Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Term/word Definition
Appropriateness refers to how well the use of a language fits the social
Appropriacy setting in which it is used. Formal pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar
/appropriateness is suitable for a formal context, whereas informal language is appropriate
for a more relaxed situation.
An attempt is a mistake that learners make when they try to say things they
Attempt
don’t know how to say yet.
Authentic materials are writings that were not designed or created for
language learning purposes; some examples are news reports, magazines,
Authentic materials
blogs, or songs. These texts contain writing that is closer to how the
language is used in everyday life.
Drill is the teaching technique where the teacher asks the students to
Drill
repeat sounds, vocabulary, or structures several times to reinforce learning.
EFL (English as a Foreign EFL (English as a Foreign Language) refers to learners whom are learning
Language) English in an environment where English is not primarily used.
Grammar translation The Grammar Translation Approach emphasizes reading and teaches
approach translation and grammatical structures, usually along with a vocabulary list.
Inert knowledge is information of a language which one can express but not
use. An example of the problem is such that a learner might learn
Inert knowledge problem
vocabulary of a foreign language for an exam but not be able to use in a real
situation.
Information gap An information gap between two or more people is when some people
know more information than others present. For instance, there is an
information gap between teachers and students as the teacher has the
knowledge, language skills, or answers while the students are trying to
close the gap.
Language Chunk refers to several words that are customarily used together
Language chunk
in a fixed expression: e.g. “to make a long story short,” “in my opinion”.
Language skills are the acquired abilities of how the language is used.
Listening, speaking, reading, and writing are considered the 4 core language
Language skills
skills. Speaking and writing are the active and productive skills while reading
and listening are passive and receptive skills.
Learner training are the activities that help learners take responsibility for
Learner training their learning and help them develop and strengthen their language
learning strategies.
Meaning, grammar
See Form, meaning, use
dimension
Peer correction / Self- Peer correction refers to when a classmate or another learner corrects a
correction partner’s language mistakes. Self-correction is when one corrects oneself.
A prompt is a description of the material that test takers will encounter and
Prompt
respond to in the item.
Syllabus A syllabus is a document which outlines the structure of the course and
identifies specific course content, goals, and focus.
TBLT (task based language TBLT is an approach to teaching based on communication and interactive
teaching) tasks. They can provide engagement to acquire grammar.
Usage is the way people actually speak and write. There is a distinction
Usage / use between the function of a linguistic item as an element in a linguistic
system (usage) and its function as part of a system of communication (use).