PRACTICAL-

Title – Design of chute spillway.

Objective- To study about chute spillway with function of each parts.
Definition - it is a gully control structure, used at steep gully bank to make bank stable
against over fall of runoff. This spillway consists of an open channel, usually rectangular
section, through which water is directed from u/s of the gully into the gully bed.
Chute spillways are constructed at the gully head to convey the discharge from u/s
area of gully in to the gully through a concrete or masonry open channel. the chute
spillway are used at gully head for disposing the runoff from upstream land to the gully
bed, very safely. A chute spillway usually requires less construction material than the
drop inlet structure for the same capacity and drop.

Design components –
The chute spillway consists of following tree components,
1. Inlet
2. Channel (conduit) and
3. Outlet.

1). Inlet design- the most common type of inlets used in chute spillways are the straight
inlet, box type and sometimes side channel inlet, also. The box type generally used in
that condition, when straight type inlet not sufficient to allow the the runoff at desired
drop. The inlet also control the flow of water through piping action under and around
the channel.
2) design of channel section- in chute spillway the rectangular type conduits are most
common. The side wall of conduit confine the flow rate and discharge distribution.
Design of channel cross section is similar to the design of open channel, in which bottom
width, top width, side slope and depth are determined for a given discharge rate.
3) Outlet design- cantilever type outlet is most suitable to use in the chute spillway, is
especially where channel grade below the structure is being unstable. The straight apron
type outlet does not dissipate the sufficient energy and therefore, it is not commonly
used. The SAF stilling basin type outlet provides an adequate result on dissipating of
kinetic energy and it discussed herein.

The design principle of outlet of chute spillway is similar to the

design of outlet of drop structure. For the outlet design, using hydraulic jump concept,
the froud number (F) of incoming flow into outlet and corresponding downstream water
depth (d2) should satisfy the following equation.
𝑑2 1
= ( √1 + 8 × (𝐹 2 ) − 1
𝑑1 2
Where,
𝑑1 = depth of flow before hydraulic jump.
𝑑2 = depth of flow after the hydraulic jump and
F = froud number
𝑉1
F=
√𝑔𝑑1

In which, 𝑉1 is the flow velocity before occurrence of hydraulic jump and g is

acceleration due to gravity.

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 Fig. Design dimension of chute spillway
SAF stilling basin. The dimension of different components of SAF stilling basin are
given as under;
1) Length of stilling(LB)=

4.5𝑑2
Lb =
𝐹 0.38
This equation is valid for the froud number less than 3 and more than 300.
2) Width and spacing of the chutes as well as floor blocks
= 0.75 d1.
𝐿𝐵
3) Spacing of floor blocks from u/s end of the stilling basin =
3
3
4) The floor blocks should not be closer than d1. from side walls of the
8
basin.
5) The location of the floor blocks should be fixed at downstream side from the openings
between the chute blocks.
6) The height of the end sill should be equal to 0.07 𝑑2 , in which 𝑑2 strands for
theoretical tail water depth, corresponding to flow depth d1.
7) The actual depth of tail water above the stilling basin may be computed by the
equation ;

𝑑2 ′ = 1.4 𝑑1 F0.45
8) The height of side wall above the maximum tail water depth is given by
𝑑2
J= + 𝑑2′
3
9) Height of wing wall should be equal to the height of stilling basin’s side wall.
10) The top of the wing wall should be inclined at 1:1 slope.
11) Length of wing wall should be equal to 𝑑1′ + 𝐽.
12) The wing wall may be inclined at angle of 45° from the center line of the outlet.
13) The width of stilling basin at the downstream end is given by

2 𝐿𝐵 +𝐵1
B2 =
𝐷1 ′
Where,
𝐷1 ′ = slope of flare given to the side wall.
14) In order to make the structure safe against sliding, a cutoff wall of nominal
depth should be provided at the end of stilling basin.
15) In the design of stilling basin, the effect of entrained air should be neglected.

Example- Design the chute spillway with SAF stilling basin which has to be
constructed for conveying the runoff generated from u/s area of 30ha, into the gully
of 4.5m width with 3m as drop. The other details are as under,

I. Rainfall Intensity during 50 years return period was recorded as 12 cm/h for
the duration equal to Tc.
II. Runoff coefficient(C) = 0.35
III. A straight inlet with depth of flow as 0.70m at the outlet.

Solution:- the computation is provided into following two parts,

PART-1
1) Height of floor and chute blocks: it is taken as, d1
= 0.142m

2) Width and spacing of the blocks: it is equal to,

= 0.75 d1
= 0.175 × 0.142
=0.11
3) Minimum distance of floor blocks from the side wall,
=0.375 d1
=0.375 × 0.142
4) Height of tail water over the stilling basin (𝑑2 ′),

𝑑2 ′ = 1.4 𝑑1 F0.45

= 1.4 × 0.142 × (6.1662 ) = 0.45m

5) Length of stilling basin(Lb),

4.5𝑑2 4.5×1.17
Lb = =
𝐹 0.38 (6.166)0.38

= 2.64m
6) Height of side walls and stilling basin,

𝑑2
J= + 𝑑2′
3

1.17
= + 0.45
3
7) Height of transverse sill
S = 0.07𝑑2
= 0.07 × 1.17 = 0.082 m
8) Free board of the side wall above the tail water,
𝑑2 1.17
F= = = 0.39 m
3 3
9) Height of the wing: it is taken as height of side wall, which is 0.84 m.