±e??....?±??„?±-.?e- .. ?e???? "?µ ? ??????-? µe-?. ???????? ??-. ? -?”,±¬±, ?›ee?..?..„„..„...ee ±±?±?~??±.?eeeee ee.-.-??e??????~?e-?.

????? ??? ??? ?

??a ??a ?e???s? t?? ??sµ??
St? ?e?µe?? p?? a??????e?, a?ade??????ta? µ??a??sµ?? µe t??? ?p????? ? S?µ???e? ?p??et
??
(?e?t???e? ?ee:?‹e·tt, t?? ?e?t??? t?? ?a?a?????, ?pt???p??e? t???
1908-?????), ? a???t??t??a?
p??ß??µat?sµ??? t??, ?ata????ta? t?? pa?ad?s?a?? d?aµat??? f??µa ?a? ?p???µe???ta?
t??? pa?ad?s?a???? ??d??e? t?? ep????????a?. ????p????ta? s???? a?a?????s?µa ?????,
?p?? e??a? ? ??ß???, ta s??d???e? µe t?t???? t??p? ?ste te???? ?a ??te? se aµf?sß?t?s? t??
a??e?t?a t???. ?? ??at?? t?? ?p??et µ?sa ap? t?? pa?a????µat??? ????, t?? ap?spasµat?-
??t?ta ?a? t?? epa?a???e?? t??, t?? s??p?? ?a? ta ?e??, ?p???aµµ??e? t?? a??a??et? f?s? t??
??sµ?? ?a? ep?s?µa??e? t?? ad??aµ?a t?? t????? ?a p??sf??e? ??se??.
?. ?.

?? pa????d? t?? ???s??

???? s???? sta ?e?µe?? t?? ? ?p??et a?af??eta? se s???e?? ? ??se?? st??a-
st??, p?? ap? t? µ?a ?a?µ??e? ?a? ap? t?? ???? ???e? ?a aµf?sß?t?se?. ??
???se?? t?? st?? p??s???at??? ?a? t? µ??t???a e???pa??? f???s?f?a e??a?
??d??e? s, ??a t?? ta ???a. ?p?s?? ???eta? saf?? ?t? a?aµ??e? ap? t??? a-
?a???ste? t?? ?a ????????? ? ?a ep???µ??? ?a ?????s??? p????.
??t? p?? e?f???e? ? ?p??et sta ???a t?? de? e?te??? ?a????????, t? e??a?
???e? ?µ?? µe t??p? ????spast??? ?a? p?????t???. ???s?µ?p??e? ta ?e?µe??
t?? ??a ?a µa? ?pe???µ?se? ?t? ?aµ?? ßeßa??t?ta ?a? ?aµ?? ???st??? ???s? de?
µp????? ?a ?p??????, ?a? ?t? ??e???eta? ?a µ????µe ?a d?aß????µe ap? t??
a???, µ) ??a? ??? t??p?· ??a? t??p? p?? ?a µa? d??e? t? d??at?t?ta ?a e?f??-
s??µe t?? d???? µa? apa?t?se??, ?a? ?????? ?a µa? ep?t??pe? ?a a???p???s??-
µe t?? ???se?? µa? ??a t?? p??s???? t?? ?e?µ????.
?e?a??µ???? s” ??a a?st??? p??testa?t??? pe??ß????? ?a? ????ta? µe-
?et?se? ??a t?? a????e? µ?a? µetapt???a??? t?? e??as?a? t?? ??a?t?s??, ?
?p??et d?s???a ?a µp????se ?a ap?f??e? t?? a?af???? t?? sta ???st?a????
?e?µe?a ?a? st?? ?a????st???? e?µ??e?e?. ? p?? eµfa??? ?a? epa?a?aµßa??µe??
a?af??? s?et??eta? µe t?? ?a?tes?a?? ??s? «????t? et?? e???t?» («S??pt?µa?
??a ?p????»). St? ???? t?? ?/????ee??e (?T??), ? ?p??et µe ep??et??? t??p?
epa?ad?at?p??e? a?t? t? ?eµe??a?? d???s? ?a? t? d??????e? se ‹‹??e????t et??
e??t?p» («Sf???? ??a ?p????››). ?” a?t? t?? t??p?, ep??e??e? ??a ???p?? a???
ta?t?????a ?a? ?????? s????? s?et??? µe t?? p???t?st??? ap?de?t? e???s?a
t?? ?a?t?s??? ?a? ?at” ep??tas? ???? t?? f???s?f??. Sta ?e?µe?? t?? ?
?p??et s???? ???e?ta? a??µesa st?? eµfa?? pa?a???a?? ?a? st?? ?µµes?
a?af???. St? ????? t?? pa????d???, ? ?e???a t?? ?a?t?s??? ?p???µe?eta? ?a?

295
 ? <<<?±?>›e?±±ee"? <±±±.:„, ,ee‹e??»e?.e?.e» ¬×±›,±«e??e .? ~×~±?=~?? se a?: ~~›××?¬×± ,µa »???..».~-<e, .t -te. ????

pa??de?ta? d?af??et???. ?ta? s????????? t?? ?s??µ? ?at?stas? t?? ?ta??,

???eta? ? e??? d???????: «???ß - ??a?e?. ?aµ -??a ?e?».

?? s?µpe?asµat??? et?? (= ep?µ????, ??a) t?? ?a?tes?a??? s????? e??a?

??a t?? ?p??et t?s? a?????? a??? ?a? t?s? ?e?d?? ?s? ?a? s?et??? «t?te...
?s??» t?? p??s???at???? f???s?f?a?. G?a t??? ???e? a??? ?a? ??a t??? a?a-
???ste? t?? ?p??et, ? ?????? e??a? ? µe???? ap?de???, ? µe????? pe??asµ??
?a? p??? ap” ??a ? µe???? ???te?a. ???pe? ?a pe?s??µe t??? ea?t??? µa? p??
µe ??p???? t??p? ?p?????µe. ???pe? µe ??p??? t??p? ?a d??a??????s??µe t??
?pa??? µa?. St? ?e??µ????ta? t?? G???t? ?a??? ?a? st? ????? t?? pa????d?-
??, ?p?? ?a? se p???? ap? ta p??sfata ???a t??, t?t??e? ap?de??e?? t??
?pa????, p?? p??t????a? ?at? ?a????? ap? f???s?f???, ?p?? ? ????s?, ?
s????, ? d???????, ? s??s? µe t? Te?, ????? a?t??atasta?e? ap? t?? a????a·
µ?a a????a p?? pa???µ?t??? µa? ?d??e? ?a epa?a?aµß????µe p???µata ?a?
?????? ?a ep?????µe.
???pe? ?a t???s??µe ed? ?t? ?? ?st???e? ?a? ?? d??????? t?? µpe?et????
????? s???? pa?ap?µp??? ? ßas????ta? se p??????µe?a ?e?µe?a. ????ste
?a?e?? de? µp??e? ?a µ???se? ? ?a ????e?, a? de? ??e? ?d? a???se? ? d?aß?se?.
?ts? s???? ? ?p??et ep????e? ?a ???s?µ?p???se? ?a? ?a pa??d?se? sta ???a
t?? d???se?? p?? ????? ?ata???e? ?a ap?te???? ???s? t?? s???????? s?????.
? t?s? t?? a?t?, ß?ßa?a, ??e? ??t? pate??a??st???, ?a??? ?p???e? ?t? ?? a?a-
???ste? de? ?a µp????sa? ?a ????????? pa?? µ??? t?? e????? ???st?? d???-
se?? ?a?, ap? t?? ????, ?t? ? s????af?a?, ?? pe??ss?te?? e???µa???, ap???
pa??e? ??a ?????? pa????d? µe t?? ?aµ???? p??sd???e? p?? ??e? se s??s? µe t??
???se?? t?? a?a???st?? t??. ??t????, ?? d?a?e?µe????? a?af???? p?? ???s?-
µ?p??e? sta ?e?µe?? t?? ? ?p??et ?e?t??????? µ? ??a? p?? ?et??? t??p?.

?e t? ?a pa?ap?µpe? se ???a ?e?µe?a ?a? ?a epa?ad?at?p??e? ta ???s?, ?

?p??et ?p???aµµ??e? t? ?e????? ?t? p????? t?t??e? d???se?? ????? ???e? tµ?µa
t?? ?a??µe????? ?µ???a?, a???ß?? epe?d? a?af????ta? se ??t? p?? e??a? s?et?-
?? µe t?? ?d??t???? ? d?µ?s?e? ???? µa?. ?p” a?t? t?? ?p??? ?fe????µe ?a epa-
?e?et?s??µe t??? ?????? ??a t??? ?p????? a?t?? ?? d???se?? ????? ???e? p????
s?µa?t??? ??µµ?t?a t?? s???????? s?????. ?e ???a ????a, ? ?p??et µ?? p??-
e?d?p??e? ??a t? d??aµ? t?? pa?e????t?? ?a? µa? ??t?e? ?a t?? a?a???s??µe
?a? ?a t?? s?eft??µe ap? t?? a???.
?a?a?t???st??? ?t? ?? ???e? t?? ?p??et, ?at? ?a???a, p?s???? ap?
???a?
aµ??s?a ?a?, ep?µ????, de? ????????? p????? a?t? t? ?p??? pa?a??t???,
?ta? t? pa?a??t??? t? pa?e?µ??e????. ?a?) ??a a?t? s???? a?af????ta? st?
??ß??, ?s?? epe?d? p???e?ta? ??a t? ?e?µe?? p?? ?a? ap?te?e? t? ?eµ???? ????

??? e
 ??±eeee±e-e-e¬?×:,??-±±¬?e?«?× -»;<=ee?~¬et±?:e±?>.ee¬S?.?±55?. »?...¬±???›???<e--<<=-<±›±?-?±:-.e.. ??;-?a "".±±±±:-~~- tet;

t?? ???????a? µa? ?a? ??te? p?????t??a e??t?µata st??? a?e???.

??????e?t??a se ?a?e se??da t?? ?e??µ????ta? t?? G ???t? ?a? t?? ?????? t??
pa????d??? a?a?a??pt??µe pa?ap?µp?? st? ??ß?? ?a? se ???st?a????? d??a-
s?e?. ?? ?a? p????? ap? a?t?? t?? pa?ap?µp?? d?s???a ?????ta? a?t???pt??
ap? t?? µ?s? a?a???st? ? ?eat?, ?a ?ta? ???s?µ? ?a ep?s?µa???µe ed? µe??-
???? ap? t??? t??p??? µe t??? ?p????? ? ?p??et a???p??e? t? ???st?a???? pa?-
de?a sta ?e?µe?a t??.

???st? eµp?st?s???? t?? ?p??et st?? a??e?t?a t??

? ???e???
???a?
??a??e???? -
t? s??a?t??µe ?a? st?? G ???t?. ?p? t?? a??? ?µ?? d?ap?st?-
?e? ?a?e?? ?? ??a µ???µ? e?d?af???? t?? ??a t? ??ß??, ?? ?e?µ???? a??a ?a? ??
p???t?sµ???? ?a??e??µ???? e???s?a?. ? ?d??? ???e ap? µ????? se epaf? µe t?
??ß??, ?a?? st?? ep?µ??? t?? µ?t??a? t??, ? ?p??a ep?µe?e ?t? ta pa?d?a t??
?p?epe ?a ????????? ?ept?µe??? t? ?e?? ß?ß???.
? p??te?sta?t?sµ?? t?? µ?t??a? t?? ?p??et ?p???e a?st???? ?a? pa?ta
s?µf???? µe t??? ?a???e?. ??e?e, ep?µ????, µe ?a?e t??p? ?a d?asfa??se? t?
?e????? ?t? ta pa?d?a t?? ?a ??e?a? ap” ??? ??µµat?a t?? ??ß???. ? apa?t?-
s? p?? d??e? ? ?p??et s? a?t? t?? ep?µ??? t?? µ?t??a? t?? µ?sa ap? ta ??a-
pta t??, ?? e?????a? p????, e??a? ep? t?? ??s?a? a?e?st???. Ost?s?, ? ??ß???
t?? apas???e? ?? ?e?µe??, ?? ??a ?e?µe?? ?? a?t? a?aµesa sta a??a.
?a ???a t?? ?p??et e??a? ?eµata ap? ?e??????a ?a? f???s?f??a e??t?-
µata, ?p?? a?t? p?? d?at?p??e? ? ?st?a????: «??µ??e?? ?t? ? Te?? µe ß??-
pe? ;›› a?t? t?? ???ß: «G?at? a?t? ? fa?sa, µ??a pa?a µ??a;››. ?a e??t?-
µata a?ta µa? ?d????? se µ?a a?a??t?s? t?? ?st???a? t?? ?de??, a??a ?a? se
µ?a? aµf?sß?t?s? t?? a??e?t?a? t???. ????e?µ???? ?a e?µ??e?s??µe t??
?p??et, e??a? ??s?ast??? ?a ?ata???s??µe ?t? ???? µa? ??µ?µaste µ??? ??µ-
µat?a ap? a?ta p?? ?ap?te d?aßasaµe ?a? ?t? de? ????µe t? d??at?t?ta ?a
a?a?atas?e?as??µe t? pa?e????· d?a??t??µe ta ??µµat?a t?? pa??, a??a de?
µp????µe ?a ?ata?aß??µe p?? a?ta ?p???a? ?ap?te e??µ??a. ?ta? ?
?st?a???? ep??e??e? ?a ap??a??se? t?? ??t?? µe a??a ???µata, ? ??t?? a-
?tap?????eta? ?a? st? ?ße? ?a? st? ?a??, a?t?p??s?pe???ta? ?ts? ?a? t? ??µa
?a? t? ??t? ? µe a??a ????a «??? t?? a????p?t?ta». ?p?p???? st?? G ???t?
ß??s???µe ?a? µ?a a??? a?af??a se d?? ad??f?a, ?ta? t? ????? µ??ae? ??a t??
ade?f? t?? p?? f??ae? ta p??ßata, e?? t? ?d?? f??ae? ta ?ats???a. ??t?,
a????a, µp??e? ?a µ??a?e? sa? µ?a a??a d???s?, a??a, ?a??? ?? ß?ß????? a?a-
f???? p???ap?as?a???ta?, ep?st??f??µe s? a?t? ?a? f?????µe st? µ??µ? µa?
t? ??s? ?t? «? Te?? ?a t?p??et?se? ta p??ßata st? de??a p?e??a t?? ?a? ta
e??f?a st?? a??ste??» (?at?a??? ??ß?). St?? pa?ade?s?, ?p?? ?a? st? ??,
p??pe? ?a ?pa??e? pa?ta ?at??????p???s? ?a? d?af??a. de? ?pa??e? e??t?ta

?
297
 ? ??.: ‹· ¬ --?±=a?---?-->±?.. .¬-?. -±--¬× ?????e ,. ?=-=~~e·.;;...... ? <× ==e-±e·~~?e.:... ~<

??te a?µ???a.
?? ?a? p????? ap? t?? ß?ß????? pa?ap?µp?? e??a? ?µ?-a?a?????s?µe?, ? a?a-
???st?? s???a a?s????eta? ?t? p??pe? ?a s??d?se? ta p?a?µata, ?p?? a???ß??
a?s????eta? ?t? ?a? ? µ???????? t?? ????? p??pe? ?a ???ße? ?ap??a ?????? ep?-
?e???µat?????a p?s? ap? t?? a?at????pt? ?a?a?t??a t??. ??t? ? a?s??s?,
ß?ßa?a, µa? p???a?e?ta? ap? t?? ?d?a t?? p???t?st??? µa? ?st???a, ? ?p??a µa?
??e? µ???e? ?a a?a??t??µe p???ta ??a µ???µa, ??a ???µa, µ?a ?????? a?t?a? ?a?
ap?te??sµat??.
? ??ß???de? e??a? t? µ??? ?e?µe?? p?? s???????eta? sta ???a t?? ?p??et.
?? ?d?? ?s??e? ?a? ??a p????? ????a f???s?f???? ?a? ????te?????? ???a. ?
??t????, µa??sta, ?p?st????e? pe?sµat???? ?t? ? d???e??? t?? ?p??et e??a? d?-
µ???????a p?????t???, epe?d? µp??e? ?a t? de? ?a?e?? ?? f???s?f??? s??t??a, µe
t?? ?????a ?t? ???s?µ?p??e? s???a a?af???? se ?e?µe?a p?? ?pa???e????
?a???e?, µe s??p? ?a ?p???µe?se? t?? ?s?? ?a? t?? e???s?a t???. ? ap???
a?t? e??a? ?µ??????µ???? s?st?, a? ?a? ?ap?? ???e???. ?? ?e??µ????ta? t??
G ???t? ?a? t? ????? t?? pa????d??? e??a? d??ata (?a? ?????? ????µ??) ?e-
at????? ?e?µe?a. ???a? ep?s?? ???a ????te??????, p?? ??e?a?eta? ?a ta d??µe ?
?a ta d?aß?s??µe e?e???p????ta? ?s? ???s? d?a??t??µe.
? ?pt??? t?? ?p??et s???a ?a?a?t????eta? pes?µ?st???. ?p?s??, ???eta? ?t?
ta ???a t?? e??a? e??t?st??a, e?a?t?a? t?? s??e??? d?a?e?µe????? a?af????
t???. ???a? s?µa?t???, ?st?s?,?t? ? pa???s?a t?? a?af????, ?s? ?a? a? ?????
t? ?a?a?t??a pa??d?a?, e??a? te???a a?s??d??? ?a? d?µ???at???. ?a?e?? de?
??e?a?eta? ?a p??s??e? ? ?a ?ata???se? ??e? a?t?? t?? pa?ap?µp??. ? ?a???a?
µa? ?a ep????e? ?ap??e? ?a? ?a ap?de?te? ?t? de? ????? te?e??µ?. ? p?? ?s??-
?? µa? aµ??a ap??a?t? st?? pa??????a t?? ?pa???? µa? e??a? ? a?a??? -?a? ?
ap??a?s?- t?? s??-d?µ??????a? t?? ?e?µ???? µe t? s??e?? a??a?? t?? f??-
µa? t?? ?a??? e???µaste s? epaf? µe d?af??et???? ?d?e? ?a? e????e?, ?a???
a?t??aµßa??µaste ?t? de? s???st?? a??e?t?a a???ß?? epe?d? e??a? «?e?p??», µ?a
????e??? ap? pa?a??µata.
? ?p??et, ?a??p?pt?? ap??a?t? se ????e e???s?a, ?a? ?????? ap??a?t? st??
e???s?a t?? ?eµe??a??? ?e?µ???? t?? d?t???? p???t?sµ??, ????d?µe? t?
?e??µ????ta? t?? G???t? ?a? t? ????? t?? pa????d??? pa?? se t?t??e? a-
?af????, µe st??? ?a ????e? t??? a?a???ste? t?? ?a s?eft??? ?a? ?a ?p?-
??ast???, ?a t??? ????e? ????????? s? a?t? t?? a?????d? ta?a?te?s? a?aµesa
st? ßeßa??t?ta ??a t? t? µp??e? ?a e??a? ??µa ?a? t?? aßeßa??t?ta ??a t? t?
µp??e? ?a e??a? a???e?a. ??t? ? pa?a?t?s? ap? t?? e???s?a t?? a??e?t?a?, µa??
µe t?? ep????s? st? d?µ???????? pa??µßas? t?? a?a???st?, ?a??st?? t??

298 ?
 ? -.? . - .¬. ......»..t
›?~.. ?. ..,??,2µ...... ?... ,_?_„@ .. „.. "" ?,?, .. „.=?„,.?,?_,_„.?.?......-...¬ ??. ......&.

?p??et ??a? ap? t??? ?eµe???t?? ?a? t??? s?µa?t???te???? s????afe?? t??
µetaµ??t???a? ep????.

?????ta? µ??f? st? ?a??

? µe?a?? ?a???t?µ?a t?? ?p??et st? ?e??µ????ta? t?? G ???t? ?a? st? ?????
t?? pa????d??? e??a? ?t?, ??? µ??? aµf?sß?te? t?? t?p??? d?µ? t?? pa?ad?s?a-
??? ?eat???, a??a ?t? p??sf??e? µ?a µ?µ?s? a?apa?astas? t?? p?a?µat?-
??t?ta?, ? ?p??a a?a??????e?, d??eta? ?a? ap?t?p??e? t? aµ??f? t?? ?pa????,
????? ?a t? ?a???p??e? se ?ap??? µ??t???. Sta ??ß? ? ?p??et ???afe: «?e?
?s??????µa? ?t? stad?a?a de? ?a ?pa??e? f??µa st?? t????. ?s??????µa? ap???
?t? ?a ?pa??e? µ?a ??a f??µa· µ?a f??µa p?? ?a ap?d??eta? t? ?a?? ?a? de?
?a p??spa?e? ?a µa? t? pa???s?ase? ?? ?at? a???. ? f??µa ?a? t? ?a?? e??a?
d?? d?af??et??a p?a?µata. ?? te?e?ta?? de? pe??????eta? ??a ?a?? t?? p??-
t??. G?” a?t? ?a? t? e?d?af???? ??a t? f??µa ?fe??e? ?a µa? apas????se? ap?
p???, d??t? ?pa??e? ?? p??ß??µa a?e?a?t?t? ap? t? ????? p?? ste?a?e?. ?
s??p?? t?? ?a???t???? e??a? ?a ß?e? a???ß?? t? f??µa p?? ?a ste?ase? t??
a?atastas?a».
?ap??a ?????a ????te?a, st? µe??t?-d?a???? ??a t? ????af? ?te?tt? ?e?t?
?e-e???e, ? ?p??et ???afe ?t? «t? ?a e?sa? ?a???t????? s?µa??e? ?a ap?t???a?e??
?a t??µa? ?a ap?t??e?? ?s? ?a???a? a????». ????te?a d?as?e?a?e? ?ap??
a?t? t?? ap???: «?e? ?pa??e? ep????????a, ??at? de? ?pa????? ta ???µata t??
ep????????a?». ???a? saf?? ?t? ?p???e s?µa?t??? a??a?? st?? ???t???? ?a?
d?µ????????? ??se?? t?? ?p??et a?aµesa st?? de?aet?e? 1930 ?a? ????? ?a? st?
de?aet?a t?? ????, ?ta? ??afe? t? ?e??µ????ta? t?? G???t? ?a? t? ????? t??
pa????d???. ?? ?a? s?????se ?a t?? apas???e? t? ??µa t?? a??pa???a? ?a? t??
p?? ?a µp????se ?a te?e? ?p? ??e???, st? de?aet?a t?? ?? a?a?a???e p?? ?
?eat???? ??af?, ?? µ?s?,t?? ef?d?a?e? µe µe?a??te?? e?e??e??a ?a ep??????-
??se? s??p??a.
?? pa?se?? sta s???e???µ??a ???a e??a? ?a????st????. ??d?sa? st?? ?p??et
t? d??at?t?ta ?a pa???s?ase?: t? s??p? t?? a?epa??e?a?, sta s?µe?a ?p?? ??
???e? de? µp????? ?a ß???? t?? ???e?? p?? ??e?a???ta?· t? s??p? t?? ?atap?e-
s??, e?e? ?p?? ap?st?µ????ta? ap? t? s?µpe??f??a t?? s???µ???t? t??? ?
?ta? ??????? ?t? µp??e? ?a pa?aß?a???? ??a ????????? taµp??· t? s??p? t??
a??p?µ???s?a?, ?ta? pe??µ????? t?? apa?t?s? t?? a????, p?? ?a t??? d?se?
µ?a p??s????? a?s??s? ?pa????. ?p?p????, a?t?? ?? pa?se?? af????? st??
a?a???st?-?eat? ???? ?a? ????? ?a e?etase? ta ?e?a d?ast?µata a?aµesa
st?? ???e?? ?a? ?ts? ?a s?µµetas?e? ?a? a?t?? d?µ???????a st? d?aµ??f?s?

?
e 299
 »» se±..±;. ¬--¬ .›??»?„..;. +±„e±.ee...„.;., -.. ·?<* .a~,±?e.?±,7».¬e???e?.".. .---¬ »-?» .‹ ±

t?? ???µat?? t?? ?????. ? ta?t??? t?? ?p??et ?a ????d?µe? t? ?e?µe?? t?? µe
pa?se?? ? ?e?? ??te? ß?ßa?a ??a p??ß??µa e??e?t???? ep??????. St?? p?a?µa-
t???t?ta, ?µ??, µe t?? t??p? a?t? ? ?p??et ep?µe???e? t? ?e?µe??. ?? d?aµ??-
f??e? se µ?a se??? ap? d?a???t??? µ????????? ?a? epe?s?d?a, a?t? ?a a??e?ta?
st?? a???s?a pa???s?as? µ?a? ????a???? ?d?a?. ? ?p??et ap?d?de? t? ????
µ?sa se ?????? d?µ?? ?e?µe?a, ????? ?a ep?ß???e? t? p??s?p??? t?? ??aµa,
e?t?µ??ta? ?t? ta ?e?µe?? t?? ?a ta d??? ? ?????? ?a ta d?aß?s??? pa?a??-
pte?, ?? ?p???? ?a a?t???f???? ?t? ? f??µa e??a? s?µa?t??? a??a ?t? ? s?-
-
??e???µ??? f??µa e??a? ?p?pt?. ??a ap? t?? s????te?a pa?at???µe?e? d?-
??se?? t??, p??? t?? ?et??? ???~se?t? t? ??d?, e??a? ?d?a?te?a ap??a??pt??? ?a-
??? ep?ßeßa???e? t?? a?ap? t?? ?p??et ??a t?? a?µ???a t?? f??µa?: «?e?
pa???? ??s?. ?e e?d?af??e? t? s??µa t?? ?de?? a??µ? ?a? a? de? p?ste?? s”
a?t??. ?p???e? µ?a ?p????? p??tas? st?? ?????st???. ?a?a?? ?a µp????sa
?a t? ??µ??? sta ?at?????. ???a? p??? ?a??te?? ap” ?,t? sta a??????: "???
ape?p??es?e· ??a? ap? t??? ??st?? s????e. ??? ef?s????ete· ??a? ap? t???
??st?? ?atad???st??e". ??t? ? p??tas? ??e? ??a ?p????? s??µa. ?? s??µa
e??a? p?? e?e? s?µas?a».

???a? s?µa?t??? ?a p??µe ?t? e?? ? ?p??et d???se ?t? a?t? ? p??tas? ß??-
s?eta? st?? ???µ?????se?? t?? ????? ?????st????, ?? µe?et?t?? de? µp??esa?
?a t? ß???? e?e?, a? ?a? ep?s?µ??a? ?t? 'e?de??µ???? ?p???e? µ?a pa??µ??a
p??tas? sta G??µµata t?? ????? ?????st????. ??e??? p?? ??e? e?d?af???? s,
a?t? t?? ?st???a e??a? ?t? ?a? ? ?p??et, ?p?? ?a? t?s?? ????? t??, ??e? ?s??-
µ? µ??µ? - ?a??te?a, µ?a µ??µ? p?? ?s?? ??e?? t?? d?af???p??e? µ?a d???-
s? µe s??p? ?a t?? d?se? ??a s??µa p?? s?µa?t??? ap? a?t? p?? ??e? st??
p?a?µat???t?ta. ??t? ?p?d????e? ?t?, ?? ?eat????? s????af?a?, ? ?p??et
?e??e? ?t? ??a t?? ep????????a?? ?e?t?????a e??? ????? ? f??µa e??a? p??
s?µa?t??? ap? t? µ???µa.
??t? ß?ßa?a de? s?µa??e? ?t? ? ?p??et ad?af??e? ??a t?? ?µes? ? d?da?t???
d??aµ? p?? d?a??t??? p???? ap? ta ?e?µe?a sta ?p??a a?af??eta?.
?pe?a?t?a?, a?t? p?? ep???µe? ?a de??e? e??a? ?t? ? ?d?a t??? ? ?atas?e?? e??a?
?p?pt?. St?? G???t?, ? ?st?a???? st?? e??t?s? «??µ?sa? t? ??ß?? ;» a-
pa?t?: «T?µ?µa? t??? ???te? t?? G?? t?? ?pa??e??a?. ?ta? ?eµ?t?? ???µa-
ta. ???? ?µ??f??». ?e ???a ????a, ??a t?? ?st?a????, ? ??ß??? de? e??a? pa-
?? ??a a??µ? ß?ß???, ??a ß?ß??? p?? µp??e? ?a t? d?aß?se? ? ap??? ?a t?? ???e?
µ?a µat??, ?? ??? ?a t? p?st??e? ?? «e?a??e???? a???e?a». ???a? ???st? p?? ?
?p??et a????ta? t?? ???st?a????? e?µ??e?e? t?? ????? t??, ?p?? a????ta? ??
??e? t?? e?µ??e?e?. Ost?s? t? s????? t?? ??a?t?µ?? ??a t? sta???s? e??a?
e?de??t??? t?? µa???? ?a? ?p???µe?t???? st?s?? t?? ?p??et ap??a?t? st??

30
 .S±±.=±±.=±-->~- - · ·=ee?p·esee- «-¿_›·t:±=±==e±±...?-Se» ..±.e±·--±·e.-;±±±??›= ???? ???

a??e?t?a t?? ??ß???. ? ??a?t?µ?? µ?? ?pe???µ??e? ?t? ap? t??? t?sse???
??a??e??st??, p?? «ß??s??ta? e?e? -
? pe??p?? e?e?», µ??? ??a? [? ??????]
???e? ???? ??a t? ??st? p?? s????e, ?a? s??e???e? ?????ta? ?t? «ap? t???
?????? t?e??, ?? d?? [? ?????? ?a? ? ???????] de? a?af????? ?a????? t? ?e??-
??? e?? ? t??t?? [? ?at?a???] ??e? ?t? ?atad???st??a? ?a? ?? d??». ?p?µ????
«??at? ?a p?st??? a?t?? [t?? ?????] ?a? ??? t??? ?????? ;». ??t? t? s?µe??
e??a? ßas??? ??a t? st?s? p?? ??at? ? ?p??et ap??a?t? s” ??a ta ??apt? ?e?-
µe?a, e?te ?e?? e?te ??sµ???: ??at? ?a p?st????µe se ??p??? ?e?µe?? ??????a;
?f?? a??µ? ?a? sta ??a?????a ß??s???µe ?????? a?t??ete? e?d???? ??a t? ?d??
?e?????. ??at? ?a eµp?ste?t??µe ?p???d?p?te ??????? ? ?p??ad?p?te µ???-
p?as?a; ?p?? ?p?st??????? ? ???? ?a? ? ???e? ??µ??t??: «? ?p??et de? ???-
-
s?µ?p??e? t? ???st?a???? “µ???????a” epe?d? ap??? e??a? ???st?? t??, a???
?????? epe?d? p?ste?e? p?? de? a???e?e?».
???a ap? t? d??at? ?eµat?????a t???, ta ???a a?t? e??a? s?µa?t???, e-
pe?d? ed? ? ?p??et e?µeta??e?eta? ???e d??at?t?ta, µe pa?ap?µp?? se ???a
?e?µe?a ? a?a???se?? s?µas??? µ?sa st? ?d?? ?e?µe??, µe st??? ?a ?p???µe?se?
t?? ?s????p?a ???e st??e?? -fa???µe????- d?µ??.
?? d??t?? st?? ap?te?e? ??a e?a??et??? pa??de??µa t?? p?? ?
G???t?
?p??et de? ep?t??pe? ?a ?????? ?? s???e???µ??e? e????e? ap?? s?µß??a. G?a
t? a??ßasµa t?? ????? st? ??te?? t? ???? ,? ???pt?? ???a??µ?t? s?ed?ase ??a
d??t?? t?s? ap?fas?st??? eµß??µat???, p?? ???e ß??d? ? ?d??? -a???te?a
?a? ? ?p??et- e???ta? st? ??at?? p??? ap? t?? pa??stas? ??a ?a ???e?
??p??? ??ad???. ? pa???s?a t?? f????? st? de?te?? p???? e?µ??e??ta? ??
??a s?µa a?s??d???a?. ? e?µ??e?a a?t? ?st?s? pa?aß??pe? ?t? st? ?e?µe??
?p???e? µ?a saf?? ????s? ?? p??? t?? a?s??d??? p??e?a t?? ??????. ?p” a?t?
t?? ?p???,t? d??t?? de? ??e? ?aµ?? a????????? s?µas?a. ???e?, ?µ??, d?aµa-
t??????? ?e?t?????a. ?ta? ? ??a?t?µ?? µ???e? ??a t? ???at?, t? d??t?? e??-
p???e? st? s???? t??, ????? ?a s??e?d?t?p??e?ta?.

????????? - ?? te?e?ta?? ?ept?... (S??fteta?) ?ta? µa? e??ata?e?pe? ?

e?p?da t? t?t??? as?e?e?; ????? t? e?pe a?t?;

??????, ?a µp????saµe ?a ?e???s??µe t? f??s? a?t? sa? ??a a??µa pa??-

de??µa t?? aµ??s?a??? d?ata?a??? t?? ??a?t?µ??. ? ??p?? a?t?s??d?a a??a?-
?? s??ta?t??? f??µa t?? f??s??, ?st?s?, µa? ?p?de????e? ?t? ??e???eta? ?a
?a?????µe eµe?? µ???? µa? ta ?e?? t?? µ??µ?? t??. ???????? ? f??s? ??e? ??
e???: «?ta? µa? e??ata?e?pe? ? e?p?da, ? ?a?d?? as?e?e?· a??? ?ta? ???eta? ?
ep???µ?a, t?te a????e? t? d??t?? t?? ????». ?e? µa? d?µ?????e? ?aµ?? ??p????
 .±;±±#;=:¬±?;;.?±5?e‹e±e?± --=<:;?=›?=??. e,»ee??©±±??,?±§e,?,??.???,?_ ?=- ?e?:?›¬±» ?», ??

t? ?e????? ?t? ??a?t?µ?? ?e???e? t?? ?a?d?? (t? s?µß??? t?? ???? ?a? t??
?
a?s??µat??) ?a? t? d??t?? (t? s?µß??? t?? ???? ?a? t?? ep???µ?a?). ?? µ???
p?? µp??e? ?a e?f??se? e??a? ??a?sµata µ??µ??. ??t? p?? ???e? ? d?a?e?µe-
????? a?a???st?? e??a? ?a s?µp????se? t?? p??tas?, ?a? ?at? s???pe?a ?a
af?p??ste? se s??s? µe t?? p???p????t?ta t?? d??t??? st?? G???t?.
?a??? p??????e? t? ???? a?af???? st? d??t?? p???ap?as?????ta?: e??a? ??
??a e? d???µe? d??t??-??eµ??a· ??a pa??d??? s?µß??? a??a??? ?a? sta?e??-
t?ta? µ?a a?epa???? ??????a· t? ???µa µ?a? ?s??s?? ?s????p?a? t?? ?????a·
??a s?µß??? ??????. ?a? f?s??? st? G??es? ? ?a?p?? ap? t? d??t?? t?? ???-
s?? t?? ?a??? ?a? t?? ?a???, p?? e??a? ?a? ? µ???? apa???e?µ???? ??a t??
?d?µ ?a? t?? ??a, e??a? e?e???? p?? t??? ?a???e? t?? a????p??? t??? f?s?,
a??? t??? ???e? ?a? ???t???. ?p?µ???? t? d??t?? s?µa??e? t?sa p???? ?ste
de? µp??e? ?a ??e? µ?a ?a? µ??? s?µas?a. ?????, ?a ?pe???µ?s??µe ?t? ?
?st?a???? ?a? ? ??a?t?µ?? de? e??a? s???????, a? ??t?? p???e?ta? ??a d??t??,
?p???t??ta? ?t? µp??e? ?a p???e?ta? ?a? ??a ??µ??.
?e ???a ????a, t?s? ? eµfa??? ?s? ?a? ? s?µß????? ?e?t?????a t?? ???ssa?
ap?de????eta? ??a? asta??? t??p?? ep????????a?. ?? p????? a?af???? st?
d??t?? e??a? ?????? ?aß??????de?? pa?? ????????. ?e??p?a??µe??? se µ?a ?e?-
µe???? µ??a ????? ???t??, ? a?a???st?? a??????e? µ?a a?af???, ep?ßeßa???e?
µ?a a?s??s? ?a? st? s????e?a s??a?t?e? ??p??a ???? a?af???, p?? ?pa???e?-
e? µ?a? ???? a?s??s?. ?? d??t?? de? e??a? ap??? «??a a??a??et? st???e?? s”
??a? a??a??et? ??sµ? ››, ??te ?µ?? ?? ??a s?µß??? e?p?da?. ??sa st?? p????-
????t?ta t?? s?µas??? t??, ???s?µ?p??e?ta? pe??ss?te?? ?? ??a? de??t?? t??
ta?t???? p?? a??????e? t? ???? ?a µ??? ?µµesa, ?a? ta?t?????a ?e?t????e? ??
µ?a «?pt???» ?a? «st??e?» a?apa??stas? t?? ??s?ast???? a???ß?????a? t??
?????.
?et?f?as?: ?????a ?a??t??
(?p?sp?sµata ap? t? ????? ‹‹?×??1?t?p? /?t (?????t e?e? ?}?e?8a??e›› st? ??te ?????t?s??e d??fap??p ???

?ee?te?, Oe?tt??t??t??? ??p??ete?t? ?teee, 1994)

???d?

???e?e? ???tt??p, «??a ??a ?e???s? t?? ??sµ??», µtf?. ?????a ?a??t??, pe?.
Teat???? tet??d?a, t?. ?d (Feß???????? ????), ss. 23-28.

T?2 ??

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