JOANNA BERINA MATA DRUG STUDY

Drug Order Drug Classification and Indications of the Drug Contraindications to the Adverse Effects of the Drug Nursing Responsibilities
Pharmacologic Action or Drug
Mechanism
Metformin Pharmacologic class: Adjunct to diet and  Hypersensitivity to GI: diarrhea, nausea, vomiting,  Monitor blood glucose level closely.
500mg i tab BID Biguanide exercise to drug abdominal  Monitor kidney and liver function tests,
Therapeutic class: improve glycemic control  Acute or chronic Bloating particularly in elderly patients.
Hypoglycemic in type 2 metabolic acidosis  Watch for signs and symptoms of lactic
Increases insulin (non-insulin-dependent) (including diabetic Metabolic: lactic acidosis acidosis. Stop drug if acidosis occurs. To aid
sensitivity by decreasing diabetes ketoacidosis) with or differential diagnosis, check electrolyte,
glucose production and Mellitus without coma Other: unpleasant metallic taste, ketone, glucose, blood pH, lactate, and
absorption  Underlying renal decreased vitamin B12 level metformin blood levels.
in liver and intestines dysfunction  Teach patient about diabetes and
and enhancing  Heart failure importance of proper diet, exercise, weight
glucose uptake and requiring drug control, and blood glucose monitoring.
utilization therapy  Inform patient that drug may cause
diarrhea, nausea, and upset stomach. Advise
him to take it with meals to reduce these
effects, and tell him that adverse effects
often subside over time.
 Teach patient to recognize and immediately
report signs and symptoms of acidosis, such
as weakness, fatigue, muscle pain, dyspnea,
abdominal pain, dizziness, light-headedness,
and slow or irregular heartbeat.
 Advise patient to report changes in health
status (such as infection, persistent vomiting
and diarrhea, or need for surgery). These
may warrant dosage decrease or drug
withdrawal.
 As appropriate, review all other significant
and life-threatening adverse reactions and
interactions, especially those related to the
drugs, tests, herbs, and behaviors
mentioned above.