Madison Brandenburg

Professor Pedrotti

English Composition 2

30 June 2019

Annotated Bibliography

In my essay I am going to attempt and recognize why we dream, what the dreams

mean, and how they are being figured out. I want to know this because I have talked to many

people who say they don’t dream, have five dreams a night, or dream and then don’t

remember and I want to know why. Personally, I did not start remembering my dreams until I

graduated high school, after that I dream at least once a night and remember it the next day.

Does this have to do what we think about when we go to sleep or how deep we get into sleep?

Hooper, Rowan. “Decoding dreams: 6 Answers to What Goes on Inside the Sleeping Mind.”

The Washington Post, 7 Apr. 2018, https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-

science/decoding-dreams-6-answers-to-what-goes-on-inside-the-sleeping-

mind/2018/04/06/69b6f7c0-2de7-11e8-b0b0-

Rowan Hooper wrote this article in 2018 through The Washington Post and I have found

this very interesting. He hits on why we dream what we do, when it happens, why it is so hard to

remember, even if men and woman dream differently. This article would help me majorly with

finding the information I want to know, but only in simple detail.

This was clearly an informative article focused on people who want to know more about

their dreams and why they happen. This was written in the past year and a half so the
information is still pretty recent and is focused through the science department of Washington

Post.

Hooper is a health and science journalist for The Washing Post- a major newspaper and

website. He has a PhD in evolutionary biology and has studied it for many years in the United

States, and even Japan. He has written a book and worked for many different scientific

magazines as a credible author and publisher! I plan to use this article to start off my

explanations of the reasons we dream, why and how!

National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. “Brain Basics: Understanding Sleep.”

National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, U.S. Department of Health and

Human Services, 8 Feb. 2019, www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/Patient-Caregiver-

Education/Understanding-Sleep.

Sander van der Linden wrote this article for Scientific American discussing what causes

us to dream the way we do, and the theories scientists have about dreaming. He talks about how

the Greeks and Romans noticed the ‘power’ of dreams to newly discovered information of

neuroscientists finding out how we remember our dreams.

This was more of an academic article to show the science behind dreaming. I believe the

audience of this article was focused on students who were researching dreams and wanted to

know more, or maybe other scientists to compare their information.

Sander van der Linden is a journalist for the Scientific American who focuses on

psychology and why things happen the way they do. I cannot find much information on him, but

all of his articles are cited and have different sources of information making him see very
credible. I plan on using this article for more back ground information on the scientific part of

dreams and the neurological things that go along with it.

Waggoner, Robert, and Caroline McCready. Lucid Dreaming, Plain and Simple: Tips and

Techniques for Insight, Creativity, and Personal Growth. Conari Press, an Imprint of Red

Wheel/Weiser, 2015.

Robert Waggoner and Caroline McCready wrote this book explaining lucid dreaming,

how to do it, and how it can help you. I have not yet to read the book, but I plan on buying it

once I get my next paycheck and explore the information it has to offer for my project.

I would say this is more of an informative entertainment book. Not only is it teaching you

about lucid dreaming but how to perform and control it. This was focused for the people who

want to branch out and learn how to be creative with their dreams, or just know more about it.

Waggoner is the president of Study of Dreams (IASD), author, and journalist. McCready

is a teacher of medication, lucid dreaming, and creativity workshops in London. These two

together make this book very credible due to Waggoner knowing the science behind lucid

dreaming, and McCready with the skills to help you master it. I plan on using information from

this book to make my paper a tad bit more entertaining and help inform those of the possibilities

of lucid dreaming.

Dream Moods Inc. “Dream Dictionary.” Dream Moods A-Z Dream Dictionary, 21 Feb. 2019,

www.dreammoods.com/dreamdictionary/.

Dream Dictionary is run by Dream Moods Inc. who are constantly updating and

improving the interpretations on dreams. This website is just a fun and informative way to help
interpret why you dreamed this in a dream. For example, it talks about if you dream about a hair

dryer then a deeper meaning of this could be you need to clear your thoughts on try to take a new

perspective on things.

I would say this website is more for entertainment and to help understand the meaning of

things. This would be for anyone curious of their dreams and their meanings. This website is

shown to be updated regularly so the information stays current.

The writes are through Dream Moods Inc. and do not include singled- out people but

their company. This might not be the strongest CRAAP model, but it could help me break down

a dream in my research paper and get a different look than already perceived. I plan on using this

information to compare other dreams that scientist/ psychologists have already examined.

National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. “Brain Basics: Understanding Sleep.”

National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, U.S. Department of Health and

Human Services, 8 Feb. 2019, www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/Patient-Caregiver-

Education/Understanding-Sleep.

This article was written by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stoke to

inform people about sleeping, dreaming, and tracking it all together. Each article has different

information about the importance of sleep and the meaning behind it. For example, this article

goes into deeper detail about REM and why it is that’s when we dream the most.

The institute wrote this to inform and give facts about the anatomy, sleep stages,

dreaming, etc. to help anyone understand why it is so needed and important. This is coming from

a well-known institute and was last undated in February 2019 so the information is up to date
and accurate. I plan on using this information to help give reasoning and scientific explanations

of the different sleep cycles and when dreaming occurs.