16 TENSES

Present Tense PastTense Future Tense Past Future Tense

Simple Present Tense : Simple Past Tense : Simple Future Tense : Use for planing Past Future Tense:
a. Nominal simple present : Rumus Rumus Rumus
tobe-1 (am-are-is) Positif (+) Positif (+) Positif (+)
Example: She is a Teacher - Subject + to be (was/were) + complement Subject + will/shall + verb I + object Subject + should/would + be + object
She is not a teacher - Subject + verb 2 + object Subject + am/is/are + going to + verb I + object Subject + should/would + verb I + object
Negatif (-)
Is she a teacher ? Negatif (-) Negatif (-)
Subject + should/would + not + be + object
b. Verbal simple present : - Subject + to be (was/were) + not + complement Subject + will/shall + verb I + object Subject + should/would + not + verb + object
not tobe but have verb - Subject + did not + verb 1 + object Subject + am/is/are + not + going to + verb I + Tanya (?)
Example: I work Tanya (?) object Should/would + subject + be + object ?
I do not work - Did + subject + verb 1 + object ? Tanya (?) Should/would + subject + verb I + object ?
Do I work ? Contoh Simple Past tense: Will/shall + subject + verb I + object Contoh – simple past future tense :
She,He and It verb-1 + s, so verb He was a businessman in 1999 (+) Am/is/are + subject + going to + verb I + object He should be in Banten next month (+)
that have hissing sound (x,ch,s and - dia adalah seorang pebisnis pada tahun 1999 Contoh – Simple Future tense : - dia akan telah berada di Banten bulan depan
sh) we use the last es (mixes, I sell these motorcycles in Surabaya(+) We will go to school soon (+) He should not be in Banten next month (-)
teaches, kisses and washes). - saya menjual sepeda motor ini di Surabaya - kita akan pergi ke sekolah segera - dia tidak akan telah berada di Banten bulan
The use simple present tense : She did not visit me yesterday (-) We will not go to school soon (-) depan
Should he be in Banten next month ? (?)
1. Expressing facts - dia tidak mengunjungiku kemarin - kita tidak akan pergi ke sekolah segera
- apakah dia akan telah berada di Banten bulan
2. expressing habits My parents were not home yesterday(-) Will we go to school soon ? (?) depan ?
- orang tua ku tidak ada di rumah kemarin - apakah kita akan pergi ke sekolah segera I should be pick up when you arrive at the
Adverbs of Frequency Did you play football yesterday ? (?) The students are going to have a test next month station tomorrow (+)
always selalu - Apakah kamu bermain sepakbola kemarin ? (+) - saya akan sedang sudah menjemput ketika
usually biasanya - para siswa akan menghadapi ujian bulan depan kamu tiba di stasiun besok
often seringkali The students are not going to have a test next (-) I should not be pick up when you arrive at the
sometimes kadang2 - para siswa tidak akan menghadapi ujian bulan station tomorrow (-)
seldom jarang depan - saya tidak akan sedang sudah menjemput
never tidak pernah Are the students going to have a test next month ? ketika kamu tiba di stasiun besok
should you be pick up when I arrive at the
ever pernah (?)
station tomorrow ? (?)
- Apakah para siswa akan menghadapi ujian bulan - apakah kamu akan sedang sudah menjemput
depan ? ketika saya tiba di stasiun besok ?
Present continuous Tense : Past continuous Tense :
used for activity now Rumus
Rumus Present Continuous Positif (+)
Tense : Subject + to be (was/were) + verb-ing + object
Negatif (-)
Positif (+):
Subject + was/were + not + verb-ing + object
subject + to be (am, is, are) + Tanya (?)
Verb – ing + object - was/were + subject + verb-ing + object ?
Negatif (-) : Contoh - Past Continuous tense :
subject + to be + not + verb – ing He was sleeping when I came (+)
+ object - Dia sedang tidur ketika saya datang
interogative?) : He was not sleeping when I came (-)
to be + subject + verb – ing + - Dia tidak sedang tidur ketika saya datang
object Was he sleeping when I came ?
Example : - apakah dia sedang tidur ketika saya datang ?
I am watching TV now (+) I was working all night yesterday(+)
- saya sedang bekerja sepanjang malam kemarin
Mr. Khanafi is not going to
I was not working all night yesterday (-)
Jakarta (-) - Saya tidak sedang bekerja sepanjang malam
Is Mrs. Annisa cooking in the kemarin
kitchen ? (?) were you working all night yesterday ?
- Apakah kamu sedang bekerja sepanjang malam
kemarin ?
Present Perfect Tense : used for Past Perfect Tense:
past activity until now.(pointed to Rumus Past Perfect Tense :
output) Positif (+)
Rumus : Subject + had + verb III + (past participle) +
Positif (+) object
Subject + has / have + been + object Negatif (-)
Subject + has / have + verb III + Subject + had + not + verb III + object
object Tanya (?)
Negatif (-) Had + subject + verb III + object ?
Future continuous Tense :
Rumus
Positif (+)
Subject + will/shall + be + verb-ing + object
Negatif (-)
Subject + will/shall + not + verb-ing + object
Tanya (?)
Will/shall + subject + be + verb-ing + object
Contoh – Future Continuous tense :
I will be watching a movie tonight (+)
- saya akan sedang menonton film nanti
malam
I will not be watching a movie tonight (-)
- saya tidak akan sedang menonton film nanti
malam
Will you be watching a movie tonight ? (?)
- Apakah kamu akan sedang menonton film
nanti malam ?
Future Perfect Tense :
Rumus
Positif (+)
Subject + shall/will + have + been + complement
Subject + shall/will + have + verb III + object
Negatif (-)
Subject + shall/will + not + been + complement
Subject + shall/will + not + have + verb III +
object
Past Future Continuous Tense :
Rumus
Positif (+)
Subject + should/would + be + verb-ing +
object
Negatif (-)
Subject + should/would + not + be + verb-
ing + object
Tanya (?)
Should/would + subject + be + verb-ing +
object ?
Contoh – Past Future Continuous tense :
My brother would be finishing Thesis last
week (+)
- Kakakku akan telah sedang menyelesaikan
tesis minggu lalu
My brother would not be finishing Thesis
last week (-)
- Kakakku tidak akan telah sedang
menyelesaikan tesis minggu lalu
Would your brother be finishing Thesis last
week? (?)
- apakah kakakmu akan telah sedang
menyelesaikan tesis minggu lalu ?
Past Future Perfect Tense :
Rumus
Positif (+)
Subject + should/would + have + been +
complement
Subject + should/would + have + verb III +
object
Negatif (-)
Subject + should/would + not + have + been
Subject + has / have + not + been + Contoh - Past Perfect tense :
object They had been here before 1945 (+)
Subject +has / have + not + verb III - mereka telah berada disini sebelum tahun 1945
+ object They had not been here before 1945 (-)
Tanya (?) - mereka belum berada disini sebelum tahun 1945
Have / has + Subject + verb III + Had they been here before 1945 ? (?)
object - apakah mereka telah berada disini sebelum
Have / has + subject + been + 1945 ?
object She had gone to Amsterdam when I called her (+)
Contoh : - dia telah pergi ke Amsterdam ketika aku
I have been at home for a month (+) meneleponnya
Mr. Handoko has not eaten the sate She had not gone to Amsterdam when I called her
already (-) (-)
Has Mr. Imam been here since - dia belum pergi ke Amsterdam ketika aku
06.00 ? (?) meneleponnya
Had she gone to Amsterdam when you called
her ?
- apakah dia telah pergi ke Amsterdam ketika
kamu meneleponnya ?
Keterangan waktu (Adverb of time) yang umum
digunakan dalam past Perfect tense ini : after, before,
already, as soon as, just, yet, until, till, by the time
that.
Tanya (?)
Shall/will + subject + been + complement
Shall/will + subject + have + verb III + object ?
Contoh – Future perfect tense :
I will have been in this hospital until tomorrow
morning (+)
- saya akan telah berada di rumah sakit ini sampai
besok pagi
I will not have been in this hospital until
tomorrow morning (-)
- saya tidak akan telah berada di rumah sakit ini
sampai besok pagi
Will you have been in this hospital until tomorrow
morning ? (?)
- apakah kamu akan telah berada disini sampai
besok pagi ?
Majid will have rented my house next month (+)
- Majid akan telah menyewa rumahku bulan
depan
Majid will not have rented my house next month
(-)
- Majid tidak akan telah menyewa rumahku bulan
depan
Will Majid have rented my house next month ? (?)
- apakah Majid akan telah menyewa rumahku
bulan depan ?
+ complement
Subject + should/would + not + have + verb
III + object
Tanya (?)
Should/would + subject + have + been +
complement ?
Should/would + subject + have + verb III +
object ?
Contoh – Past Future Perfect tense :
My mother should have been here at nine
o’clock tomorrow (+)
- Ibu saya akan sudah berada disini jam 9
besok
My mother should not have been here at
nine o’clock tomorrow (-)
- Ibu saya tidak akan sudah berada disini
jam 9 besok
Should your mother have been here at nine
o’clock tomorrow ? (?)
- Apakah ibu kamu akan sudah berada disini
jam 9 besok ?
Mar’i would have worked in leading
companies next month (+)
- Mar’I akan sudah bekerja di perusahaan
ternama bulan depan
Mar’i will not have worked in leading
companies next month (-)
- Mar’I tidak akan sudah bekerja di
perusahaan ternama bulan depan
Will Mar’i have worked in leading
companies next month ? (?)
- Apakah Mar’I akan sudah bekerja di
perusahaan ternama bulan depan ?
Present Perfect continuous Past Perfect continuous Tense : Future Perfect continuous Tense: Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense :
Tense : used for past activity until Rumus Rumus Rumus
now. Adverb of time that used “for” Positif (+) Positif (+) Positif (+)
and “since”. Subject + had + been + verb-ing + object Subject + shall/will + have + been + verb-ing + Subject + should/would + have + been +
Rumus : Negatif (-) object verb-ing + object
Positif (+) Subject + had + not + been + verb-ing + object Negatif (-) Negatif (-)
Subject + has / have + been + verb- Tanya (?) Subject + shall/will + not + have + been + verb- Subject + should/would + not + have + been
ing Had + subject + been + object ? ing + object + verb-ing + object
Negatif (-) Contoh Past Perfect Continuous tense : Tanya (?) Tanya (?)
Subject + has / have + not + been + He had been living in Jakarta about ten years (+) Shall/will + subject + have + been + verb-ing + Should/would + subject + have + been +
verb-ing - Dia telah tinggal di Jakarta sekitar 10 tahun object ? verb-ing + object ?
Interogative (?) He had not been living in Jakarta about ten years Contoh – Future Perfect Continuous tense : Contoh – Past Future Perfect Continuous
Has/have + subject + been + verb- (-) My grandmother will have been visiting us tense :
ing ? - dia belum tinggal di Jakarta sekitar 10 tahun tomorrow morning (+) I would have working in leading companies
Contoh : Had He been living in Jakarta about ten years ? (?) - nenek saya akan telah sedang mengunjungi kami for 10 years (+)
I have been watching TV for two - apakah dia telah tinggal di Jakarta selamat 10 besok pagi - Aku akan sudah sedang bekerja di
hours (+) tahun ? My grandmother will not have been visiting us perusahaan ternama selama 10 tahun
He has been playing football since Perbedaan antara Present Perfect Continuous and tomorrow morning (-) I would not have working in leading
elementary school(+) Past Perfect Continuous adalah : - nenek saya tidak akan telah sedang mengunjungi companies for 10 years (-)
Marina has not been learning Present Perfect Continuous mengungkapkan kami besok pagi - Aku tidak akan sudah sedang bekerja di
english for two years (-) tindakan yang terus berlanjut sampai sekarang Will your grandmother have been visiting you perusahaan ternama selama 10 tahun
Have you been reading a book for sedangkan Past Perfect Continuous tidak. tomorrow morning? (?) Would you have working in leading
an hour ? (?) - apakah nenek kamu akan telah sedang companies for 10 years ? (?)
mengunjungi kamu besok pagi ? - apakah kamu akan sudah sedang bekerja di
perusahaan ternama selama 10 tahun ?

Niat Zakat Fitrah untuk Diri Sendiri

َ‫ﺿﺎَ ﻟﻟﻟ ﺗﻟﻟﻌﺎَﻟﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺖ ﺍﻟﺮﻥ ﺍﺍﺮﺧﻟﺮﻟﺝ ﻟﺯﻟﻛﺎَﺓﻟ ﺍﺮﻟﻔﻟ ﺮ‬
‫ﻄﻟﺮ ﻟﻋﺮﻦ ﻧﻟﺮﻔﻟﺴﺮﻰَ ﻓﻟﺮﺮ ﺿ‬ ‫ﻧﻟﻟﻮﺮﻳ ﺍ‬

“Aku niat mengeluarkan zakat fitrah untuk diriku sendiri, fardu karena Allah Ta‘âlâ.”
Niat Zakat Fitrah untuk Istri
َ‫ﺿﺎَ ﻟﻟﻟ ﺗﻟﻟﻌﺎَﻟﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺖ ﺃﻟﺮﻥ ﺃﺍﺮﺧﻟﺮﻟﺝ ﻟﺯﻟﻛﺎَﺓﻟ ﺍﺮﻟﻔﻟ ﺮ‬
‫ﻄﻟﺮ ﻟﻋﺮﻦ ﻟﺯﺮﻭﻟﺟﺘﻟﺮﻲ ﻓﻟﺮﺮ ﺿ‬ ‫ﻧﻟﻟﻮﺮﻳ ﺍ‬

“Aku niat mengeluarkan zakat fitrah untuk istriku, fardu karena Allah Ta‘âlâ.”
Niat Zakat Fitrah untuk Anak Laki-laki
َ‫ﺿﺎَ ﻟﻟﻟ ﺗﻟﻟﻌﺎَﻟﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺖ ﺃﻟﺮﻥ ﺃﺍﺮﺧﻟﺮﻟﺝ ﻟﺯﻟﻛﺎَﺓﻟ ﺍﺮﻟﻔﻟ ﺮ‬
‫ﻄﻟﺮ ﻟﻋﺮﻦ ﻟﻭﻟﻟﻟﺪ ﺮ‬
‫ ﻓﻟﺮﺮ ﺿ‬... ‫ﻱ‬ ‫ﻧﻟﻟﻮﺮﻳ ﺍ‬

“Aku niat mengeluarkan zakat fitrah untuk anak laki-lakiku…. (sebutkan nama), fardu karena Allah Ta‘âlâ.”
Niat Zakat Fitrah untuk Anak Perempuan
َ‫ﺿﺎَ ﻟﻟﻟ ﺗﻟﻟﻌﺎَﻟﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺖ ﺃﻟﺮﻥ ﺃﺍﺮﺧﻟﺮﻟﺝ ﻟﺯﻟﻛﺎَﺓﻟ ﺍﺮﻟﻔﻟ ﺮ‬
‫ ﻓﻟﺮﺮ ﺿ‬... ‫ﻄﻟﺮ ﻟﻋﺮﻦ ﺑﻟﺮﻨﺘﻟﺮﻲ‬ ‫ﻧﻟﻟﻮﺮﻳ ﺍ‬

“Aku niat mengeluarkan zakat fitrah untuk anak perempuanku…. (sebutkan nama), fardu karena Allah Ta‘âlâ.”
Niat Zakat Fitrah untuk Diri Sendiri dan Keluarga
َ‫ﺿﺎَ ﻟﻟﻟ ﺗﻟﻟﻌﺎَﻟﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺖ ﺃﻟﺮﻥ ﺃﺍﺮﺧﻟﺮﻟﺝ ﻟﺯﻟﻛﺎَﺓﻟ ﺍﺮﻟﻔﻟ ﺮ‬
‫ﻄﻟﺮ ﻟﻋﻨﻨﺮﻰَ ﻟﻭﻟﻋﺮﻦ ﻟﺟﻟﻤﺮﻴﻟﻊ ﻟﻣﺎَ ﻳﻟﺮﻠﻟﺰﺍﻣﻨﻟﺮﻰَ ﻧﻟﻔﻟﻟﻘﺎَﺗﺍﻬﺍﺮﻢ ﻟﺷﺮﺮﺿﻋﺎَ ﻓﻟﺮﺮ ﺿ‬ ‫ﻧﻟﻟﻮﺮﻳ ﺍ‬

“Aku niat mengeluarkan zakat fitrah untuk diriku dan seluruh orang yang nafkahnya menjadi tanggunganku, fardu karena Allah Ta‘âlâ.”
Niat Zakat Fitrah untuk Orang yang Diwakilkan
َ‫ﺿﺎَ ﻟﻟﻟ ﺗﻟﻟﻌﺎَﻟﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺖ ﺃﻟﺮﻥ ﺃﺍﺮﺧﻟﺮﻟﺝ ﻟﺯﻟﻛﺎَﺓﻟ ﺍﺮﻟﻔﻟ ﺮ‬
‫…( ﻓﻟﺮﺮ ﺿ‬..) ‫ﻄﻟﺮ ﻟﻋﺮﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻮﺮﻳ ﺍ‬

“Aku niat mengeluarkan zakat fitrah untuk… (sebutkan nama spesifik), fardu karena Allah Ta‘âlâ.”
Saat menerima zakat fitrah, seorang penerima disunnahkan mendoakan pemberi zakat dengan doa-doa yang baik.
Doa bisa dilafalkan dengan bahasa apa pun.
Di antara contoh doa tersebut adalah seperti di bawah ini:
‫ﻚ ﻟ‬
‫ﻃﻬﺍﺮﻮﺿﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺖ ﻟﻭﻟﺟﻟﻌﻠﻟﻪﺍ ﻟﻟ ﻟ‬
‫ﻙ ﻓﻟﺮﻴﻟﻤﺎَ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻘﻟﺮﻴ ﻟ‬ ‫ﺁﻟﺟﻟﺮﻙ ﺍﺍ ﻓﻟﺮﻴﻟﻤﺎَ ﺍﻟﺮﻋ ﻟ‬
‫ﻄﺮﻴ ﻟ‬
‫َ ﻟﻭﻟﺑﺎَﻟﺭ ﻟ‬،‫ﺖ‬
“Semoga Allah memberikan pahala atas apa yang engkau berikan, dan semoga Allah memberikan berkah atas harta yang kau simpan dan menjadikannya sebagai
pembersih bagimu.”

Artikel ini telah tayang di bangkapos.com dengan judul Lafaz Niat dan Doa Zakat Fitrah Baik untuk Diri Sendiri, Istri maupun Anak,
http://bangka.tribunnews.com/2018/06/10/lafaz-niat-dan-doa-zakat-fitrah-baik-untuk-diri-sendiri-istri-maupun-anak.

Editor: teddymalaka