MATHEMATICS SUMMARY OF FORMULA

Closure Property of Addition y = logb(x) if and only if x=b y

Sum (or difference) of 2 real numbers equals a real logb(1) = 0
number logb(b) = 1
Additive Identity logb(x*y) = logb(x) + logb(y)
a+0=a logb(x/y) = logb(x) - logb(y)
Additive Inverse logb(x n) = n logb(x)
a + (-a) = 0 logb(x) = logb(c) * logc(x) = logc(x) / logc(b)
Associative of Addition
(a + b) + c = a + (b + c)
Commutative of Addition Special Polygons
a+b=b+a Special Quadrilaterals - square, rhombus,
Definition of Subtraction parallelogram, rectangle, and the trapezoid.
a - b = a + (-b)
Closure Property of Multiplication Special Triangles - right, equilateral, isosceles,
Product (or quotient if denominator 0) of 2 reals scalene, acute, obtuse.
equals a real number
Multiplicative Identity
Polygon Names
a*1=a
Multiplicative Inverse Sides Name
a * (1/a) = 1 (a 0) n N-gon
(Multiplication times 0)
3 Triangle
a*0=0
Associative of Multiplication 4 Quadrilateral
(a * b) * c = a * (b * c) 5 Pentagon
Commutative of Multiplication
a*b=b*a 6 Hexagon
Distributive Law 7 Heptagon
a(b + c) = ab + ac 8 Octagon
Definition of Division
a / b = a(1/b) 10 Decagon
12 Dodecagon

Poynomial Identities
(a+b) 2 = a 2 + 2ab + b 2 Names for other polygons have been proposed.
(a+b)(c+d) = ac + ad + bc + bd
a 2 - b 2 = (a+b)(a-b) (Difference of squares) Sides Name
a 3 b 3 = (a b)(a 2 ab + b 2) (Sum and Difference of
9 Nonagon, Enneagon
Cubes)
x 2 + (a+b)x + AB = (x + a)(x + b) 11 Undecagon, Hendecagon
if ax 2 + bx + c = 0 then x = ( -b (b 2 - 4ac) ) / 2a 13 Tridecagon, Triskaidecagon
(Quadratic Formula)
14 Tetradecagon, Tetrakaidecagon
Powers 15 Pentadecagon, Pentakaidecagon
16 Hexadecagon, Hexakaidecagon
x a x b = x (a + b) 17 Heptadecagon, Heptakaidecagon
x a y a = (xy) a
(x a) b = x (ab) 18 Octadecagon, Octakaidecagon
x (a/b) = bth root of (x a) = ( bth (root)(x) ) a 19 Enneadecagon, Enneakaidecagon
x (-a) = 1 / x a
20 Icosagon
x (a - b) = x a / x b
30 Triacontagon
Logarithms 40 Tetracontagon

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MATHEMATICS SUMMARY OF FORMULA

50 Pentacontagon
60 Hexacontagon
rectangle = ab
70 Heptacontagon
80 Octacontagon
90 Enneacontagon
100 Hectogon, Hecatontagon parallelogram = bh

1,000 Chiliagon
10,000 Myriagon
trapezoid = h/2 (b1 + b2)

Area of a regular polygon = (1/2) N sin(360°/N) S2

Sum of the interior angles of a polygon = (N - 2) x circle = pi r 2

180°

The number of diagonals in a polygon = 1/2 N(N-3)

The number of triangles (when you draw all the
ellipse = pi r1 r2
diagonals from one vertex) in a polygon = (N - 2)

one half times

the base
triangle
length times
=
the height of
the triangle

Equilateral
triangle =

Side - one of the line segments that make up the

polygon.
Vertex - point where two sides meet. Two or more
of these points are called vertices.
Diagonal - a line connecting two vertices that isn't a
side.
Interior Angle - Angle formed by two adjacent sides
inside the polygon.
Exterior Angle - Angle formed by two adjacent sides
outside the polygon.
triangle given SAS (two sides and the opposite
angle)
= (1/2) a b sin C
triangle given a,b,c = [s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)] when s =
(a+b+c)/2 (Heron's formula)
regular polygon = (1/2) n sin(360°/n) S2
when n = # of sides and S = length from center to a
corner

square = a 2
cube = a 3

rectangular prism = a b c

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MATHEMATICS SUMMARY OF FORMULA

Area of Circle:

irregular prism = b h
area = PI r2

cylinder = b h = pi r 2 h Length of a Circular Arc: (with central angle )

if the angle is in degrees, then length = x
(PI/180) x r
pyramid = (1/3) b h if the angle is in radians, then length = r x

Area of Circle Sector: (with central angle )

cone = (1/3) b h = 1/3 pi r 2 h
if the angle is in degrees, then area = ( /360)x PI
r2
if the angle is in radians, then area = (( /(2PI))x
sphere = (4/3) pi r 3 PI r2

Equation of Circle: (Cartesian coordinates)

ellipsoid = (4/3) pi r1 r2 r3

arc: a curved line that is part of the circumference of

a circle

chord: a line segment within a circle that touches 2

points on the circle.
for a circle with center (j, k) and radius (r):
(x-j)^2 + (y-k)^2 = r^2
circumference: the distance around the circle.

Equation of Circle: (polar coordinates)

diameter: the longest distance from one end of a
circle to the other. for a circle with center (0, 0): r( ) = radius

origin: the center of the circle for a circle with center with polar coordinates: (c,
) and radius a:
pi (pi): A number, 3.141592..., equal to (the r2 - 2cr cos( - ) + c2 = a2
circumference) / (the diameter) of any circle.
Equation of a Circle: (parametric coordinates)
radius: distance from center of circle to any point on for a circle with origin (j, k) and radius r:
it. x(t) = r cos(t) + j y(t) = r sin(t) + k

sector: is like a slice of pie (a circle wedge).

tangent of circle: a line perpendicular to the radius

that touches ONLY one point on the circle.

Diameter = 2 x radius of circle

Circumference of Circle = PI x diameter = 2 PI x

radius
where PI = = 3.141592...

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MATHEMATICS SUMMARY OF FORMULA

FEATI AERO BOARD REVIEW CENTER Prepared by JGGD