Experiment-IV

DETERMINATION OF POSITIVE, NEGATIVE AND ZERO SEQUENCE

IMPEDANCES OF THREE PHASE TRANSFORMER
Aim: To determine positive and negative, zero sequence impedance of a given
3 Ø transformer
Apparatus Required:
S.No. Name of the Component Specifications Quantity
1 Voltmeter
2 Ammeter
3 Three Phase Variac
4 Single Phase Variac
5 Connecting Wires

Name Plate Details of Three Phase Transformer:

Primary Winding Voltage:
Secondary Winding Voltage:
Rating of Transformer:
Supply frequency:
Circuit Diagram:
 To Determine Positive Sequence Impedance(Z1) and Negative
Sequence Impedance(Z2):

Fuse
R
T
P
S
T R
3-PHASE,
415V,50Hz Fuse
S
AC SUPPLY Y W
I
T N
C A
Fuse
H
B
V
Y B

LV Side HV Side

3-Phase Auto
Transformer
415V/(0-470V)

Fig.1

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 To Determine Zero Sequence Impedance(Z0):
LV Side HV Side
R Y B R Y B Ph
A

230V,
Single
V Phase,
50Hz,
AC Supply

Single Phase N
Variac

Fig.2
Procedure:
 To Determine Positive Sequence Impedance(Z1) and Negative Sequence
Impedance(Z2):
1. The connections are made as shown in the fig.1.
1. Close the TPST switch and increase the voltage in steps by using
3Φ-variac till the ammeter reads the rated current of LV side.
2. Note down the readings of voltmeter and ammeter noted at this point in
table 1.
3. Bring the three phase variac to zero voltage position. Switch off the
supply and remove the connections.
 To Determine Zero Sequence Impedance(Z0):
1. The connections are made as shown in the fig.2.
2. Close the DPST switch and increase the voltage in steps by using
1Φ-variac till the voltmeter reads the rated voltage of LV side.
3. Note down the readings of voltmeter and ammeter noted at this point in
table 2.
4. Bring the single phase variac to zero voltage position. Switch off the
supply and remove the connections.

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Tabular Column:
 To Determine Positive Sequence Impedance(Z1) and Negative
Sequence Impedance(Z2):
Ammeter Reading, Voltmeter Reading, Phase Voltage,
I(Amps) VL (Volts) Vph=VL/√3

 To Determine Zero Sequence Impedance(Z0):

Voltmeter Reading, Ammeter Reading,

VL0 (Volts) I0(Amps)

List of Formulas:
 To Determine Positive Sequence Impedance(Z1) and Negative Sequence
Impedance(Z2):
𝑉𝑃ℎ
𝑍1 = 𝑍2 =
𝐼𝐿

 To Determine Negative Sequence Impedance(Z0):

3𝑉𝐿𝑂
𝑍0 =
𝐼0

Result:

Viva-Voce Questions:
1. Can DC supply is applied to transformers?
2. What are potential transformer?
3. Why stepped cores are used?

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