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I.INTRODUCTION
U.S environmental protection agency (EPA) defines
construction and demolition (C&D) waste as waste
materials consist of the debris generated during the Figure 1. Percentage Distribution of C & D waste in India
construction, renovation, and demolition of buildings,
roads, and bridges. C&D materials often contain materials Table 1. Quantity of various constituents generated per year.
that include: concrete, asphalt, wood, metals, gypsum,
plastics and salvaged building components. It is a
Constituent million tonnes/year
challenging task to handle C&D waste because it is bulky,
heavy and inert and also mixture of various materials of
different characteristics. it is also difficult to choose any Soil, Sand and gravel 4.20 to 5.14
suitable disposal method, for example, it cannot be
incinerated due to its high density and inertness. With the Bricks and masonry 3.60 to 4.40
advent of sustainable practices in the construction industry,
C&D waste generation and handling issues have been in Concrete 2.40 to 3.67
focus to achieve the sustainable goals for our common
future. Reduce, reuse, and recycle (3Rs) philosophy is Metals 0.60 to 0.73
highly useful in handling of C&D waste. The better practice
to handle C&D waste is to minimize generation of C&D Bitumen 0.25 to 0.30
waste, but sometimes it is unavoidable due to various issues
such as change-orders or demolition requirements for Wood 0.25 to 0.30
redevelopment. Globally, building waste production of 2 to
3 billion tonnes per year is estimated, of which 30-40 % is Others 0.10 to 0.15
concrete. C&D waste issues are more important for the
Basharat Hamid, Department of Civil Engineering, RIMT University,
Mandi-Gobindgarh, Punjab, India. CLASSIFICATION OF WASTES:
Anuj Sachar, Department of Civil Engineering, RIMT University, Mandi- Recyclable waste:
Gobindgarh, Punjab, India.
Sandeep Singla, Department of Civil Engineering, RIMT University, Steel, Plastic, Bricks, Glass
Mandi-Gobindgarh, Punjab, India.
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International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE)
ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume-X, Issue-X, don’t delete Top & Bottom Header, & Fill up Manuscript details (Ist Page, Bottom, Left Side)
Manal S. et al. (2014) developed a detailed process for to Sumit Arora et al. (2015) slated that natural resources are
calculate construction and demolition waste management limited in nature and will be depleted with time. In order to
approaches by use of Decision Matrix technique. And conserve the natural resources, unnecessary wasting of
introduced procedure helps the decision maker such as the natural resources should be restricted and regulated.
C&D contractor or Transportation firms as well as the Formulation and implementation of proper waste
policy maker on strategic level to take the different management plan throughout the life cycle of the projects
influencing factors. Provided data, when planning; can minimize C&D waste. With an integrated resource
changing or implementing C&D waste management management scheme, most of the construction and
systems and approaches. And recommended to make a cost demolition material can be recycled or reuse and more
and benefit analysis for each stakeholder in the CDWM natural resources can be conserved for our next generations.
system considering weighing the discussed pros and cons of The success of recycling requires promotion by means of
every approach. education and information, in addition to judicial rules
from the concerned governing body.
Shishir Bansal et al. (2014) concluded that there are less
amount of natural construction resources so It is necessary Harish. P. Gayakwad et al. (2015) concluded that it is
to reduce C&D waste generation and increase difficult to manage Construction and Demolition waste in
reuse/recycling as the construction industry .in view of the future. Data should be generated On the basis of
international experiences, shortage of aggregate from Construction and Demolition waste generation on sites.
natural sources being discovered in many parts of the And promote the. Separation of Construction and
country, so now recycled aggregate can use in constructions Demolition waste. The method for collection of waste
processes. The government Municipal waste laws are should be discovered and modified it suitable for future.
required to modify and prepare effective plans and strict Reuse and recycling of waste materials also should be in
rules and regulations are important forget out of this method thus charges should be applied on generation of
problem. And recycled products are important to promote Construction and Demolition waste.
the use.
Nur Najihah Osmana et al. (2016) slated that Improvement
NuriaCalvo et al. (2014) described a system based on rules in construction waste management among industry
measures which key factor in order to create a 3Rs model stakeholders especially in Malaysia is crucial in ensuring
(Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) for incorporate universities in the the industry continues to remain relevant. In addition,
C&D waste management for costs savings. By main developing countries like Malaysia are still lack of
objectives like restraint of idle wastes, reduction of awareness of the importance of good waste management
unnecessary landfills and imitation of recycled C&D wastes practices due to the issue of monetary profit that becoming
and found a broad understanding of the socioeconomic main target to the industry stakeholders. Awareness of
factors implications of waste management over time and industry stakeholders are seems important in order to
policies in the recycled aggregates market and got the goal minimize the gap between developing countries and
of 30% C&D waste aggregates in 12 years or less then it. developed countries.
Abhijith Harikumaret al. (2014) suggested the reusing of Thangjam Somchand Singh et al. (2015) reviewed on
the material waste is very good and helpful especially when systematic investigation on the management of construction
it will be useful in minimizing demolition of earth’s stone materials and construction wastes are presented. Review
crust and green forest cover by aim of reduced mining. By revealed the requirement of a change in management
proper reduce, reuse and recycling, these waste materials processes of construction materials. Introduction of
will not addition of wastes at dumping and disposal sites. mechanized handling of construction materials will
Showed that Construction industry can help by encouraging improve efficiency and cost effectiveness on the
use of recycled concrete stones and bricks. Towards its construction site. It revealed that minimization of wastage
commitment to protection of environment. of construction materials during the construction phases is
helpful for reduce the cost of the project.
Sadhan K Ghosha et al. (2015) proposed a model for
transportation rates and resale value of recyclable materials Sawant Surendra B. et al. (2016) slate the management of
which makes use of easily available data that can provide construction waste plays important factor in the cost of
an intuitive and simple optimization model for the basic project. And it can estimate the cost of construction waste
principles of Reduce, Reuse and Recycle into action. and its impact on cost of project. and also observed that by
Identified the most common causes of waste on site. And the generation of construction waste not only the cost of the
identified the advantages of construction waste project get increased but also high amount of valuable land
management. is got occupied by waste generated in construction industry
and it had negative impact on environment. And suggested
that by reducing construction waste can help decrease the
cost of project.
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International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE)
ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume-X, Issue-X, don’t delete Top & Bottom Header, & Fill up Manuscript details (Ist Page, Bottom, Left Side)
B. Company Practices:
After a careful evaluation of the responses from the
questionnaires, the researcher observed similarity in the
responses gathered therefore the analysis will not show a
comparison between the two firms.
The forms waste take in these firms:
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“alternately” (unless you really mean something that chemical composition need not be reported if the main
alternates). Use the word “whereas” instead of “while” purpose of a paper is to introduce a new measurement
(unless you are referring to simultaneous events). Do not technique. Authors should expect to be challenged by
use the word “essentially” to mean “approximately” or reviewers if the results are not supported by adequate
“effectively.” Do not use the word “issue” as a euphemism data and critical details.
for “problem.” When compositions are not specified,
separate chemical symbols by en-dashes; for example, XVIII. CONCLUSION
“NiMn” indicates the intermetallic compound Ni 0.5Mn0.5
A conclusion section is not required. Although a
whereas “Ni–Mn” indicates an alloy of some composition
conclusion may review the main points of the paper, do not
NixMn1-x.
replicate the abstract as the conclusion. A conclusion might
Be aware of the different meanings of the homophones
elaborate on the importance of the work or suggest
“affect” (usually a verb) and “effect” (usually a noun),
applications and extensions.
“complement” and “compliment,” “discreet” and
“discrete,” “principal” (e.g., “principal investigator”) and
APPENDIX
“principle” (e.g., “principle of measurement”). Do not
confuse “imply” and “infer.” It is optional. Appendixes, if needed, appear before the
Prefixes such as “non,” “sub,” “micro,” “multi,” and acknowledgment.
“"ultra” are not independent words; they should be joined to
the words they modify, usually without a hyphen. There is ACKNOWLEDGMENT
no period after the “et” in the Latin abbreviation “et al.” (it
It is optional. The preferred spelling of the word
is also italicized). The abbreviation “i.e.,” means “that is,”
“acknowledgment” in American English is without an “e”
and the abbreviation “e.g.,” means “for example” (these
after the “g.” Use the singular heading even if you have
abbreviations are not italicized).
many acknowledgments. Avoid expressions such as “One of
An excellent style manual and source of information for
us (S.B.A.) would like to thank ... .” Instead, write “F. A.
science writers is [9].
Author thanks ” Sponsor and financial support
acknowledgments are placed in the unnumbered footnote
XVI. EDITORIAL POLICY
on the first page.
The submitting author is responsible for obtaining
agreement of all coauthors and any consent required from REFERENCES
sponsors before submitting a paper. It is the obligation of 1. G. O. Young, “Synthetic structure of industrial plastics (Book style with
the authors to cite relevant prior work. paper title and editor),” in Plastics, 2nd ed. vol. 3, J. Peters, Ed. New
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2. W.-K. Chen, Linear Networks and Systems (Book style).Belmont, CA:
to the journal again. Wadsworth, 1993, pp. 123–135.
3. H. Poor, An Introduction to Signal Detection and Estimation. New
XVII. PUBLICATION PRINCIPLES York: Springer-Verlag, 1985, ch. 4.
4. B. Smith, “An approach to graphs of linear forms (Unpublished work
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ENGINEERING AND ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY 6. J. Wang, “Fundamentals of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers arrays
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Electron., submitted for publication.
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subjects and topics of current interest. communication, May 1995.
Authors should consider the following points: 8. Y. Yorozu, M. Hirano, K. Oka, and Y. Tagawa, “Electron spectroscopy
studies on magneto-optical media and plastic substrate
1) Technical papers submitted for publication must interfaces(Translation Journals style),” IEEE Transl. J. Magn.Jpn., vol.
advance the state of knowledge and must cite relevant 2, Aug. 1987, pp. 740–741 [Dig. 9 Annu. Conf. Magnetics Japan,
th
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International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE)
ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume-X, Issue-X, don’t delete Top & Bottom Header, & Fill up Manuscript details (Ist Page, Bottom, Left Side)
Published By:
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