which the force acts is
known as line of action of the force

• Direction of force is denoted by putting the arrow

head on the line of action of the force

• The point at which the force acts i.e. point of

application

• Force can be push or pull according to its nature

 Types of Force
There are various types of force:

1. Compressive force
2. Tensile force
3. Shear force

Any other type…???

 Compressive Force

• The force which tend to squeezes the object.

 Tensile Force
• The force which tend to elongate the object.
Combined, Compressive and Tensile
 Shear Force
• Shear means to cut
• Kind of compressive force, but line of action of
opposite forces are different which tends to shear of
the object.
 Force System
• When two or more forces act on a body they are
called to form a system of forces
 Coplanar Forces
• The forces, whose lines of action lie on the same
plane, are known as coplanar forces
 Concurrent Forces
• The forces, which meet at one point are known as
concurrent forces
 Collinear Forces
• The forces whose line of action lie on the same line,
are known as collinear force.
 Coplanar Concurrent Forces
• The forces, which meet at one point and their lines of
action also lie on the same plane, are known as
coplanar concurrent forces
 Coplanar Non-Concurrent Forces
• The forces, which do not meet at one point, but their
lines of action lie on the same plane, are known as
coplanar non-concurrent forces
 Non-Coplanar Concurrent Forces
• The forces, which meet at one point, but their lines
of action do not lie on the same plane, are known as
non-coplanar concurrent forces
Non-Coplanar Non-Concurrent Forces
• The forces, which do not meet at one point and their
lines of action do not lie on the same plane, are
called non-coplanar non-concurrent forces
 References
• Google.com

• Engineering Mechanics (Statics) by R. C Hibbeler

• Engineering Mechanics by RS Khurmi

Thanks for Your Patient…