Web servers for the

Internet of Things
SUMMER SCHOOL
 Web server
HTTP
Gadgets
IoT Webserver
Outline Web templates
Web services
Web socket
Questions

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Web server

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What is a web server
Software that implements HTTP/HTTPS
Mainframes
Computers
Gadgets

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Gadgets?!

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What HTTP?
Widely used
Easy to implement
Text based
HTML
◦ Simple and flexible UI
◦ JavaScript runs in almost any browser
◦ Replace displays

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UI
Gadgets prefer HTML UI Gadgets are using less displays
Accessible from the tablet Expensive
Wireless “display” Fixed
Web language Special software

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HTTP

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HTTP

Image from https://www3.ntu.edu.sg/home/ehchua/programming/webprogramming/HTTP_Basics.html

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HTTP
Request Response
◦ Headers ◦ Status
◦ Method ◦ Headers
◦ URL ◦ Data
◦ Query String
◦ Upload body

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Query
http://address[:port]URL?querystring

http://wyliodrin.cs.pub.ro/projects?show=true

Address?
Port?
URL?
querystring?

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Query
http://address[:port]URL?querystring

http://wyliodrin.cs.pub.ro/projects?show=true

Address? wyliodrin.cs.pub.ro
Port? 80
URL? /projects
querystring? show=true

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Methods
GET
◦ Request objects without sending data

POST
◦ Modify objects with data that you are sending

PUT
◦ Create new objects with data that your are sending

DELETE
◦ Delete objects without sending data

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HTTP

Image from https://www3.ntu.edu.sg/home/ehchua/programming/webprogramming/HTTP_Basics.html

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Gadgets

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Webserver for the gadgets

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Web
Web request
◦ Starts a webserver
◦ Sets up static folder
◦ Stores
◦ Html
◦ Javascript
◦ Css

http://address:port/static/index.html

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 Web
Web request
◦ Route
◦ Method
◦ Port
Message
{
payload: query string / upload data
req: request
res: response
next:
}

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Web response
Web response
◦ Input from a web request
◦ Sends the payload
◦ Redirect

http://address:port/ redirects to
http://address:port/static/index.html

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Run the server
Get the IP of the board
◦ Shell
◦ ifconfig

In the same network

http://172.17.0.82:5000/

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IoT Server

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IoT Server
Server with public IP address
A gadget without pin access
Good for web server
◦ Web pages
◦ API

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IoT Server

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Web templates

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Web template
Web template
◦ Loads a templates
◦ Fills it with variables
◦ From value
◦ From payload
◦ Sends it

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Web template
• Values are available
• Payload variables are available

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Web template
Value is refreshed only on a page reload

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Web service

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Web service is API
Expose functions for apps
◦ Mobile Applications
◦ Refresh the value without reloading the page
◦ Use multiple UI

Image from http://blogs.msdn.com/b/martinkearn/archive/2015/01/05/introduction-to-rest-and-net-web-api.aspx

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Web response
Web response
◦ Input from a web request
◦ Sends the payload
◦ Redirect

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Web response
/sensor returns

{
“sensor”: “0”
}

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JQuery API

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Web socket

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Websocket
Allows asynchronous communication with the server
◦ Like a socket
◦ Uses HTTP or HTTPS
◦ Problems with proxies

Socket.IO
◦ Has a solution with HTTP or HTTPS if the websocket is unavailable

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Websocket

Image from https://warmcat.com/libwebsockets/2010/11/01/libwebsockets-html5-websocket-server-library-in-c.html

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Web starter app
Streams
Web starter app
Angular JS

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Angular JS
static/web.html

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Javascript

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Questions?

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