Cause and Effect

Warning: Dirty Air

Much like water, air is another vital element in sustaining life on Earth. In short, it is
something that humans, animals, and plants cannot live without.

Unfortunately, the air around us is becoming too dirty. The air that is so important to life
is becoming heavily polluted, and it is posing some serious health and environmental problems.
In fact, air pollution, which is the contamination of air due to harmful and unwanted solids and
gases in air, is now a serious threat to life.

There are various causes of air pollution, most of which are caused by people themselves.
Pollutants like gas emission from vehicles, power plants, and factories as well as chemicals from
pesticides, sprays, aerosols, and the like cause air pollution. The accumulation of garbage in
landfills; the use of toxic gases; and the burning of stoves, incinerators, and fireplaces also
contribute much to air pollution.

As for the effects of air pollution, the World Health Organization reports that some three
million people die yearly because of air pollution. Of this number, most deaths are due to
respiratory diseases caused or aggravated, in one way or another, by air pollution. These diseases
include asthma, emphysema, lung cancer, bronchitis, chronic cough, and breathing problems.

Scientists have also confirmed that air pollution is continuously leading to the thinning of
the ozone layer, Earth’s shield that protects it from the ultraviolet radiation of the sun. This
thinning of the ozone layer is damaging to life on Earth. Scientists also say that because of the
harmful chemicals in the air, there is now a big hole in the ozone layer.

While air pollution is indeed a problem, it is never too late to come up with solutions to
minimize, it not at all stop it. However, controlling or even stopping air pollution will eventually
be up to the people themselves. If only everyone would take part in saving our air, then air
pollution would surely be stopped, and we can hope for a cleaner and fresher air to breathe.
Classification

Tools of the Astronomer

Astronomy is the study of heavenly bodies. Thus, an astronomer is a person who studies
astronomy. But to study heavenly bodies such as stars, planets, comets, and asteroids, an
astronomer needs a variety of modern, hi-tech instruments. Without such instruments,
astronomers will not be able to do what they are supposed to do.

An astronomer uses various instruments to help him or her gather data about the moon,
the stars, the planets, the comets, and other similar bodies. These instruments allow him or her to
see these heavenly bodies from Earth, take their detailed pictures from space, and analyze
physical samples of heavenly objects and faraway planets.

The most important instrument in an astronomer’s arsenal is the telescope. There are
various types of telescopes, namely, refracting telescopes, reflecting telescopes, catadioptric
telescopes, radio telescopes, x-ray telescopes and gamma telescopes to name a few. This
collection of powerful, hi-tech instruments allows astronomers to peek through the vast universe
without leaving the comforts of Earth.

One of the more popular telescopes used by astronomers is the steer-able telescope, a
250-foot-wide dish antenna in England. This enormous telescope "listens" for radio signals and
uses them to measure the distances of different planets from Earth. It is sometimes called the
"Giant Ear to the Sky."

Another popular telescope is the Hale Telescope, a giant telescope found in the Palomar
Observatory at San Diego, California. This huge reflecting telescope, named after famed
astronomer George Ellery Hale, uses a 200-inch mirror to reflect light and form images of the
surfaces of particular planets. It was even used to search for organic matters in Mars as well as to
measure the Red Planet's surface temperature. It the steer-able telescope in England is the "Giant
Ear to the Sky", then this giant telescope in California is the "Huge Eye to the Heavens."

To date, scientists and engineers continue to build more and more instruments to improve
and enhance the field of astronomy. With new, modern instruments always at their fingertips, it
is a good bet that astronomers will be able to continue unlocking the secrets of outer space.
Chronological

LDS Church History

Trying to keep straight the names, places, and events in Church history can be confusing.
However, Church History can be easily organized into six major periods according to where and
when things happened. The Church was founded in New York and Pennsylvania (Beginning),
developed in Ohio and Missouri (Two Church Centers) and continued to grow in Illinois.
Afterward, the Church moved west where converts could worship freely, expanded to other
continents and became a world-wide church.

First, the Beginning which started in the year 1820 to 1830. In Upper New York State,
where a young boy named Joseph Smith saw the "Father and the Son", translated and published
the Book of Mormon, and the organization of the church at April 6, 1830 with a membership of
280. Next is the "Two Church Centers" period which happened in year 1831-1838. The First
Temple was built on Kirtland, Ohio but mob persecutions started. During this time, members of
the church were forced to establish a camp named Zion's Camp that will travel from Ohio to
Missouri. There are 18,000 members at that time. In year 1839-1846, the Church continued to
grow in Illinois. Few faithful Church Leaders are called to go and preach on the British Isles.
Another temple was built and the greatest tragedy of the Church happened- the martyrdom of
Joseph Smith in year 1844. After the death of Joseph Smith, members of the church moved to the
west in year 1846. Four temples were build and along with it is the Salt Lake Temple which
became the ensign to the world. Settlements in Western US, Mexico and Canada, where converts
could worship freely, were established. The Expansion period happened in the year 1899-1951 in
which missionary work expanded to the different continents, like Asia and Africa, with the hope
that the Gospel of Jesus Christ be spread throughout the world. A Welfare Program was also
established to help the church on the economic crisis and world wars.

As of now, many Church leaders are called and organized to help and strengthen both
members and non-members of the church. There are now more than 10,000,000 members of the
church and it's still expected to grow and expand around the globe. Though there are many
challenges, conflicts, and persecutions, the members of the church will continue to strive and
faced these things head on; strong-willed and faithful at all times.
Process

Sending News from Space

A spacecraft has many functions, the most important of which is to send information or
data about its discoveries in space back to Earth. With price tags that amount to billions,
spacecraft need to do this effectively.

This is where telemetry comes in. The science of measuring something in one place and
reporting the results to another, telemetry allows a spacecraft to send information back to Earth
in the form of signals.

Telemetry has two functions: the first is to report about the environment where it is
situated at a given time. The second function is to report on how the spacecraft's equipment is
functioning.

One of telemetry's earliest triumphs happened in December 1962 when the US spacecraft
Mariner II sent back to Earth a complete report on Venus. Through telemetry, the spacecraft was
able to make scientific observations, record critical information about the hottest planet in the
universe, and relay these details back to Earth.

So, how exactly does this process work? First, the spacecraft uses a radio transmitter to
send information to Earth in the form of radio signals. Second, an antenna on Earth receives the
radio signals transmitted by the spacecraft. Third, the receiving station gets the signal and
records it on long strips of magnetic tape. Fourth, the information is teletype to specific
headquarters. Fifth, it is fed to a computer to be analyzed. Finally, the information comes out in
the form of tables or graphs for easy and convenient analyses and storage.

Telemetry allows astronomers and people to know more about the universe, most
especially the planets that make up the solar system. Without this complex process, the great
beyond would probably remain unexplored and unknown.
Comparison and Contrast

Freedom and Responsibility

Human beings in a biological understanding are creatures thought to have descended

from the same common ancestor more than a hundred millennia ago. Evolution and natural
selection placed humans at the top of the organism hierarchy. In this sense, humans can be
thought of as the highest form of animals, distinguished by their rational capability. However, a
philosophical viewpoint sees humans as an embodied spirit - the union of body and soul. This
embodiment allows them to interact with the world in an intimate and meaningful manner.

One thing that sets apart a human person from other animals is their absence of restraint.
Unlike animals, which are driven by instinct alone, a person has the ability to make a choice and
act based on this choice - a privilege called freedom. This freedom can be classified into three:
physical freedom which refers to the absence of physical restraints; psychological freedom which
entails the ability to make a choice; and lastly moral freedom that deals with the upholding of
human dignity. However, freedom is not necessarily absolute. Freedom is bounded by something
called responsibility. Responsibility can be thought of as an unseen boundaries that differs from
the freedom of one from the freedom of another. Most of the time, two freedoms overlap and
thus one has to be compromised or even sacrificed for the greater good.

The concept of freedom and responsibility is best illustrated in the relationship of humans
with the environment. The environment has been around long before humans ever came into the
picture. Every organism, including humans, rely on the environment for sustenance. Humans
actually have the freedom to do what they want with the environment. Nevertheless, having this
freedom gives humans the responsibility to ensure that nature is not harmed. There are three
models that seek to illustrate humans' connection to the environment. First is the anthropocentric
point of view that places more value on human life with the environment seen only as a tool to
aid in their survival. Next is the biocentrism, which equal worth to humans and other flora and
fauna living alongside men. Lastly, there is ecocentrism that gives more emphasis to the
ecosystem in which all living beings thrive.

Aside from the environment, the idea of freedom and responsibility is also exhibited in
the society. As people interact to others in the society, there are certain norms and behaviors that
are adopted to promote law and order. Society greatly influences men to submit to a higher
authority, one that implements certain rules for the common good of every member. These
standards may inhibit some of the choices one can make, but every people are expected to
sacrifice equivalent parts of their freedom so as to not disrupt the natural order. More or less,
every person's engagement in the society affects the people around in a way or another. It is an
endless chain of exercising freedom and responsibility, exercised repeatedly so that everyone can
have equal chance of growth and well-being.
Problem-Solution

Water Power

It would be difficult not to underscore, if not at all overemphasize the importance of

water to human life, most especially the many roles and functions that it plays in sustaining life.
It has been said repeatedly that water is indispensable to life, and this is actually true.

Water gives refuge to thousands of aquatic creatures and plays an important role in
several biological and ecological processes. Water also gives humans another fundamental
source of power: hydroelectric power. Water, combined with man’s ingenuity and intellect, gives
power which can be used for many useful purposes including running machines and equipment.

However, engineers need to solve two problems. First, they needed to find a way to
connect the three elements together: the water source, the turbines, and the generators. Second,
they had to find a way to gather enough moving water to drive a number of huge turbines
because one rapidly spinning turbine would only generate small amounts of electricity.

In order to solve these problems, engineers built turbines and generators near rivers or
lakes, connecting them using tunnels and large walls. In 1878, a house in Northumberland,
England became the first house in history to use hydroelectricity. Four years later, water from the
Fox River in Appleton, Wisconsin, USA provided the two paper mills and a house with
hydroelectricity. Water soon became a reliable source of electricity in countries around the globe
as engineers began to build more and more hydropower plants.

With a vast reservoir of water available and an urgent need for more electricity, people
expect water to continue to be used as a source of energy.
Spatial Order

La tour Eiffel

Eiffel tower , when you are at the top, you are beyond the usual life you are in. Just
imagine you are standing 300 meters that is 984 ft above the ground, looking down at the
beautiful city of Paris. You are on the top of the highest building in the center of culture, the
magnificent Paris and that is all that matters. In spite of their appearance, these massive spans
serve no practical function. They are strictly ornamental and do not help support the structure,
which was the first object built to withstand the forces of the wind as well as gravity.

The tower gets its name from Gustave Eiffel, the man who designed the monument, and
also did the girder work for the Statue of Liberty now in New York harbor. Looking at its open
frame, it comes as no surprise that Eiffel was a bridge engineer when he entered the competition
along with 100 other people to design this lasting monument to French culture. This is perhaps
one of the most famous symbols of this country’s city of lights. Not only is there the sight of the
bustling city, the gently rolling planes and the extraordinary mountain ranges also provide
breathtaking views. The tower at the center of the most famous city, Paris.

Only now, more than one hundred years later, can we see the tower in context. It has aged
gracefully and no longer stands in contrast to the ornate architecture that has survived in modern
Paris. Once the exposition was over, plans were made to destroy the Eiffel Tower. The
monument that brought so much displeasure because it represented that which was modern, new,
and very un-Parisian, was actually saved by technological advances. Engineers realized that the
structure would make a perfect broadcasting tower. Eiffel Tower had proved that greatest
creativity of mankind is both in mind and hands of a person.
Definition and Example

Racism equals Divergence

Racism is defined as the belief that a certain race is superior or inferior to another, that its
inborn biological characteristics predetermine the social and moral characteristics of a person.
Racism breeds hatred and disturbs peace. It brings before our eyes pictures of people hating one
another, pictures of pain and injury. Racism was present all over the world, and it is still present,
though to a lesser degree.

It was present when Hitler murdered six million Jews during the 1930s and 1940s. He
believed in the superiority of the German people, who belonged to a race called Aryans. He
considered the Jews and Blacks to be inferior people. Many nations fought Hitler and finally
defeated him.

Racism was present when the people of Africa were captured and taken as slaves to
America. There they were treated like animals, and tortured and killed if they did not obey their
white masters. When Abraham Lincoln became the American president, he fought against their
continued slavery. It was present when the Hindus and Muslims fought one another when India
was gaining independence. Mahatma Gandhi, the father of the Indian nation, was the one who
tried to make them live in peace.

It was present when the caste system existed in India, and some people were considered
untouchables. Gandhi tried to gave them dignity and equality by mixing with them and calling
them Harijans, which means 'God's people.'

It was present when apartheid existed in South Africa, and a few white people dominated
the Blacks. Apartheid means 'separateness' in Afrikaans, South Africa’s official language . This
word is linked with South Africa because its government kept apart the Blacks and the Whites.
The Blacks could not live in the same area as the Whites. Black children could not go to the
schools where White children went, and Blacks could not get jobs kept for the Whites.

And yet even today, racism is widespread and has caused major problems throughout the
world.
Summary

Shi Robotto

In the anime called “muru robotto” Rami Mariku the author, tells the viewers a story
about the young anti- social computer programmer. This anime was exceptionally popular during
the year of 2015. At first flash, one would think about the anime is just of full of fun and
wonders, However, as the story progresses everything completely transforms into something
weird and threatening. In conclusion, the anime got really popular because a lot of people
enjoyed this.

To summarize, Eriotto is the main protagonist. He is a young prodigy in the field of

cyber-security engineering and hacking. He becomes a vital figure in a complicated game of
global dominance when he and his shadowy allies try to take down the corrupt corporation he
works for. However, he suffers from a strange condition similar to schizophrenia which he
desperately tries to keep under control by regularly taking both legal and illegal drugs and
visiting his therapist. One day, a moody young woman named Darrin and a mysterious middle-
aged man Shi Robotto, claiming to be a leader of an underground hacking group, offer Eriotto a
chance to help them take down Ekooppu. Eriotto then finds himself at the crossroads. Shi
Robotto, who secretly want to take down Eriotto, also reveals that he already has one ally, an
even more mysterious, secretive and highly dangerous hacking group known as Dark Army.
Meanwhile, Eriotto's childhood friend, Anjera who frames Ekooppu for the death of their
parents, tries to defeat Ekooppu legally by joining their ranks and trying to dig up evidence of
their corruption from the inside. A wild card in this scheme becomes, an unhinged psychopathic
Ekooppu buddy, who has a strange relationship with his imperious wife Joanna. After many
twists and turns, Shi Robotto's plan has finally succeeded.

Overall, the story of the anime is really well-written and its plot was amazing. One would
never expect to witness a lot of brutalities in the anime. It contains really intense story. In short,
the Shi Robotto is one of the best anime of 2015.
Description

A Look at Marijuana

Stoned. High. Trippy.

These are just some of the words used to describe a person’s experience with marijuana.
Known for its mind-altering effect, this substance is commonly considered the mother of all
gateway drugs due to its widespread use among young people. Well, here are some things one
needs to know about this popular drug.

Marijuana is an umbrella term that refers to most parts of the Cannabis indica or
Cannabis sativa plant such as dried leaves, flowers, stems and seeds. The plant contains the
active chemical tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) which is responsible for the “high” effect that the
plant gives.

Contrary to popular culture, weed (street name for marijuana) is not only taken through
smoking. Other methods of taking the substance include the inhalation of its vapor and the use of
water pipes (bongs). Not only that, it can also be used as an additive to food such as cookies,
candies or brownies.

When smoking weed, the compound THC quickly enters the bloodstream through the
lungs and is carried by blood to the rest of the organs. As it reaches the brain, it activates certain
brain receptors resulting to distorted perception of time and reality, severe mood swings and in
high doses temporary paranoia and psychosis.

There are no studies that indicate marijuana’s adverse effect on the human body.
However, documented research finds that long-term use of the substance can lead to a significant
drop in a person’s intelligence quotient (IQ). Other long-term effects include lower life
satisfaction and the inability to maintain healthy relationships.

To sum it all up, marijuana as a psychoactive drug is a readily available substance with a
mild effect compared to other lethal drugs. Despite its mild effect on a user’s physical health, it
comes with a myriad of ill effects in the mental and social capabilities of a person. Thus, one
should consider these things first before lighting that joint and hitting the hay.