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S-IV
“Buildings or spaces within a building are designed for people and those people are trying to
accomplish a task –whether it’s raising a family , running an office or manufacturing a product.
The building & spaces within needs to keep people comfortable , efficient , healthy and safe as
they set about their task.
After all designing better is not only about avoiding problems but also about creating positively
pleasurable and healthy living and working spaces….”
Chapter-01 E.S.S-IV
Comfort in the built environment is affected by a great number of different factors which can, if
not addressed properly, can lead to discomfort, or can even cause harm and ill health to
occupants.
Chapter-01 E.S.S-IV
Learning of HVAC services allows to focus on ‘Thermal Comfort’ only!
Thermal comfort is rated amongst the most important conditions for improving comfort and satisfaction of occupants
with their indoor environment, based on a review of various studies.
The comfortable human thermal environment is not straight forward and cannot be expressed in degrees. Nor
can it be satisfactorily defined by acceptable temperature ranges. It is a personal experience dependent on a
great number of criteria and can be different from one person to another within the same space.
For example, a person walking up stairs in a cold environment wearing a coat might feel too hot,
while someone sat still in a shirt in the same environment might feel too cold.
The Health and Safety standards suggest that an environment can be said to achieve 'reasonable
comfort' when at least 80% of its occupants are thermally comfortable. This means that thermal comfort
can be assessed by surveying occupants to find out whether they are dissatisfied with their thermal
environment.
Chapter-01 Significance of …..Thermal Comfort.. E.S.S-IV
37°C
Thermal comfort is the condition of mind that expresses satisfaction with the surrounding environment .
The human body can be viewed as a heat engine where food is the input energy. The human body will
generate excess heat into the environment, at different metabolic rates while performing different
functions. The heat transfer is proportional to temperature difference. In cold environments, the body
loses more heat to the environment and in hot environments the body does not exert enough heat.
Chapter-01 Thermal Comfort.. E.S.S-IV
Factors influencing thermal comfort
I am Comfortable …
Maintaining a basic standard of thermal
comfort for occupants of buildings or other
enclosures is one of the important goals of
HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air
conditioning) design engineers.
We all breathe air to live and if it is polluted or carries airborne diseases we can fall ill as a result. Airborne
hazards such as carbon monoxide or longer-term indoor threats like radon release are sometimes a
problem but the toxic fine combustion particles mainly from traffic emissions and some power stations
are the major health risk to the public at large.
Even through various measures and techniques if you have controlled temperature, moisture, and air
velocity but not the AIR QUALITY .. Then all the other measures fail because you will not be comfortable
in a polluted indoor environment thus understanding and controlling common pollutants indoors can help
reduce your risk of indoor health concerns.
Chapter-01 E.S.S-IV
Indoor Air Pollution and Health
It is important to try to improve the indoor air
quality in your home even if symptoms are not
noticeable.
Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) refers to the air quality within and around buildings and structures, especially as
it relates to the health and comfort of building occupants. Understanding and controlling common
pollutants indoors can help reduce your risk of indoor health concerns.
Health effects from indoor air pollutants may be experienced soon after exposure or, possibly, years later.
Immediate Effects
Some health effects may show up shortly after a single exposure or repeated exposures to a pollutant. These
include irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat, headaches, dizziness, and fatigue. Such immediate effects are
usually short-term and treatable.
Long-Term Effects
Other health effects may show up either years after exposure has occurred or only after long or repeated
periods of exposure. These effects, which include some respiratory diseases, heart disease and cancer, can
be severely debilitating or fatal.
Chapter-01 E.S.S-IV
Human Comfort ……