UNIT I POWER SYSTEM OVERVIEW

Leaning outcomes for unit 1:

1.0 Introduction

A power system consists of a generating plant, situated close to resources, supplying electric

power to various types of loads spread out over large area, through large complex transmission

and distribution network. Thus power systems compose of: Generation system, Transmission

system, Distribution system and the Loads.

Bulk electric power is produced by special plants known as generating stations or power plants.

Depending upon the form of energy converted into electrical energy, the generating stations

types are as follows: Steam power stations, hydroelectric power stations, Diesel power stations,

and Nuclear power stations. Generated supply will be of 11 kV. To have greater efficiency,

transmission is carried out at high voltages of order 230 kV or 400 kV. Power transformers are

used to setup the voltage levels. Transmission system consists of transformers, transmission

towers and transmission lines. Thereafter, voltage levels are reduced in stages. Distribution

system supplies power to different loads.

The inter-connection among there components in the power systems may be shown in a single

one-line diagram. For analysis circuits of the components are shown in a reactance diagram or

an impedance diagram. Thus power system network is large, complex and very expensive.

Power system analysis deals with analysis problems associated with power network. Power

Flow Analysis, Short Circuit Analysis and Transient Stability Study are the main Power System

Analysis Problems.
 Figure 1.1 Power system network

1.1 Components of power system

Major components in power system that are to be modelled for different system problems are:

1. Alternator

2. Power transformer

3. Transmission lines

4. Substation transformer

5. Distribution transformer

6. Loads