CADANGAN MEMBINA SATU BLOK BANGUNAN SERBAGUNA 4

TINGKAT DI ATAS LOT PTD 7228 H.S.(D) 8134 (BIL. 1), JALAN ROTAN
AKAR, TAMAN SRI JAYA, MUKIM SIMPANG KANAN, DAERAH BATU
PAHAT, JOHOR DARUL TAKZIM, MALAYSIA.

1.0 Introduction

Our company, Asala Engineering Consulting has been appointed as a consultant

for sewerage system design work by Malaysian Education Ministry. This report is
submitted for the approval of plans from Sewerage Services Department (JPP)
based on the existing STP site location as required by Majlis Perbandaran Batu
Pahat.

2.0 Project background

This proposed construction for a 4 storey office building.

The proposed developments are as follows:

No. Type of development Unit

1. Multipurpose building 1

Sewer pipes from this proposed building connected to existing manhole which
were provided by the developer who have obtained approval of the JPP submitted
by consultant engineer appointed by the developer.

3.0 Calculation of ‘population equivalent’

Calculations of (P.E) based on the latest guidelines by the JPP. The calculations
for (P.E) for this proposed project are as follows:
 Type of Establishment Population Equivalent
Residential 5 per house
Commercial : 3 per 100m2 gross area
Includes offices, shopping complex,
entertainment / recreational centres,
restaurants, cafeteria and theatres
School / Educational Institutions :
- Day schools / Institutions 0.2 per student
- Fully residential 1 per student
- Partial residential 0.2 per non-residential student
1 per residential student
Hospitals 4 per bed
Hotel with dining and laundry facilities 4 per room
Factories, excluding process water 0.3 per staff
Market (Wet Type) 3 per stall
Market (Dry Type) 1 per stall
Petrol kiosks / Service stations 15 per toilet
Bus Terminal 4 per bus bay
Taxi Terminal 4 per taxi bay
Mosque / Church / Temple 0.2 per person
Stadium 0.2 per person
Swimming Pool or Sports Complex 0.5 per person
Public Toilet 15 per toilet
Airport 0.2 per passenger/day
0.3 per employee
Laundry 10 per machine
Prison 1 per person
Golf Course 20 per hole

No Type P.E/Person Person P.E

1 School 0.2 1000 200
Description of proposed domestic sewerage:

1. All flow from the last project manhole channeled to the existing manhole
road ahead before being released directly into the sewage treatment plant.
2. Proposal for pipe reticulation system proposed is "VCP Sewer Pipe" sized
225 mm (9 inches) will drain the sewage via gravity flow with a manhole
is provided at each intersection, change of direction, change of pipe size,
change in slope at a maximum distance of 90 m. All the construction
materials, the minimum depth, slope and sewage discharge based on the
latest design guidelines by the SRC / Malaysian Standard MS 1228.

Design criteria:

1. Self-washing minimum velocity = 0.91 m/s

Maximum velocity allowed = 4.0 m/s

2. Average flow rate = 250 liter/capita/day

3. Type Pipe = Pipe "pipe VCP"

approved
by SRC
= Minimum pipe size 225
mm dia.
(Depth)

4. Sewage Pipes are designed for full flow pipe.

5. Manning formula is used to determine the maximum speed permitted

by the pipe: -

V= (1R^(2/3) S^(1/2))/n

Where, V= velocity of pipe (m / sec)

R= (Area Press)/(Perimeter Press)
 S= slope of pipes (Gradient)
n= roughness coefficient of pipes (0014)

Velocity and Pipe Design Capacity:

For the calculation of the velocity Formula "Manning" is used:

V= (1R^(2/3) S^(1/2))/n

Where;

R = (3.142D^2)/〖4 x 3.142 x (0225) 〗^2

n = 0.009
S = 1/200

Thus the velocity V = [1 (0.14681) (0.0707)]/0.009

V = 1.153429 m/sec

Velocities are in the range allowed (0.91 m / s - 4.0m / s),

Thus, cross section is acceptable

For the calculation of pipe capacity: -

Q = VA --------  (1)
A = (3.142 d2) / 4
A = (3.14) x (0.225) 2/4
A = 0.04 m2
V = 1.15 m / s -------------  from Manning
formula

Q = (0.04) x (1.15) = 0.045867183 m^3 /

Q = 46 liters/sec
Pipeline capacity = 46 liter / s> = peak flow rate capacity of 5.61 liters/s (OK)

Manholes:

Pre-cast concrete shall comply with BS 5911. MS881 and manhole shall be
constructed with pre-cast concrete sections surrounded by in-situ concrete around.
Protecting layer / coating shall be provided to prevent corrosion of the concrete due
to sulfate attack. The wall should be provided with sulphate resistant cement mortar
at least 20 mm thick. Brick manholes cannot be used because of the high risk of
excessive infiltration. Steps or ladders in manholes must be made of stainless steel
to prevent corrosion of sulfide gas.
The cover should be tight and with the bearing surface is machined and
neoprene gasket and built according to the guidelines and in accordance with the
Sewerage Services Department (JPP) standard. The cover should be made of cast
iron with a minimum size of 600mm. Manholes should be in at least 1.2m in depth
from the ground level and is located at the end of the line, at the junction of sewers,
and on changes in grade and alignment except in sewers curve. All manholes should
be at least 90m apart from each other. Gradient of 1: 150-1: 200 should be used to
provide typically give a sufficient flow velocity.
The depth of the manhole shall be provided if the difference between entering
sewers and manhole invert is more than 600mm to comply with the MS 1228: 1991
Cl 1.4.5.7. If the difference between sewers received is less than 600mm, invert
shall be filleted at the corners to prevent solids deposition.