POLLUTION

Pollution is the process of addition of harmful elements into the natural

resources like air, water, and soil. These are often the result of man’s
desire to live a luxurious life. However, these actions of pollution make it
very difficult for living beings to live a healthy life because of the harmful
effects of pollution. Let us now know the different types of pollution.

What Are Different Types Of Pollution

Pollution has many types and forms, however the most popular types of
Pollution are:

1. Air pollution
2. Water pollution
3. Soil pollution
4. Noise pollution
5. Light pollution
6. Thermal pollution
7. Radioactive pollution etc
There are various forms of pollution such as air pollution, noise pollution,
water pollution, etc. Out of the above list, the first four are the ones that
have raised serious concerns. Let us find out about each of the pollution
types, their causes and how they can be stopped.

1) What Is Air Pollution?

Air pollution is the act of emitting (polluting) various foreign materials
like industrial wastes, automobile emissions, and harmful particulate
materials into the air which makes it unfit for breathing or sustaining
living beings. Air pollution is the worst and most fatal forms of
environmental pollution.
The air pollution arises due to the introduction of harmful chemicals in
the air. Both natural process and human activities are responsible for
causing air pollution. Considering the human-made sources of pollution,
these include burning of different types of fuels, fumes from sprays and
paints, deposition of waste cause methane and military resources such as
toxic gases and nuclear weapons are some sources of human-made air
pollution. The natural sources of air pollution include dust from areas
that have less or no vegetation, carbon monoxide and smoke emerged
out of wildfires, volcanic activities producing chlorine, sulphur and ash
particles and much more.

How To Control And Reduce Air Pollution?

Pollution can be controlled up to a certain level, and it is very important
to do so. We need to take decisions to control wastes, perform waste
treatment and consider various technical factors to evade various forms
of pollution. Considering air pollution, some of the popular ways to
evade air pollution are:

a) Minimize the use of motor vehicles

Since there are a huge number of vehicles on the road today, it has led
to the emergence of a lot of smoke and disbursal of harmful toxins that
are very bad for the body. They cause contamination of air, which we
breathe and fall sick. Thus, it is important to use less of vehicles on the
road. How would you travel then? Use public transport. Since the public
transportation is such that it can carry more number of people than
normal two and four wheelers can do, it is preferable to use public
transport. In the metro cities, the development of metro has massively
helped people travel without using their own vehicles. The metros have a
capacity to carry over 1000 people at a time.
b) Do not burn things unnecessarily

People generally prefer burning out the organic waste. Instead, consider
decomposing it. The matter will turn out to be an organic manure that
can be used heavily for agricultural purposes. On the other hand,
burning of waste leads to air pollution.

c) Use less plastic

Plastic is one of the major sources of air pollution when burnt. The plastic
is so harmful when burnt that the smoke it releases is infected with
cancer leading particles. When we breathe in this air, we are more prone
to deadly diseases.

2) What Is Noise Pollution?

Noise pollution is the deliberate act of introducing higher levels of sound
that may have harmful psychological or physical effects on living beings.
All living beings can tolerate and thrive well in sound level of 70dB but a
sound level of 85dB (like busy roads, workshops etc) for more than 8
hours a day can result in serious health problems.

The disturbance caused due to noise which leads to harmful

consequences on humans and animals is caused noise pollution. Some of
the primary sources of this pollution are the machines, transportation,
trains, motor vehicles, etc. If the industrial and the residential areas lie
side by side, they bring a huge impact on the people such as hearing
loss or coronary artery diseases. In animals, the noise pollution holds a
tendency to cause them death. It is thus very important to have an urban
planning since most of the noise pollution is from the urban areas. The
development of industries, residential areas, hospitals should maintain
enough distance in order to avoid the adverse effects of the noise.
How To Reduce Noise Pollution
Here are some control measures to prevent noise pollution:

1. Make residential areas outside of industrial location of transports

like railway lines.
2. Do not produce high levels of sound (usually
on parties/celebrations) after 8PM or evening.
3. Keep a no sound zone for hospitals and old age homes
4. Plant more green trees to obstruct the passage of sound
Noise pollution commonly emerges from industries, factories, railways
and airports. The best way to get free of noise pollution and save your
health is to stay away from industrial areas, railway lines and airports. Try
to locate yourself in residential places that are calm and peaceful.
Generally, these residential areas are built away from these noise-making
places. Make sure you stay in one of them. If you are wondering how to
reduce noise pollution at home, you can talk slowly, close the doors
while working or studying so that outside noise doesn’t effect you.

Do not use car and bike horns unnecessarily: Do not use horns in your
cars and bikes unnecessarily. This will broadly help in evading noise
pollution. Make sure you are making a minimal use of the horns near
hospitals. One should understand that hospitals are full of patients. It
might be really disturbing for the people inside. Thus, avoid making
unnecessary noise near hospitals and residential areas.

3) What Is Water Pollution?

Water pollution is defined as the deliberate act of introducing harmful
materials into the water like urban sewage, industrial waste waters, oil
spills etc. Another indirect source of water pollution is soil pollution.
When we pollute the soil with fertilizers and pesticides, these accumulate
in rain water and flow to the rivers and seas. Which then makes the water
polluted.
The water pollution is caused when the impurities are added to the water
bodies such as rivers, oceans, lakes, groundwater, etc. It causes
environmental degradation. Water pollution is generally due to the
discharge of the contaminated stuff without treatment into water bodies
that releases harmful components in the water. It damages the biological
life in the water at large. Moreover, the humans and animals, both are
affected due to non-availability of fresh water.

The major causes of the pollution include pathogens, chemicals and

toxins released from the factories and otherwise. Huge industrialization
and urbanization have led to widespread water pollution.

How To Reduce Water Pollution?

In order to get rid of water pollution, it is imperative to evade the
contamination of water bodies. Majorly, it is the industries from where
the contaminated substances emerge out and get into the water bodies.
It is essential that proper treatment with the waste is performed before
getting them added to the water. Also, we should ourselves take steps
not to implement any of the unnecessary activities in the water bodies
such as throwing garbage or disposing of wrong content. Moreover, do
not waste water. More the water you consume more will get collected
with the dirty water in the environment.

It is very important to preserve our mother earth by not causing any sort
of pollution. We must ensure all the preventive measures are taken by us
as well as by the people in our surroundings. It is thus vital to create
awareness spreading pollution information and get rid of the same.

4) What Is Soil Pollution?

Soil pollution is the act of polluting the soil by adding various harmful
waste materials into the soil without proper treatment of them. The
major soil pollutants include solid, non-biodegradable household wastes,
industrial byproducts, deforestation and use of chemicals like pesticides
and fertilizers.

How To Reduce Soil Pollution?

Soil pollution can be drastically reduced proper awareness and doing
little acts like processing the waste materials before emitting them to the
environment. We can also get rid of soil pollution by planting more trees,
reducing the amount of trees and forests we cut or by planting more
forests than the ones we cut for our needs.

We can also reduce soil pollution by using bio-degradable products,

reducing the amount of chemical fertilizers and using organic manures
and fertilizers for our farms and agricultural works.

Conclusion: Pollution Essay- What Is It And

How To Control It
With the rise of technology we are seeing a huge rise of pollution.
Sometimes we are the main cause but it is never too late to prevent
something. We can start today by preventing environmental pollution to
create a greener India and greener world as a whole.

I hope you liked our essay on environmental pollution and would love to
know your thoughts on it. Comment below your favorite tips from our
pollution essay and share it across with your friends using the social
share buttons on the side (or below this section).
 INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
TOPIC- POLLUTION

NAME
ROLL
NO
REG.NO