Construction Methodology

General:
The proposed building is the extension of Building 183 at Unitec institute of technology.
The main aim of construction methodology is to inform you regarding the construction
sequence that will be followed to complete the project.

Planning
The project will be planned well. The complete plans will be studied in detail. After that the
project planning team will divide the whole work into a work packages. The critical path of
all activities will be detailed, and mobilisation will be done according that. There will be
proper work flow diagram and resources and machinery such as tower crane will be booked
at that time. Also based on that, the site utilisation plan will be helpful in marking the
temporary facilities and a health and safety.

Pre-Start Investigation:
Before the start of the project, the site investigation will be carried out after the awarding of
the project. The soil condition of the site investigated to confirm whether it is compliance
with definition of good ground. Following condition should be made to ensure the site
supporting the foundation to be good ground:
a. There is no buried service underneath soil that is investigated Through PIM (project
information memorandum) and site observation.
b. Site should be free from land slips or surface creep.
c. Soil should be free from buried organic topsoil.
To establish if the good ground is present, the soil profile and strength is qualitatively
determined through Scala penetrometer test. Scala penetrometer test is widely used for
estimating the safe bearing capacity of the soil. In this test steel cone have diameter
20mm end diameter pushed into ground by release from height of 0.51mm and
penetration is recorded.
1. Site survey: - site survey is carried out for the inspection of the land where work is
proposed. Site survey is important for gathering information regarding location of
obstacles and determine a precise location in construction site.
 The feasibility of the project will be drawn and other tests which ever may be necessary
will be carried out. They will help in existing conditions modelling also with the BIM data
of the project.

Site Logistics:
This is also a very important phase. Provision for each part of the machinery will be made.
The site is an extension of an existing building, it will be needed to establish fencing around
the area and make sure no hazard to the existing working area which will be functional
during the project duration.

Waste Management:
Waste management is another important part of this project. This is crucial as the college
will be operational and waste may present with a lot of hazards. The management of any
materials that come out of any demolition will be done in a designated zone. Proper bins
should be allocated to the different types of waste and timely removal of bins should be
done.

Sub Structure:
Before carrying out the excavation work, proper markings will be made on site and when the
area is fenced, the excavation will be carried out. The excavation work will be carried out and
after the formwork and blockwork is done for the foundation. The blockwork is carried out
with the help of hollow block that is filled with reinforced concrete. The backfilling will be
done. There must be proper quality standards followed and proper survey work carried out
beforehand. The drainage work is done before pouring is concrete start. After that curing
and TA inspection is done. Slab hard-fill is used for ground floor that is compacted followed
by reinforcement, DPC, slab pouring. Then saw and curing of slab is done to avoid shrinkage
damages in slab and cracking.

CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCES
1. Land
2. Soil test
3. Site planning (Architectural Drawing, Structural drawing, plumbing drawing, Electrical
drawing, cost estimating)
4. Site Preparation
a. Levelling the site
b. Worker Shade
c. Material Shade to Store Delicate Material like Cement
d. Water Connection
e. Electricity Connection
f. Approach Road
g. Security and Fencing
h. Site Access and Deliveries
5. Selection of Workers (project specific personal) ( project manager, accountant
executive, project estimator, project general superintendent, plan clerk, labour
foreman, labours, time keeper, project scheduler, administrator assistance, site safety
manger)
6. Layout
7. Earth Excavation
8. Preparation of Foundation Base (Brick soiling, sand filling etc)
a. Rod Binding & Fabrication
b. Collection of Centring & Fabrication
c. Clear cover
9. Grade Beam and Wall Foundation reinforcement
10. Concrete Preparation, Laying, Compaction & Curing
11. Casting of Column, Beam, Lintel, slab etc
12. Plastering (Plumbing, Electrical line)
13. Door/Window
14. Finishing Works like Floor Finish, Tiles
15. Painting
16. BNBC Compliances

1. Land: land information data would be gather from Auckland council Department and
will be used for the pre-project planning and site utilization purposes. Group of
surveyors from our organization will visit the site to attain real time site information
and conformation of the geotechnical information with the approval from client,
during the period when the consent is applied to be sanctioned.
2. Soil Investigation:
a. Soil sampling Procedures:
 using manual equipment surface seal of the soil shall be
removed.
 In accordance with NZ Geotechnical Society guidelines
material encountered in the pits will be noted down in the
report.
 Sample will be taken for various purpose like organic and
metal analyses and special take care for sampling with
freshly gloved hands and send to the laboratory for testing
purpose using glass jars and sealed with screw lids.
  Those equipment which will be used for sampling will be
primarily decontaminated using fresh water rinse and
Decon 90 detergent.
 All six samples will be collected in accordance with NZ
ministry for Environment guidelines and shipped to ARL
laboratory Auckland in chilled container.
 After completion of excavation objective, the test pits
would be backfilled in reverse order to make the land as
original surface appearance.
b. Soil bearing capacity test: To establish if the good ground is
present, the soil profile and strength is qualitatively determined
through Scala penetrometer test. Scala penetrometer test is
widely used for estimating the safe bearing capacity of the soil. In
this test steel cone have diameter 20mm end diameter pushed
into ground by release from height of 0.51mm and penetration is
recorded.
3. Site Planning:

a. Site mobilisation and setup with equipment.

b. Due diligence and site investigation.
c. Site utilisations.
d. PPE (personal protective equipment), Safety procedure and protocol to be
followed.
e. Foundation activity including formwork and arrangement of resources
cement, water supply, sand, aggregate etc.
f. Site monitoring and control.
g. Quality checks and assurance.
h. Documentation and recording of site activity.
i. Client handover.
During planning stage the provided architectural drawings, plumbing drawings, structural
drawing would be analysed and the cost incurred during the execution of construction stage
be calculated accurately. The following steps to be considered before the execution of
planning.
a. Ensure all dimension and elevations of site are available on the drawing.
b. Proper formulation of Gate Phase process which must be followed during the
whole life cycle of project phases.
c. Preparation and supply of shop drawings to the supplier and subcontractors after
being approved by the client.
d. Creation of the Bill of materials which involves data related with building
construction materials such as number of doors, window, wall and roofing
elements etc.
e. Standard operating procedures and technical specifications of site to be provided
to the all major stake holders involved.
 Once the consent is awarded and the conformation of the good ground condition is
received, the Site mobilisation and setup of all equipment will be initiated with in the same
date. The site utilization plan will be formed after having intensive discussion with all
stakeholder involved. PPE (personal protective equipment), Safety procedure and protocol
required to be followed must follow NZ Health and Safety at Work at ACT 2015. In
foundation planning the whole area of site and location will be considered and determine
the which material will be used for foundation. Mostly, cast in place concrete and concrete
masonry units are used for built foundations. In site monitoring, daily progress report would
be kept in record to examine the actual performance of work and whether it is followed with
the programme provided during the planning stage. The site control and quality check
should be maintained and followed as per the DMAIC rule (Define Measure Analyse
Implement and Control), in addition to it the project manager must participate in the phase
gate process which ensure the proper standard and procedures has been followed as being
planned initially during the planning stage.
Health and Safety:
Health and Safety is another aspect which needs to be taken care of. The safety of the crew
as well as any other person who has site access will also be taken into consideration. The
Signage as well as the training and will be provided to all persons. The health and safety
practises will be followed. The important aspect of health and safety will be the fact that the
college premises will be functional and special care will be taken.

4. Site Preparation: Site will be well prepared before execution of the work. Site
preparation crew arrived in site with bulldozer. The main job of site preparation crew
to clear the site of tress, debris, rock. Site preparation crew will provide good ground
condition for next jobs. All noxious, organic matter shall be removed from site by site
preparation crew.
a. Levelling: After doing site clearing the levelling is important job for site
preparation crews. To make sure there is no uneven surface in site. Proper
levelling will be carried out at site.
b. Worker Shade: worker shade will provide for worker and it is important for
any construction site in New Zealand. Worker will be take rest at worker
shade. Worker shade also protect worker if any type environment issue like
rain, wind.
c. Material Shade: Material shade will provide for protecting the material from
rain that is used in construction site like cement, structural element. In
material shade, material should be stake on dry elevated racks and pallet to
avoid any contact with water.
 d. Water Connection: Water Connection major importance of construction site.
Water is used for mixture of concrete and used at worker shade for washing
hand, toilets. Water need for worker for being hydrated.
e. Electrical Connection: Electricity connection need for every construction site.
All major activity depends upon the electricity. Lighting should be available if
worker work at night. Some machinery working with electricity also.
f. Approach road: construction of approach road for easy movement of
construction related vehicle like earth mover, dumpers etc. provide proper
incoming and outgoing vehicle programme so that they should not interface
with deliveries and supplier.
g. Security and Fencing: The site will be secured with temporary fencing and
there will be barricades at all entry and exit points. The storage areas will be
secured as well and if needed after hours security services will be provided
through a third-party contractor. This will also be beneficial in keeping
unwanted visitors a bay.
h. Site Access and Deliveries: Separate access would be provided for the
delivery vehicles of all the raw materials and construction equipment and
there will be parking facilities for the contractors and sub-contractors. Th
access will be kept segregated so that delivery vehicles are not affected by
and type of daily activities going on in the college.

5. Selection of Workers:

6. Layout: following are the proposed layout of building 183 of all level1, level2, lebel3.
Fig: LEVEL 1
Fig: Level 2
Fig: LEVEL 3
 7. Earth Excavation: Excavation will be done with the help of construction machinery
like digger. During excavation process lot of things keep in mind involved boundaries
of the building, location of the loose soil, construction of protection bunds and
drains. Make sure maintain and secure excavation free from erosion, water or other
fallen material and slips.
a. Excavations for service: There are lot of service in excavations including
drainage, plumbing, gas etc. excavation for service will be done reference
with service drawings.

8. Preparation of foundation base: in the preparation of foundation base DPM (Damp

Proof Membrane will used for preventing moisture. DPM will be protect during all
operations until slab of floor is completed. There are three different ways to used
damp proof membrane are explain below:
1. Resist moisture from below
2. Resist moisture from above
3. Resist moisture from horizontal entry
a. Rod Binding & Fabrication: Above the DPM reinforcement will be placed they
would bind with binding wire. Chair should be placed in between the
reinforcement to ensure proper gap between them. Below the lower
reinforcement smaller concrete block should be placed. Welding should be
done when necessary.
b. Formwork:

RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS
SITE SET UP REQUIREMENTS