Subject Code: H8701/R13

M. Tech –II Semester Regular/ Supply Examinations, October, 2015

FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
(Common to SE &SD, SM&FE, GE)
Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 60
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry EQUAL marks
****
1 a Explain about different weighted residual methods. 4
b Taking a differential equation , explain the process of weak formulation. 8
2 a A simply supported beam is subjected to uniformly distributed load over entire span.
Determine the bending moment and deflection at the mid span using Rayleigh –Ritz
method and compare with exact solution. Use a two term trial function
y=a1sin(πx/l)+a2sin(3πx/l). 8
b Explain the applications of FEM. 4
3 a Derive the shape functions of two node and three node bar elements. 5
b For the three-bar assemblage shown in Figure , determine
(i) The global stiffness matrix,
(ii) The displacements of nodes 2 and 3, and
(iii) The reactions at nodes 1 and 4.
(iv) Stress in each element. A force of 3000 lb is applied in the x direction at node 2.
The length of each element is 30 in. Let E = 30 X 106 psi and A = 1 in2 for
elements 1 and 2, and let E =15 X 106 psi and A = 2 in2 for element 3. Nodes
1 and 4 are fixed.

7
4 a For the plane trusses with inclined supports shown in Figure, solve
for the nodal displacements and element stresses in the elements. Let A = 2 in2,
E = 30 106 psi, and L = 30 in. for each truss.

8
b Explain the properties of stiffness matrix

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5 a Derive the stiffness matrix for a beam element. 2

b Derive the load vector for UDL and point load at the center for a beam element. 6
c Explain how thermal loads are considered in finite element analysis? 4
6 a Solve the frame shown in Figure. The frame consists of the three elements
shown and is subjected to a 15-kip horizontal load applied at midlength of element 1.
Nodes 1, 2, and 3 are fixed, and the dimensions are shown in the figure. Let E = 30 X 106
psi, I =800 in4, and A = 8 in2 for all elements.

7
b What is meant by an Isoparametric element? 5
7 a Explain the concept of plane stress and plane strain with examples. 6
b Derive the strain displacement matrix and equation for element stiffness for a LST
element. 6
8 a Derive and plot the shape functions of quadratic plane element. 4
b What is numerical integration? Taking a simple example and evaluate the intigral value
by gauss quadrature method considering one gauss point and two gauss points. Compare
these results with the exact result 4
c How error is evaluated in finite element analysis? 4
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Subject Code: H8702/R13
M. Tech –II Semester Regular/ Supply Examinations, October, 2015
EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT DESIGN
(Common to SE and SD)
Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 60
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry EQUAL marks
*****
1. a) Explain Reid’s elastic rebound theory
b) Explain faults in Earth crust and movement of different plate boundaries and
occurrence of earthquake with neat diagrams

2. a) Define Intensity of earthquake. What is the basis of establishing the intensity of

Earthquake?
b) Classify different intensities of earthquake based on 1) MMI Scale ii) MSK Scale

3. Calculate Design Lateral Force at each floor in each mode of vibration by carrying out
dynamic analysis using Maximum Absolute Response method
6t

K=3 K=3
8t

K=4 K=4
8t

K=5 K=5

4. The following details are available for a multistory moment resisting building.
Compute the lateral forces developed at various levels using I.S. code 1893-2002.
Number of stories = 8, Constant β = 1.2. Basic horizontal seismic coefficient αo =
0.055. Importance factor I = 1.0. Performance factor K = 1.0. Load at each ith
floor Wi = 600 KN. Height of each ith floor Hi = 3.50 m

5. Explain the base isolation and describe the design principle of base isolation of
structures.

6. a) Discuss various types of damages in structural elements in RC Buildings subjected

to earthquake forces.
b) Explain detailing of RCC structural elements with reinforcement arrangement as
per IS Code to incorporate ductile design

7. a) Explain concept of Strong Column and weak beams

b) Explain procedure for design of shear wall and ductile detailing

8. Explain the following:

a) Indian Seismicity
b) Types of Floor diaphragms
c) Mass and Stiffness Irregularities
*****
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 Subject Code: H8703/R13
M. Tech –II Semester Regular/ Supply Examinations, October, 2015
STABILITY OF STRUCTURES
(Structural Engineering)
Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 60
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry EQUAL marks
****
1. A built up beam shown in figure is simply supported at ends, compute its length given
that when it is subjected to a load of 50kN/m length, it deflects by 6mm. Find out the safe
load if the beam is used as a column with both ends fixed. Assume factor of safety of 5.
Use Euler’s formula. E = 2.0 × 105 N/mm2

10mm 750mm

20mm

300mm

2. a) Starting from fundamentals derive expressions for crippling load of a column with on
end fixed and one end hinged.
b) Discuss the change in Pcr value with change in cross section

3. a) Enumerate beam column action? List out a few examples that are subjected to beam
column action
b) Derive the differential equation that governs beam columns subjected to point load.

4. a) Explain Modes of buckling of portal frames

b) Determine the limiting values for the symmetric and side sway buckling loads for the
given frame.
15KN 15KN

8m 7.5m

I I

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5. a) Explain ‘Inelastic buckling’ and its importance

b) Derive expression for Reduced Modulus of I Section.

6. a) Explain ‘Lateral buckling’ in beams and performance of the beam subjected to

lateral buckling.
b) Explain the main difference between torsional and flexural buckling with
appropriate examples.

7. a) Explain Galarkins method for solution of buckling problem

b) Using appropriate mathematical technique derives expression for approximate
buckling load for a column fixed at one end and hinged at the other end.

8. Explain the following

a) Column subjected to distributed axial load
b) Application of trigonometric series
c) Buckling in frames with different beam rigidity
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 Subject Code: H8704/R13
M. Tech –II Semester Regular/ Supply Examinations, October, 2015
THEORY OF PLATES AND SHELLS
(Common to SE and SD,)
Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 60
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry EQUAL marks
****
1. Derive the differential equation governing the plate. Sate various assumptions involved
in the derivation.

2. a) Using the Navier solution obtain general equation for a rectangular plate subjected to
hydrostatic pressure
b) Obtain the modified equation in case of a plate subjected to in plane forces.

3. Derive expressions for deflection, shear force and bending moment for a circular plate
with simply supported boundary conditions subjected to uniformly distributed loading.

4. a) How do you classify shells into long and short shells as per various theories
b) Write boundary conditions for simply supported cylindrical shells with the edge
conditions or the end shells in a multiple group of shells.

5. a) Derive the equations of equilibrium of membrane theory for cylindrical shells

b) A simply supported circular cylindrical shell with free longitudinal edges is
spanning 22m and radius of 10m and semicircular angle of 35 degrees. The edge
beam has width of 300mm and depth of 1500mm. Determine stress resultants for
NX N0 Nx0 under self weight using membrane theory. If there is an edge beam what
is the maximum longitudinal force developed in the edge beam.

6. a) Derive Shorer’s differential equation

b) Give solutions to Shorer’s differential equations

7. a) How do you classify shells into long and short shells as per various theories
b) Write boundary conditions for simply supported cylindrical shells with the edge
conditions. i) Single shell without edge beam
ii) single shell with edge beam

8. Explain
a) Annular Plates
b) Levy’s Solution of Plates
c) Analysis of Conical Shells
****

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Subject Code: H8705/R13
M. Tech –II Semester Regular/ Supply Examinations, October, 2015
PRE- STRESSED CONCRETE
(Common to SE and SD)
Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 60
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry EQUAL marks
****
(Note: Use IS456, IS1343 Codes)
1. a) What is the necessity of using high strength concrete and high tensile steel in prestressed
concrete?
b) What are the factors influencing the creep and shrinkage of concrete?
c) For what types of structures do you recommend post-tensioning?

2. a) Briefly explain the relation between tendon profiles and equivalent loads in prestressed
concrete beams with sketches.
b) A Prestressed concrete beam of rectangular cross section 300mm by 600mm is 10 m
long supports a live load 15 kN/m in addition to its own self weight. The beam is
prestressed by a cable having high-tensile wires of 2000 mm2 area stressed to 1000
N/mm2. The cable is straight and located at a distance of 175 mm from the soffit of the
beam. Determine the shift in the pressure line at one quarter span and centre of span,
when the beam supports the service load.

3. a) What is anchorage slip? How do you compute the loss of stress due to anchorage slip ?
b) A prestressed concrete girder is post-tensioned using a cable concentric at supports and
having an eccentricity of 400 mm at centre of span. The effective span of the girder is 20
m. The initial force in the cable is 400 kN at the jacking end A. Determine the loss of
force in the cable due to friction and wave effect and the effective force in the cable at
the farther end B. Assume coefficient of friction = 0.30 and coefficient for wave
effect K= 0.0043/m.

4. a) What is ‘Effective reinforcement Ratio’? In what way will it influence the stress in
tendons and the neutral axis depth at the limit state of collapse of Prestressed concrete
sections?
b) A double T-section having a flange 1200 mm wide and 150 mm thick is prestressed by
5000 mm2 of high – tensile steel located at an effective depth of 1600mm. The ribs
have a thickness of 150 mm each. If the cube strength of concrete is 45 N/mm2 and
tensile strength of steel is 1650 N/mm2, determine the flexural strength of double T-
girder using IS: 1343 provisions.
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5. a) Explain the various modes of failure encountered in prestressed concrete beams

subjected to bending moment, shear and torsion.
b) A concrete beam of rectangular section, 300 mm wide and 800 mm deep is subjected to
a twisting moment of 40 kN m and a prestressing force of 150 kN acting at an
eccentricity of 220 mm. Calculate the maximum principal tensile stress. If the beam is
subjected to a bending moment of 120 kN m in addition to the twisting moment,
calculate the maximum principle tensile stress.

6. A prestressed beam of rectangular section, 100 mm wide and 200 mm deep, has a straight
duct 25 mm by 40 mm with its centre located at 50 mm from the soffit of the beam which
is prestressed by 12 wires of 7 mm diameter stressed to 800 N/mm2. The beam supports an
imposed load of 5 kN/m over a span of 8 m. The modulus of elasticity of concrete is 40
kN/mm2. Estimate the central deflection of the beam under the action of prestress, self-
weight and live load.
a) based on net section (beam ungrouted); and
b) based on transformed section (beam grouted).

7. The end block of a prestressed beam 500 mm wide and 1050 mm deep contains 6
Freyssinet cables, each carrying a force of 300 kN anchored through 100 mm diameter
anchorages, which are spaced 150 mm apart at the end of the beam. Calculate the
maximum tensile stress and the bursting tension and design the reinforcement for the end
block using Rowe’s method. Adopt yield stress in mild steel reinforcement as 250 N/mm2.

8. a) What are the advantages of using composite construction with prestressed and in situ
concrete in structural members?
b) Briefly outline the method of computing the ultimate flexural and shear strength of
composite sections.
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Subject Code: H8710/R13
M. Tech –II Semester Regular/Supply Examinations, October, 2015
EARTH RETAINING STRUCTURES
(Common to SE&SD, SM&FE, GTE)
Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 60
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry EQUAL marks
****
1. An underground retaining wall has to be constructed for a railway passage at 20m
below the ground level. Find the active pressure distribution for the side wall (whose
height is 7m) of underground structure. The details of the soil layers are given in
Table 1.

Layer No Unit wt (kN/m3) Angle of internal friction Thickness of

(deg) layer (m)

I 17.3 35.8 1

II 17.3 35.8 3.5

III 17.5 30 3.5

IV 17.5 30 4.5

V 17.3 35.8 4.5

VI 17.5 30 3

VII 17.5 30 7

2. a. Describe different types of retaining walls with neat sketch.

b. A masonry retaining wall of trapezoidal section of 10m height has top width of 1.5m,
bottom width of 6.5m. The earth face of the retaining wall has a batter of 1 in 10.
Check the stability of the masonry wall for sliding and overturning moment. Assume
soil surface is horizontal at the top of the masonry wall. Unit weight of the soil is
18kN/m3. The angle of repose of the soil is 30o. Factor of safety against sliding is 0.6.

3. a What are different types of sheet pile walls?

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Subject Code: H8710/R13
3. b. Find the depth of penetration of the cantilever sheet pile wall for the following data.
Use Mayniel’s active earth pressure coefficients
For δ’ = 10o. , φ = 20o Ka = 0.44

For δ’ = 20o. , φ = 40o Ka = 0.20

Use Cauot and Kerisel’s coefficients for passive pressure

For δ’ = φ’. φ’ = 40o Kp = 17.5

For δ’ = 26.7o (0.66φ’). Kp = 0.75*17.5

Soil Type Bulk Density (kN/m3) C’ (kN/m2) Φ’ (degrees)

1 15 0 20
2 20 0 40

4. Describe the stability checking of sheet pile wall using fixed and free earth support
methods

5. a. Write short notes on coffer dams and different types of coffer dams including merits
and demerits
b. Describe components of cellular cofferdams

6. Design a cellular cofferdam diaphragm type with the following data.

The depth of the water medium is 9m. The depth of the soil strata below water is 6m.
The free board of cofferdam is 1.0m. The submerged unit weight of soil strata outside
the cell is 11.1kN/m3, angle of internal friction is 30o. Friction coefficient fill on rock
is 0.57. Interlock friction is 0.3, Interlock tension allowed is 1450kg/cm, Frictional
coefficient of steel on fill is 0.4. Allowable steel tensile stress is 1500kg/cm2.
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Subject Code: H8710/R13

7. Find the factor of safety against heave for the braced cut shown in figure with the
following data.

Width of braced cut = 4m.

Depth of the braced cut = 6m
Length of the braced cut = 15m
Thickness of heave = 2m
Unit weight of soil = 17kN/m3
Cohesion c = 40kN/m2
Uniform surcharge adjacent to the excavation, q= 0

8. Describe the necessity of reinforced earth. Write different components of .reinforced

earth, their functions.
How do we assess strength characteristics of reinforced soil. Explain laboratory tests.
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