LEVANTAMIENTO TOPOGRÁFICO CON WINCHA, BRÚJULA Y JALONES

1.-CÁLCULO DE RUMBOS:
RAB = (180°-130°) = S50°E
RBA = (360°-310°) = N50°E
RBC = N80°E
RCB = (250°-180°) = S70°W
RCD = N20°E
RDC = (200°-180°) = S20°W
RED = (180°-130°) = S50°E
REF = (255°-180°) = S75°W
RFE = N75°E
RFA = (190°-180°) = S10°W
RAF = N15°E

2.- CÁLCULO DE LOS ÁNGULOS INTERNOS

En el vértice “A”: 40° + 75° = 115°
En el vértice “B”: 50° + 80° = 130°
En el vértice “C”: 20° + 90° + 20°= 130°
En el vértice “D”: 70° + 45° = 115°
En el vértice “E”: 50° + 75° = 125°
En el vértice “F”: 15° + 90° + 10° = 115°

3.- HALLANDO LA CORRECCIÓN ANGULAR

∑ángulos internos = 180 (n-2)
∑ángulos internos = 180° (6-2) = 720°
∑ángulos internos = 115° + 130° + 130° + 115° + 125° + 115° = 730°
→ compensando: 720° - 730° = -10° → -10°/ 6 = -1°40’

4.- ÁNGULOS INTERNOS CORREGIDOS

En el vértice “A”: 115° - 1°40’ = 113°20’
En el vértice “B”:130° - 1°40’ = 128°20’
En el vértice “C”: 130° - 1°40’ = 128°20’
En el vértice “D”: 125° - 1°40’ = 123°20’
En el vértice “E”: 115° - 1°40’ = 113°20’
En el vértice “F”: 115°- 1°40’ = 113°20’
∑ángulos internos = 113°20’ + 128°20’ + 128°20’ + 123°20’ 113°20’ + 113°20’ = 720°

5.- AJUSTE LINEAL

5.1. Cálculo coordenadas parciales (x,y)

X = Distancia * Sen (Z)

XAB = 3.2m * Sen (130°) = 2.45134m
XBC = 4.35m * Sen (80°) = 4.28391m
XCD = 5m * Sen (20°) = 1.7101m
XDE = 3.37m * Sen (315°) = -2.38295m
XEF = 4.85m * Sen (255°) = -4.68474m
XFA = 4.73m * Sen (190°) = -0.82136m

Y = Distancia * Cos (Z)

YAB = 3.2m * Cos (130°) = -2.05692m
YBC = 4.35m * Cos (80°) = 0.75537m
YCD = 5m * Cos (20°) = 4.69846m
YDE = 3.37m * Cos (315°) = 2.38295m
YEF = 4.85m * Cos (255°) = -1.25527m
YFA = 4.73m * Cos (190°) = -4.65814m
→ Error en longitud (∆X):
(∆X) = ∑X = 2.45134m + 4.28391m + 1.7101m + (-2.38295m) + (-4.68474m) +
(-0.82136m) = 0.5563m
→ Error en latitud (∆Y):
(∆Y) = ∑Y = -2.05692m + 0.75537m + 4.69846m + 2.38295m + (-1.25527m) +
(-4.65814m) = -0.13355
5.2. Compensación lineal (CO)
5.2.1. Compensación en longitud (COX)
∆X
COX = − .𝑑
DT
∆X= 0.5563m
DT= 25.5m
d= Distancia parcial
COXAB= - (0.5563m/25.5m) * 3.2m = -0.06981m
COXBC= - (0.5563m/25.5m) * 4.35m = -0.09490m
COXCD= - (0.5563m/25.5m) * 5m = -0.10908m
COXDE= - (0.5563m/25.5m) * 3.37m = -0.07352m
COXEF= - (0.5563m/25.5m) * 4.85m = -0.10581m
COXFA= - (0.5563m/25.5m) * 4.73m = -0.10319m

5.2.2. Compensación en latitud (COY)

∆Y
COY = − .𝑑
DT
∆Y= -0.13355m
DT= 25.5m
d= Distancia parcial
COYAB= - (-0.13355m/25.5m) * 3.2m = 0.01676m
COYBC= - (-0.13355m/25.5m) * 4.35m = 0.02278m
COYCD= - (-0.13355m/25.5m) * 5m = 0.02619m
COYDE= - (-0.13355m/25.5m) * 3.37m = 0.01765m
COYEF= - (-0.13355m/25.5m) * 4.85m = 0.02540m
COYFA= - (-0.13355m/25.5m) * 4.73m = 0.02477m

6.- COORDENADAS PARCIALES CORREGIDAS (x’, y’)

X’ = X + COX
X’AB = 2.45134m + (-0.06981m) = 2.38153m
X’BC = 4.28391m + (0.0949m) = 4.37881m
X’CD = 1.7101m + (-0.10908m) = 1.60102m
X’DE = -2.38295m + (-0.07352m) = -2.45647m
X’EF = -4.68474m + (-0.10581m) = -4.79055m
X’FA = -0.82136m + (0.10139m) = -0.71997m
 Y’ = Y + COY
Y’AB = -2.05692m + 0.1676m = -1.88932m
Y’BC = 0.75537m + 0.02278m = 0.77815m
Y’CD = 4.69846m + 0.02619m = 4.72465m
Y’DE = 2.38295m + 0.01765m = 2.4006m
Y’EF = -1.25527m + 0.02540m = -1.22987m
Y’FA = -4.65814m + 0.02477m = -4.63337m

7.- COORDENADAS TOTALES

7.1. Valor Este (E)
EA= 2000
EB= EA + X’AB = 2000 + 2.38153 = 2002.38153
EC= EB+ X’BC = 2002.38153 + 4.37881 = 2006.76034
ED= EC + X’CD = 2006.76034 + 1.60102 = 2008.36136
EE = ED’ + X’DE = 2008.36136 + (-2.45647) = 2005.90489
EF = EE’ +X’EF = 2005.90489 + (-4.79055) = 2001.11434
→ comprobando:
EA= EF + X’FA= 2001.11434 + (-0.71997) = 2000.39437
7.2. Valor Norte (N)
NA= 3000
NB= NA + Y’AB = 3000 + (-1.88932) = 2998.11068
NC = NB + Y’BC = 2998.11068 + 0.77815 = 2998.88883
ND = NC + Y’CD = 2998.88883 + 4.72465 = 3003.61348
NE = ND + Y’DE = 3003.61348 + 2.4006 = 3006.01408
NF = NE + Y’EF = 3006.01408 + (-1.22987) = 3004.78421
→ comprobando:
NA= NF + Y’FA= 3004.78421 + (-4.63337) = 3000.15084