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CHAPTER I

PRELIMINARY

1.1 Background

Indonesia is one of the countries that is rich in germplasm (germ

plasm) medicinal plants, of about 1000 types of medicinal plants, including more than

300 types are very potential to be used as raw materials for herbs and medicines

traditional (Rukmana, 2003). Many people today

consume supplements derived from plants for the purpose of

prevention and treatment of diseases. One of the causes of the disease

namely the presence of free radicals. If the cell binds to free radicals then

damage to cell structure and cell function can occur which can trigger emergence

various diseases (Silalahi, 2006). Then we need an antioxidant compound

which can reduce the work of these free radicals.

Synthetic antioxidants are reported to be harmful to human health.

Some clinical trials have reported no antioxidant supplements

prevent disease but can worsen health. Therefore,

research on antioxidant compounds from natural ingredients must be improved

(Tzukahara, 2014). One of the antioxidant compounds in plants is phenol,

which has a hydrocrystalline group, functions as a contributor to hydrogen atoms

when reacting with free radical compounds through a transfer mechanism

electron (Widyastuti, 2010).

Morphology and Plant Description

Red betel (Piper crocatum) has the characteristics of its leaves

thick red and if the leaves are torn, it will


remove mucus and a more fragrant aroma, grow vines

on fences or trees, trunked round, not flowering, leaves

assemble and form the heart of the heart with a pointed tip

(Werdhany, et al., 2008).

3) Cultivation

Red betel plants (Piper crocatum) can adapt

well on every type of soil and not too complicated inside

CHAPTER IV

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

4.1 Research Results

Research on antioxidant activity and total phenol of leaf simplicia

red betel vine (Piper crocatum), roselle flower (Hibiscus sabdariffa) and spinach leaves

red (Amaranthus tricolor), are as follows:

4.1.1 Collection of Sample Results Determination

The sample used was simplicia from red betel leaf (Piper

crocatum), roselle flowers (Hibiscus sabdariffa) and red spinach leaves

(Amaranthus tricolor) obtained from the Spice Crops Research Institute and

Manoko Lembang medicine.

The results of the determination of the three plants were carried out by

Herbarium Jatinagor Biology Department FMIPA UNPAD shows that the third

the type of plant used as research material is correct, namely betel

red (Piper crocatum), roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) and red spinach

(Amaranthus tricolor). The results of determination can be seen in the Appendix


KESIMPULAN

1) Aktivitas antioksidan daun sirih merah (Piper crocatum) dengan

pereaksi DPPH yaitu sebesar 48,86 ppm dan dengan metode reduksi

sebesar 22,37 mg Eq kuersetin/g. Aktivitas antioksidan bunga rosela

(Hibiscus sabdariffa) dengan pereaksi DPPH yaitu sebesar 118,20 ppm

dan dengan metode reduksi sebesar 8,24 mg Eq kuersetin/g. Aktivitas

antioksidan daun bayam merah (Amaranthus tricolor) dengan pereaksi

DPPH yaitu sebesar 332,06 ppm dan dengan metode reduksi sebesar

7,06 mg Eq kuersetin/g.

2) Total fenol daun sirih merah (Piper crocatum) sebesar 9,84 mg Eq asam

galat/g. Total fenol bunga rosela (Hibiscus sabdariffa) sebesar 9,17 mg

Eq asam galat/g. Total fenol daun bayam merah (Amaranthus tricolor)

sebesar 2,44 mg Eq kuersetin/g.

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