ENGINE VALVE

Engine valves are essential parts for engine functioning. They

are located in the cylinder head and can be classified into
intake valves and exhaust valves. The intake valves bring in
air/fuel into chamber for combustion and the exhaust valves let
exhaust out after burning. The open and close of valves are
decided by the cylinder piston positions. A detailed explanation
by Marshall Brain on how engine works can be found at
Pertains to values or systems that control the flow of gases or
fluids within an engine, particularly.
Steam to and from the cylinder of a steam engine.
the fuel-air mixtures to, or exhaust gases from, internal
combustion engines.

CLASSIFICATION
Intake engine valve
exhaust engine valve
Material
intake valves are made up of an allow called “ Silchrome 1 “
that contains 8.5% of chromium.
exhaust valves may be made from a martensitic steel with
chrome or silicon alloys .

MANUFACTURING PROCESS

Extrusion forging
-Material purchased in bar diameters
-Two piece valves are welded after forging
-Head can be heat treated separately from stem
Upset forging
-Material purchased in pin diameters
-Two piece valves are welded “pin to pin” prior to upsetting
-Head and stem are usually heated as a composite
Engine valves heat treatment description
The working conditions of engine valves are severe. Doug
Kaufman states that intake valves typically run at the range of
800F—1000F (427C-538C) while exhaust valves typically run at
1200F—1450F (649C-788C), due to the temperature difference
of intake gas and exhaust. Besides high temperature, valve also
experiences cyclic loading. A valve can open and close dozens
of times per second. Because of the high working temperature
and strength required in such conditions, heat resistant steels
are often used. Besides proper material selection, proper heat
treatment is essential in manufacturing high performance
engine valves. It is vital to create the desired properties like
strength, wear resistance, toughness, fatigue strength,
hardness and microstructure. Normal heat treating methods
include annealing, normalizing, tempering and hardening. To
decide a specific heat treatment process, alloy phase diagram is
the fundamental tool.
Corrosion resistance
The corrosive environment surrounding the exhaust valves in
gasoline engines is considered in connection with the types of
corrosion that can occur there. Included in the discussion are
valve face, valve head, valve stem and weld junction corrosion.

A method of evaluating the corrosion resistance of exhaust

valve steels is given. The effect of analysis variation in the
chromium-nickel, chromium-nickel-manganese and chromium-
nickel-cobalt steels as it influences corrosion is presented.
Other matters discussed include the influence of silicon on the
corrosion of valve steels, the effect of a variation in nickel-iron
content on aircraft valves, and the use of valve rotators in
reducing exhaust valve corrosion.

Surface treatments

 Coatings, which are applied on top of the bulk material

 Surface hardening treatments, which alter the mechanical
properties or composition of the valve material itself
 Mechanical treatments, which work the surface of the
valve.
Manufacturers
 Hydraulic Equipment Supplier
 PUNE, Maharashtra
 020 2445 8444

 Lana Valves Manufacturing

Company
 Manufacturer
 Pune, Maharashtra
 020 2469 0247
 Cooper Corporation
 Manufacturer
 Pune, Maharashtra
 099229 22584

 SMC Pneumatics India Pvt. Ltd.

 Manufacturer
 Pune, Maharashtra
 020 2546 6859
Cost
For single single engine valve the cost is around
40 INR.
for two wheeler engine valve the cost is around
80 INR.