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‖𝑣⃗‖ = √𝑎2 + 𝑏 2
𝑎⃗ = (3,5) 𝑏⃗⃗ = (−4,1)
Magnitud
‖𝑎⃗‖ = √32 + 52 ‖𝑏⃗⃗‖ = √−42 + 12
|𝑎⃗| = √9 + 25 |𝑏⃗⃗| = √16 + 1
= √34 = √17
= 5.830 = 4.123
Dirección
Angulo
sin 𝜃 sin 𝜃
𝜃 = tan 𝜃 cos 𝜃 𝜃 = tan 𝜃 cos 𝜃
5 1
𝜃 = tan−1 (3) 𝜃 = tan−1 (−4)
A.B
cos 𝜃 = ‖A‖‖B‖
θ = cos−1 (cos θ)
−7
cos 𝜃 =
(5.830) . (4.123)
cos 𝜃 = −0.29121
𝜃 = cos −1 (−0.29121)
𝜃 = 106.927°
Suma
⃗⃗ = (𝑎⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗)]
[R
𝑅⃗⃗ = (3,5) + (−4,1)
𝑅⃗⃗ = (−1,6)
Magnitud
|𝑅⃗⃗ | = √−12 + 62
|𝑅⃗⃗ | = √1 + 36
|𝑅⃗⃗ | = √37
|𝑅⃗⃗ | = 6,082
Dirección
Encontrar el área del paralelogramo formado por los vectores representados, con
teoría vectorial.
b) Dados los vectores 𝑣⃗ = 3𝑖 − 4𝑗 + 2𝑘 𝑤
⃗⃗⃗ = 2𝑖 + 5𝑗 + 4𝑘 calcular:
−3𝑣⃗ + 2𝑤 ⃗⃗⃗
Solución
−3v⃗⃗ + 2w⃗⃗⃗
−3. v⃗⃗ = −3. (3i − 4𝑗 + 2𝑘) ⃗⃗⃗ = 2. (2𝑖 + 5𝑗 + 4𝑘)
2. 𝑤
= −9i + 12j − 6k = 4𝑖 + 10𝑗 + 8𝑘
−3𝑣⃗ + 2𝑤 ⃗⃗⃗ = (−9𝑖 + 4𝑖) + (12𝑗 + 10𝑗) + (−6 + 8)
−5𝑖 + 22𝑗 + 2𝑘
6(𝑣⃗. 𝑤
⃗⃗⃗)
= (−6)
= −36
Calcular los cosenos directores de cada uno de los vectores.
𝑥 𝑦 𝑧
cos 𝑎 = cos 𝑏 cos 𝑦 =
|𝑣⃗| |𝑣⃗| |𝑣⃗|
|𝑣⃗| = 3𝑖 − 4𝑗 + 2𝑘 |𝑤
⃗⃗⃗| = 2𝑖 + 5𝑗 + 4𝑘
|𝑣⃗| = √32 + (−4)2 + 22 |𝑤⃗⃗⃗| = √22 + 52 + 42
|𝑣⃗| = √9 + 16 + 4 |𝑤⃗⃗⃗| = √4 + 25 + 16
|𝑣⃗| = √29 |𝑤⃗⃗⃗| = √45
= 5.385 = 6.708
3 2
cos 𝑎 = = 0.557 cos 𝑎 = = 0.557
√29 √45
−4 5
cos 𝑏 = = 0.742 cos 𝑏 = = 0.745
√29 √45
2 4
cos 𝑦 = = 0.371 cos 𝑦 = = 0.596
√29 √45
Calcular el producto cruz y el producto punto.
𝑅 = 𝑣𝑥𝑤
𝑣⃗ = 3𝑖 − 4𝑗 + 2𝑘 𝑤
⃗⃗⃗ = 2𝑖 + 5𝑗 + 4𝑘
𝑖 𝑗 𝑘
4 2 3 2 3 −4
𝑣⃗𝑥𝑤
⃗⃗⃗ = |3 −4 2| 𝑣⃗𝑥𝑤
⃗⃗⃗ = | |−| |+| |
5 4 2 4 2 5
2 5 4
⃗⃗⃗ = [(−4𝑖). (4𝑖) − (5𝑖). (2𝑖)] − [(3𝐽). (4𝐽) − (2𝐽). (2𝐽)] + [(3𝑘). (5𝑘) − (2𝑘). (−4𝑘)]
𝑣⃗𝑥𝑤
⃗⃗⃗ = [−16𝑖 − 10𝑖] − [12𝑗 − 4𝑗] + [15𝑘 + 8]
𝑣⃗𝑥𝑤
⃗⃗⃗ = −26𝑖 − 8𝑗 + 23𝑘
𝑣⃗𝑥𝑤
𝑣⃗ = 3𝑖 − 4𝑗 + 2𝑘
𝑤
⃗⃗⃗ = 2𝑖 + 5𝑗 + 4𝑘
⃗⃗⃗ = 〈3 − 4 + 2〉. 〈2 + 5 + 4〉
𝑣⃗. 𝑤
⃗⃗⃗ = (3). (2) + (−4). (5) + (2). (4)
𝑣⃗. 𝑤
𝑣⃗. 𝑤
⃗⃗⃗ = 6 − 20 + 8
𝑣⃗. 𝑤
⃗⃗⃗ = −6