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doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v5i2.89

Cuid Rev 2014; 5 (2): 765-73 ARTICLE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION

SUCCESSFUL EXPERIENCES IN NURSING LEADERSHIP

SUCCESSFUL EXPERIENCES NURSING LEADERSHIP

Luz Mery Sanabria Valderrama one

Historical
Received:
June 14, 2014
Accepted:
August 29, 2014
one Master in nurse In
firmary Specialist Pediatric
Critical Care, School Teacher
Enfer ticidal of Pe dagógica and
Technological University
Colombia, Tunja, Boyaca.
Correspondence: 5th Street 4E
No 63, Barrio Dona Eva, second
stage, Tunja, jackfruit Bo. Phone
3017204670. Email: meryluzesp
@ yahoo. is
SUMMARY
Introduction: The aim of the research was to describe the experience of nurses in administrative positions in health
to foster leadership in the professional future of nursing.
Materials and methods: descriptive, narrative design with qualitative research topics since focuses on a topic that
refers to nursing leadership. results: Successful experiences, from which emerged two subcategories: optimal use
of resources and care from management positions three categories were obtained. The other categories were
named; nursing leadership and professional future. Discussion: The results were analyzed in the light of the
literature finding similarities in the labor market asks the nurse applying leadership and should resize the training of
future professionals and new practice scenarios to respond to the needs of a country. conclusions: Difficulties arise
to exercise leadership at the start of working life are fear, ignorance of rights as an employee and not knowing how
much is nursing work. They are subsequently presented by misunderstandings, unsuitable relationships, absence of
collegiality and lack of positioning and recognition of the profession. Being a leader is an almost inherent nursing
process either from the Community clinical setting, or through the exercise of administrative positions and should
promote and enhance the student.

Keywords: Leadership, Nursing, Continuing Education, Job Satisfaction. (Source: MeSH NLM).

http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v5i2.89

ABSTRACT
Introduction: The research objective was to describe the nursing professional experience in administrative charges in
health for fomenting the leadership in the professional future of nursing.
Materials and Methods: Qualitative research topics of descriptive narrative type With design as it Focuses on a thematic
Which Refers to nursing leadership. results: Three categories Were gotten: successful experiences, from there Which
Appeared two subcategories: OPTIMAL resources and care from charges directive. The other categories are named: of
nursing leadership and professional future.
discussion: The results Were Analyzed to the information implicit finding similarities since the marketing efforts Suggest
About the application nurse leadership and it must be modified the training of future professional practice settings and news
for replying to a country needs. conclusions: The Difficulties Which exercises are coming for leadership at the beginning of
working life are there AWE, there isn't Knowledge About the rights as an employee and the value of nursing doubt. Then there
will Appear misunderstandings, hard interpersonal relationships, positioning lake of absence and profession recognition.
Being leader is an almost since the clinical and community fields or Throughout the administrative charges must exercise and
it be Promoted in the nursing and Increased learner.

Key words: Leadership, Male Nurses, Education Continuing, Job Satisfaction. (Source: MeSH
NLM).
http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v5i2.89

How to cite this article: ML Valderrama. Successful experiences of nursing leadership. Rev Cuid. 2014; 5 (2): 765-73.
http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v5i2.89
© 2014 University of Santander. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attri bution (CC BYNC 3.0), which permits
unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly cited.

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 Cuid Rev 2014; 5 (2): 765-73
INTRODUCTION
The aim of the research was to describe the experience of three
nurses hold administrative positions in health in order to foster
leadership in the professional future of nursing. the advancement of
knowledge in research, national and international level regarding
the issue leadership in nursing professionals analyzed; which
concluded the need for studies to acquire skills success as a leader
(1). Also, nurses need to develop a leadership that is flexible and
that transcends beyond the organizational settings; considering
that education allows for behavior modification processes around
acquiring leadership skills in the professional future of nursing (2).
In this sense Souza LP and others (2013) They indicate that nurses
lack preparation for the labor market to exercise leadership (3).
Leadership is not as widespread in practice as you think, many
managers only partially carried out the role of leader and do what
his opinion think is right. This justifies the need to change the way
we think about leadership to survive changes in the health system.
It requires the nurse to play a new role, more group-oriented and
forward-looking, flexible, dynamic and willing to take risks, as
opposed to controlling role, focusing on the position of "chief" who
has played for years or on the contrary the role of submission
awaiting orders from other health disciplines. (4). That's why we
must be willing to modify the routine and in that sense, teachers
should enable the development and maturation of new types of
leadership (4). It requires a transformation of objective image of
leadership having as axis training with managerial skills for nursing,
along with a strong sense of unity and professional collaboration
with scientific approach, negotiation and change strategies in this
way, it could provide an important impetus for the development of
nursing leadership in health organizations (5).
According to the analysis and review conducted for nursing as a
discipline has been a constant concern to develop competencies
for exercising leadership in future professionals from
undergraduate training, so that the development and positioning of
the profession support and therefore it responds to health priorities
that the country needs. This concern also comes because the
health reform expands and accelerates its pace. (6). By
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SUCCESSFUL EXPERIENCES IN NURSING LEADERSHIP
Therefore, according to this, the nursing profession needs to
assess the current preparation of nurses for management and
leadership and ask if it relates to current needs. This concern of the
nursing leadership is essential for the development and positioning
of discipline and as such can be learned or potentiated; in this
sense universities play a major role in its development and
strengthening (6) paper.
With the change in the health system, leadership is a process that
must be present throughout the professional practice in all roles, by
providing care, in the direction of a nursing service, program or
institution providing services health, or simply in the
interdisciplinary and inter-dialogue practice requires nursing care
subjects (6). According to the above, it is essential that nurses take
possession of this context, allowing both the development of health
systems and care management. In this sense, the acquisition of
tools to exercise effective leadership is critical. Therefore training
and ongoing training and exchange of successful experiences
achieved establish (2).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
It is a descriptive qualitative research with narrative design
because it is part of the experience of three professional nursing
where are described and discussed their experiences in
managerial positions. According to Mertens (2005) it is a narrative
study of topics since it focuses on a subject that in the case of
research refers to nursing leadership (7).
Three nurses were participants, after signing the informed consent.
depth interviews that refers to several extensive and detailed
sessions with a person was used for the collection and analysis of
information held simultaneously, from a question, which in the case
of the research was: why decided being a nurse? according to the
answer, they were generating new questions. They were two to
three interviews per participant, at various times, lasting on
average an hour and a half. It featured time and available to
participants. The interviews were recorded and transcribed
verbatim, after signing the informed consent, making an
appointment with
Luz Mery Sanabria Valderrama TAKE CARE magazine

participants, where privacy is guaranteed and no interference (8).

The information obtained from observations and interviews were organized as follows:

Table 1. Organization of information

Participant or Informant No. interview No.

Actual charge:

Name (Initials) Age:

Vocational training: Positions

held:

reference
number or descriptors codes Categories subcategories
mnemonic

Source: Prepared by the author

Reference numeral was used as an example: P1E3P2 where P
corresponded to participant:
1, 2, 3 E to interview, 1, 2, 3 ... and the last P to the relevant
paragraph of the transcribed interview. Descriptors were each
participant testimony, codes were used to identify meaning units
according to the
descriptors and categories and subcategories emerged from the
analysis and grouping of codes. field notes that were the
instrument data recording where observations were recorded
completely accurate and detailed (8) were also used.

RESULTS

Characterization of participants

Table 2. Characterization of Participants

COMPETITOR ACTUAL CHARGE AGE TRAINING TYPE OF LIDER

ESE Hospital San manager 39 years Nurse 2001, graduate

P1 Anthony of hospital management, post degree in

Anolaima occupational health and protection of

occupational hazards, Post degree audit

in health. (National).

Magister in business administration democratic

specializing in quality management, safety and

environment (international with U. Viña del

Mar)

Nurse 2001, specialist in

hospital management, audit specialist

in health, (National). Democratic and

Health Secretary Paipa Pioneer, faces challenges to
Magister in business administration with
P2
34 years
exit achiever
an emphasis on safety, quality

and a half ambient,

(International U. Viña del Mar), VIII semester

student of law.

Post director degrees

2000 Nurse Specialist care
the Faculty of Health critic, Magister in
P3 34 years Autocratic
Sciences AAUCTU Nursing with emphasis on family health

Source: Prepared by the author

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 Cuid Rev 2014; 5 (2): 765-73
In describing and analyzing the experience of nurses who perform
health administrative positions in three categories they were
obtained, called: Successful experiences from which emerged two
subcategories called optimal use of resources and care from
management positions. The other categories were named; nursing
leadership and professional future.
Within the category successful experiences, professionals consider
training both undergraduate and postgraduate has been important
for management positions, along with learning from each
experience and maintaining friendships from all areas of
knowledge, with great responsibility, raising opinions to be
recognized and position the profession in society. Also recognize
that leadership roles in health has been a wonderful, rewarding
from the work and personal and express feelings of happiness,
pride and admiration for the exercise of nursing experience.
Below is one of the testimonies that support this category:
"Excellent, is a wonderful experience, every day I learn more of the
system, Law 100, how to run and Vivencio each and every one of
the problems we face in health, as service providers and as
affiliates and users of the system. It is very gratifying for me as a
professional, as a graduate, as a nurse with the formation of
postgraduate courses I have done, to lead an organization like the
one I meet with many difficulties because the system is one but the
problems are many, but a fortune for me and it's a rewarding work
experience and staff in which I feel more satisfied every day
"P1E1P5
Within the sub-optimal use of resources found that it is essential to
know the reality, expectations regarding the institutional
organization and the particular needs of users. Thus they mention
that within the tools to make good use of resources are:
seriousness, consider an action plan and a plan for improvement
and equitable distribution.
Some of the testimonies that support this subcategory are:
"It is essential for me to know reality
institutional, what are my duties and what my
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SUCCESSFUL EXPERIENCES IN NURSING LEADERSHIP
expectation against the organization, made it clear that hospitals
are state social enterprises, therefore the gain is not economic but
social which is a great struggle we are now bringing to this element
be recognized because it can not provide a service health based
solely on the financial support of organizations, we provide health
services based on social needs, users have "P1E1P28.
"The base is the seriousness and accounting, there are exercises
where it requires a lot of money but not many results are obtained,
while there are exercises where few resources are used and the
results are great. The objectives must be met with added value
"P2E1P24.
In the subcategory of care from a management position, "care"
within the administrative area since on the one hand the manager
of a health institution is the guarantor of this right so that users can
access the services considered essential; on the other hand from
the formulation of public policy and resource allocation through the
Ministry of Health of a municipality and from a university supporting
the training of future professionals is achieved by providing care in
administration effectively and wider dimension.
They presented one of the testimonies that supports this subcategory:
"With the power to allocate resources when this is done, I am
taking the first step to ensure care because you can not provide
care if there are no resources for projects for the clinical area, the
extramural area to ensure care families and communities, as well
as resources to ensure the administrative feedback, more efficient
staff hiring and prepared "P2E1P26.
The second category found, refers to nursing leadership, very
important for decision making depends on the person, their
comprehensive training and guidance they have given him in
college. They consider that to be a leader just enough will and want
to do it but with the expectation of reaching large scales that
transcend even political spheres of the country where the greatest
health decisions are made. Also they mention that the nursing
leadership develops from the aging process, the family context that
has allowed him to review, question in life, "not eat a whole" and
that
Luz Mery Sanabria Valderrama
it requires certain values ​such as responsibility, commitment,
sense of belonging, solidarity, ethics, knowledge of interpersonal
relationships, among others and in turn made from everyday life in
the classroom to encourage leadership among students. One
participant believes that leadership must be something inherent in
the exercise of the profession is to see care beyond a
circumstance or a simple procedure, recognize that the person is a
historical being, political, with family, immersed in a society and
own needs.
Some of the evidence that supports this category are:
"Nurses will always be the leaders of health teams, not only
coordination but helping to effective decision making because
anywhere each and every one of the decisions made on behalf of
users will be a nurse present, either in the outpatient area, in the
hospital area because this professional is the center, "P1E1P10.
"It is willing, if I'm not sure what I want, that's what will allow me
access to leadership is the ability to infect others, so they can work
together, it is an opportunity in which we nurses nurses and
administrative area can offer perhaps so that they can consolidate
many things and have many results. It is a step towards achieving
efficiency, but not only in nursing care but large scale, which even
political spheres of the country, can you share in the community
not only from the concept of health but from others concepts above
"P2E1P8.
In the third category called professional nursing fututo, participants
expressed that requires leaders, whole people, with training
oriented nursing care, knowledge and regulatory compliance in
health force, to meet the needs of country and aware of the
responsibility that involves the exercise of the profession. Also
considered important to maintain good relationships, encourage
students self-care, they are able to express their opinions, are
restless, keep illusions, discover every day and the teacher should
set an example to encourage support among professionals in the
process training and for the future.
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The following testimonies point to the formation of future
professional nursing:
"Professional leaders who work in all areas. The same changes in
the health system, require resizing care, which may occur from the
administrative assistance area and in all areas structured system
and we will be leaders in each of the processes but we depend on
to continue doing training integrated in each of the programs in the
country "P1E1P13.
"In order to know what kind of professionals the country needs
need to know which model health exists, to know we see the need
and change is not only in the clinical area or community area,
perhaps some universities specialize in clinical subjects, others in
community issues, but many are forgetting that there are other
areas such as the administrative area and is increasingly the need
for nurses in administration in health, so if you must see is where
the health model aims in Colombia to prepare their professional
"P2E1P13.
Continuing the vision of professional future, participants were also
asked about the possible scenarios of practice and found that
students must leave more to interact with communities from the
needs of the people, look for them and not expect to reach
consultation in the health institution, attend all levels of health care;
first, second, third and fourth if you have the possibility in both
public and private institutions, capital cities, health departments
and if possible contact with the Ministry of Health. Also mentioned
to be drawn students from traditional environments, have the
opportunity to attend councils of government, talking to community
leaders, to show successful experiences,
Then the testimonies that support the possible scenarios of
professional practice for the future are presented:
"It's going back to where our users, to know the conditions in which
you live, you can not tell a user who is malnourished if we do not
know how you live ?, we can not say stop using salt when not even
have to buy it, we can not say eat well when we are not
encouraging their attendance at the college, we can not tell you
that your child is well nourished because he believes it now
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 Cuid Rev 2014; 5 (2): 765-73
educational establishments send them to eat, there send them to
form, but it remains the responsibility of the family education and
home care, for that reason we must go back and look at our
communities in the rural area most importantly, how are accessing
our professional users, not the user to our professionals, we need
to invest that pyramid because today we believe to provide health
has to come to us, when it should be the health team that goes to
the user because the more we know many better decisions and will
have greater impact health actions that we perform "P1E1P22.
"Leadership is living in something as simple as, for example, tell
the student organize groups is a basic instruction, in that case is
being exerted leadership, plays generate them that ability so they
can solve because they do not like to solve or want and everything
is so well organized, they have to not face anything. Show a model
that will motivate them to be leaders, leaving traditional
environments and see that nursing is likely to interact with other
levels and other sectors dela society. "P3E1P11.
DISCUSSION
Contrasting the results of the research literature, it was found that
in the category successful experiences today health institutions
require nurses with profile and skills that enable high performance
in work and collaborate in the scope of organizational objectives.
personal mastery, interpersonal effectiveness, financial
management, resource management: in a research nurse
managers of hospitals and public health agencies in the US by the
Nursing Leadership Institute, six categories of competencies based
on the results of research involving emerged human, care (staff,
patient and himself) and systematized thought. They concluded
that the capabilities of nurses are reflections of the needs of the
labor market and the population requiring competent and aware of
their role professionals. In turn, the labor market is requesting
nursing knowledge and application of leadership, and that
professionals are beginning to pay attention to that demand (9).
This coincides with what narrated by the participants since they
consider to be resized professional training future nurses to meet
the needs of
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SUCCESSFUL EXPERIENCES IN NURSING LEADERSHIP
a country and the labor market and are aware of the responsibility
involved in this exercise.
As for the sub-optimal allocation of resources, Duran MM (1988)
considers that there are preferences and strategies of the
individual who exercises leadership for this purpose (13). This
coincides with the investigation because depending on the needs
of individuals and the institution which is under the responsibility of
the leader will make good use of resources.
With regard to nursing leadership; in Brazil, an investigation by the
Regional Nursing Council of State of Sao Paulo (CORENSP), with
nurses responsible health care technicians, it established the need
for the following skills:
leadership, communication,
decision-making, negotiation, teamwork, interpersonal
relationships, flexibility, emprenderismo, creativity,
view systemic, planning and
organization (9). On the other hand, the nursing professional future
has promoted him from the beginning of its formation is the leader
of the health team, however sometimes have difficulties in
developing this quality (2). This coincides with the investigation
because participants stated that while it is true that leadership is
something inherent in the practice of nursing, must have the mental
disposition, wanting to be and do so based on a scientific basis,
and scenarios everyday practice and are permitted to do. In this
regard, it is necessary to examine the current nursing training of
professionals for leadership and ask whether it is appropriate for
the current health context, otherwise, Nursing will be disjointed
against changes in the existing health system. It is therefore
essential that the nurse will take hold in this context, encouraging
the development of the health system and care management. In
this sense, the acquisition of tools to exercise effective leadership
is essential, and only training, ongoing training and establish them
succeed. In this regard, education is a key to acquire leadership
skills by nurses factor, considering it is a medium that allows and
facilitates behavior modification and behavior of people (2). In turn,
a leader in nursing should be the architect of change, creator of a
new professional culture and sustain a professional doctrine. In
general,
Luz Mery Sanabria Valderrama
condition and is also "do" (4). This coincides with the statement
made by the informants as some nursing leadership conceived as
something innate and others stated that they could be forming.
Regarding the types of leader, one participant said to be
democratic when working in teams and autocratic when
management and directs the company and this coincides with the
literature review because the leader should act differently
depending on the circumstances in which you are the organization,
which can be translated as different leadership styles. In times of
stability to delegate responsibility and control there is more than
one way to run, this has been considered correct. When no
transition or change is necessary that the leader has a vision of
how the organization intends to be a more or less near future (4).
With regard to the category of professional future it appears that
leadership is an important issue related to how to integrate the
various elements of nursing practice to ensure quality of care;
includes a critical skill that every nurse must possess to improve
professional practice and is about interpersonal relationships, this
is critical for leadership and nursing work (10). It coincides with
research which concluded that interpersonal relationships are
important for leadership in nursing, as well as integrating both
theoretical and practical elements factor. In addition to the above,
the participants mentioned the training of future professionals must
be framed within the existing health system in the country,
Also, according to the knowledge imparted it is necessary to
recognize that while there are concepts and management theories
that are dictated by tradition, it is equally important to introduce
contributions that have been done, thanks to the implementation
and evolution of results in companies with dynamic more
appropriate for the changes of the modern world, and more
importantly, on a morning where the tools may be different (12).
Why the research was based on successful experiences in
management positions in health for the future professional nursing
dimensione
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other areas to provide care and strengthen leadership. Therefore,
joint work of academic peers with professionals working in
administration or at the institutional level in the direction of nursing
in the clinical area, programs or projects in the health sector, or the
management of health institutions is required to establish
proposals to strengthen the training of future professionals.
As for possible learning scenarios for future professional training in
undergraduate somehow it contributes to the development of
leadership through various activities and methodologies such as
group work and case studies, among others, and training practices
as the setting par excellence to achieve it. All of these strategies
are aimed, mostly, the strengthening of leadership. Meanwhile
teachers, as well as training practices, attitudes and recognize
teaching as the most important example in leadership training (6).
This is also consistent with the results from research where it is
mentioned that leadership must come from the student's daily
activities in the classroom class, is not only a subject,
Education being the process of modifying human behavior, it is
natural that this is the starting point to facilitate the initiation of
structural changes and power, making the formation of the nurse
somewhat flexible and progressive to facilitate career
advancement, and it has been shown that only the expert nurse
demonstrates sufficient competence to: 1) explain the conceptual
essence of the discipline, 2) determine their scientific, humanistic
and ethical content, 3) identify strategies that legitimize the
practice, 4) direct the research 5) identify the points of career
advancement and shortcomings, 6) decide on the focus and scope
of services and 7) determine the nature and preparation required
by professional and support staff. At the same time, deserves
attention from the nurse educators admission to basic and
graduate programs, since it must ensure that all students admitted
to professional programs are able to properly manage training
content requirements and demonstrate behaviors of excellence
and efficiency. It is necessary, therefore, to emphasize curricular
approaches with nurses to work with instruments, learn to know
and manage conceptual aspects of the profession (although
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 Cuid Rev 2014; 5 (2): 765-73 SUCCESSFUL EXPERIENCES IN NURSING LEADERSHIP

many people still result strangers) and finally interdisciplinary work. promote the exercise of leadership. Therefore, it requires commitment from the academy

Otherwise, the continuity will be promoted and little progress will be has professional training in nursing leadership. In turn, a job set of academic peers with

achieved even in the medium term (14). professionals working in administration or at the institutional level in the direction of

nursing in the clinical area, programs or projects in the health sector, or the management

of health institutions is needed to establish proposals to strengthen the training of future

CONCLUSIONS professionals. Since the curricula of nursing programs would be interesting to strengthen

values ​such as responsibility, commitment, solidarity, ethics, interpersonal relationships,

Participants stated that within the difficulties presented to exercise among others, to motivate students to be leaders and from the courses should be a

leadership at the beginning of work life are fear, ignorance of rights cross-cutting theme for all areas, so that starting from daily events in the classroom is

as an employee, administrative processes and not knowing how aims for encouraging leadership and very important knowledge about the present system

much is nursing work. Then the difficulties are being presented by of health is given, so that the professional future will match the social needs of the

misunderstandings, unsuitable relationships and lack of support country . Finally, recognizing that caring is the essence of nursing leadership values

from colleagues who have the same profession. In turn, in the ​should be oriented in this direction. Thus it is possible to infer that the recognition and

administrative area the same rigidity of the health system often can positioning of nurses in their work, is a fundamental factor for him to be accepted by the

not meet the needs of all people who come to the health and health team as a leader, as well as contributing to the rescue of care as central focus of

perceive a lack of positioning and recognition of the profession leadership Nurse transcends beyond the community to the political and economic social

because it continues with a vision dependence and there is no sphere of a country, and clinical. so that the professional future will match the social

clear view of which is the nurse. needs of the country. Finally, recognizing that caring is the essence of nursing leadership

values ​should be oriented in this direction. Thus it is possible to infer that the recognition

and positioning of nurses in their work, is a fundamental factor for him to be accepted by

the health team as a leader, as well as contributing to the rescue of care as central focus

of leadership Nurse transcends beyond the community to the political and economic

social sphere of a country, and clinical. so that the professional future will match the

social needs of the country. Finally, recognizing that caring is the essence of nursing

leadership values ​should be oriented in this direction. Thus it is possible to infer that the

recognition and positioning of nurses in their work, is a fundamental factor for him to be

accepted by the health team as a leader, as well as contributing to the rescue of care as

central focus of leadership Nurse transcends beyond the community to the political and

Although there are doubts and questions regarding the way in economic social sphere of a country, and clinical.

which the university prepares the leading nurse, there is no doubt

that being a leader is an almost natural process in the nursing
profession and that the form itself and is structured work and Conflict of interests: The author declares no conflict of interest.
training

772
Luz Mery Sanabria Valderrama TAKE CARE magazine

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