1,mapreduce

1,tutorial
1,table
1,of
1,contents
1,purpose
1,prerequisites2
1,overview
1,inputs
1,and
1,outputs
1,example
1,wordcount
1,v10
1,source
1,code3
1,usage6
1,walkthrough
1,mapreduce
1,user
1,interfaces
1,payload9
1,job
1,configuration13
1,task
1,execution
1,environment
1,job
1,submission
1,and
1,monitoring
1,job
1,input
1,job
1,output26
1,other
1,useful
1,features
1,example
1,wordcount
1,v20
1,source
1,code33
1,sample
1,runs
1,highlights41
1,copyright
1,©
1,the
1,apache
1,software
1,foundation
1,all
1,rights
1,reserved
1,mapreduce
1,tutorial
1,purpose
1,this
1,document
1,comprehensively
1,describes
1,all
1,userfacing
1,facets
1,of
1,the
1,hadoop
1,mapreduce
1,framework
1,and
1,serves
1,as
1,a
1,tutorial
1,prerequisites
1,ensure
1,that
1,hadoop
1,is
1,installed
1,configured
1,and
1,is
1,running
1,more
1,details
1,single
1,node
1,setup
1,for
1,firsttime
1,users
1,cluster
1,setup
1,for
1,large
1,distributed
1,clusters
1,overview
1,hadoop
1,mapreduce
1,is
1,a
1,software
1,framework
1,for
1,easily
1,writing
1,applications
1,which
1,process
1,vast
1,amounts
1,of
1,data
1,multiterabyte
1,datasets
1,inparallel
1,on
1,large
1,clusters
1,thousands
1,of
1,nodes
1,of
1,commodity
1,hardware
1,in
1,a
1,reliable
1,faulttolerant
1,manner
1,a
1,mapreduce
1,job
1,usually
1,splits
1,the
1,input
1,dataset
1,into
1,independent
1,chunks
1,which
1,are
1,processed
1,by
1,the
1,map
1,tasks
1,in
1,a
1,completely
1,parallel
1,manner
1,the
1,framework
1,sorts
1,the
1,outputs
1,of
1,the
1,maps
1,which
1,are
1,then
1,input
1,to
1,the
1,reduce
1,tasks
1,typically
1,both
1,the
1,input
1,and
1,the
1,output
1,of
1,the
1,job
1,are
1,stored
1,in
1,a
1,filesystem
1,the
1,framework
1,takes
1,care
1,of
1,scheduling
1,tasks
1,monitoring
1,them
1,and
1,reexecutes
1,the
1,failed
1,tasks
1,typically
1,the
1,compute
1,nodes
1,and
1,the
1,storage
1,nodes
1,are
1,the
1,same
1,that
1,is
1,the
1,mapreduce
1,framework
1,and
1,the
1,hadoop
1,distributed
1,file
1,system
1,see
1,hdfs
1,architecture
1,guide
1,are
1,running
1,on
1,the
1,same
1,set
1,of
1,nodes
1,this
1,configuration
1,allows
1,the
1,framework
1,to
1,effectively
1,schedule
1,tasks
1,on
1,the
1,nodes
1,where
1,data
1,is
1,already
1,present
1,resulting
1,in
1,very
1,high
1,aggregate
1,bandwidth
1,across
1,the
1,cluster
1,the
1,mapreduce
1,framework
1,consists
1,of
1,a
1,single
1,master
1,jobtracker
1,and
1,one
1,slave
1,tasktracker
1,per
1,clusternode
1,the
1,master
1,is
1,responsible
1,for
1,scheduling
1,the
1,jobs
1,component
1,tasks
1,on
1,the
1,slaves
1,monitoring
1,them
1,and
1,reexecuting
1,the
1,failed
1,tasks
1,the
1,slaves
1,execute
1,the
1,tasks
1,as
1,directed
1,by
1,the
1,master
1,minimally
1,applications
1,specify
1,the
1,inputoutput
1,locations
1,and
1,supply
1,map
1,and
1,reduce
1,functions
1,via
1,implementations
1,of
1,appropriate
1,interfaces
1,andor
1,abstractclasses
1,these
1,and
1,other
1,job
1,parameters
1,comprise
1,the
1,job
1,configuration
1,the
1,hadoop
1,job
1,client
1,then
1,submits
1,the
1,job
1,jarexecutable
1,etc
1,and
1,configuration
1,to
1,the
1,jobtracker
1,which
1,then
1,assumes
1,the
1,responsibility
1,of
1,distributing
1,the
1,softwareconfiguration
1,to
1,the
1,slaves
1,scheduling
1,tasks
1,and
1,monitoring
1,them
1,providing
1,status
1,and
1,diagnostic
1,information
1,to
1,the
1,jobclient
1,although
1,the
1,hadoop
1,framework
1,is
1,implemented
1,in
1,javatm
1,mapreduce
1,applications
1,need
1,not
1,be
1,written
1,in
1,java
1,copyright
1,©
1,the
1,apache
1,software
1,foundation
1,all
1,rights
1,reserved
1,page
1,mapreduce
1,tutorial
1,hadoop
1,streaming
1,is
1,a
1,utility
1,which
1,allows
1,users
1,to
1,create
1,and
1,run
1,jobs
1,with
1,any
1,executables
1,eg
1,shell
1,utilities
1,as
1,the
1,mapper
1,andor
1,the
1,reducer
1,hadoop
1,pipes
1,is
1,a
1,swig
1,compatible
1,c
1,api
1,to
1,implement
1,mapreduce
1,applications
1,tm
1,non
1,jni
1,based
1,inputs
1,and
1,outputs
1,the
1,mapreduce
1,framework
1,operates
1,exclusively
1,on
1,key
1,value
1,pairs
1,that
1,is
1,the
1,framework
1,views
1,the
1,input
1,to
1,the
1,job
1,as
1,a
1,set
1,of
1,key
1,value
1,pairs
1,and
1,produces
1,a
1,set
1,of
1,key
1,value
1,pairs
1,as
1,the
1,output
1,of
1,the
1,job
1,conceivably
1,of
1,different
1,types
1,the
1,key
1,and
1,value
1,classes
1,have
1,to
1,be
1,serializable
1,by
1,the
1,framework
1,and
1,hence
1,need
1,to
1,implement
1,the
1,writable
1,interface
1,additionally
1,the
1,key
1,classes
1,have
1,to
1,implement
1,the
1,writablecomparable
1,interface
1,to
1,facilitate
1,sorting
1,by
1,the
1,framework
1,input
1,and
1,output
1,types
1,of
1,a
1,mapreduce
1,job
1,input
1,k1
1,v1
1,map
1,k2
1,v2
1,combine
1,k2
1,v2
1,reduce
1,k3
1,v3
1,output
1,example
1,wordcount
1,v10
1,before
1,we
1,jump
1,into
1,the
1,details
1,lets
1,walk
1,through
1,an
1,example
1,mapreduce
1,application
1,to
1,get
1,a
1,flavour
1,for
1,how
1,they
1,work
1,wordcount
1,is
1,a
1,simple
1,application
1,that
1,counts
1,the
1,number
1,of
1,occurences
1,of
1,each
1,word
1,in
1,a
1,given
1,input
1,set
1,this
1,works
1,with
1,a
1,localstandalone
1,pseudodistributed
1,or
1,fullydistributed
1,hadoop
1,installation
1,single
1,node
1,setup
1,source
1,code
1,wordcountjava
1,package
1,orgmyorg
1,import
1,javaioioexception
1,import
1,javautil
1,import
1,orgapachehadoopfspath
1,import
1,orgapachehadoopconf
1,copyright
1,©
1,the
1,apache
1,software
1,foundation
1,all
1,rights
1,reserved
1,page
1,mapreduce
1,tutorial
1,wordcountjava
1,import
1,orgapachehadoopio
1,import
1,orgapachehadoopmapred
1,import
1,orgapachehadooputil
1,public
1,class
1,wordcount
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1,class
1,map
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1,mapreducebase
1,implements
1,mapperlongwritable
1,text
1,text
1,intwritable
1,private
1,final
1,static
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1,one
1,new
1,intwritable1
1,private
1,text
1,word
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1,text
1,public
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1,key
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1,value
1,outputcollectortext
1,intwritable
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1,reporter
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1,string
1,line
1,valuetostring
1,stringtokenizer
1,tokenizer
1,new
1,stringtokenizerline
1,while
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1,wordsettokenizernexttoken
1,outputcollectword
1,one
1,copyright
1,©
1,the
1,apache
1,software
1,foundation
1,all
1,rights
1,reserved
1,page
1,mapreduce
1,tutorial
1,wordcountjava
1,public
1,static
1,class
1,reduce
1,extends
1,mapreducebase
1,implements
1,reducertext
1,intwritable
1,text
1,intwritable
1,public
1,void
1,reducetext
1,key
1,iteratorintwritable
1,values
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1,intwritable
1,output
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1,int
1,sum
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1,sum
1,valuesnextget
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1,public
1,static
1,void
1,mainstring
1,args
1,throws
1,exception
1,jobconf
1,conf
1,new
1,jobconfwordcountclass
1,confsetjobnamewordcount
1,confsetoutputkeyclasstextclass
1,confsetoutputvalueclassintwritableclass
1,confsetmapperclassmapclass
1,confsetcombinerclassreduceclass
1,copyright
1,©
1,the
1,apache
1,software
1,foundation
1,all
1,rights
1,reserved
1,page
1,mapreduce
1,tutorial
1,wordcountjava
1,confsetreducerclassreduceclass
1,confsetinputformattextinputformatclass
1,confsetoutputformattextoutputformatclass
1,fileinputformatsetinputpathsconf
1,new
1,pathargs0
1,fileoutputformatsetoutputpathconf
1,new
1,pathargs1
1,jobclientrunjobconf
1,usage
1,assuming
1,hadoophome
1,is
1,the
1,root
1,of
1,the
1,installation
1,and
1,hadoopversion
1,is
1,the
1,hadoop
1,version
1,installed
1,compile
1,wordcountjava
1,and
1,create
1,a
1,jar
1,mkdir
1,wordcountclasses
1,javac
1,classpath
1,hadoophomehadoophadoopversion
1,corejar
1,d
1,wordcountclasses
1,wordcountjava
1,jar
1,cvf
1,usrjoewordcountjar
1,c
1,wordcountclasses
1,assuming
1,that
1,usrjoewordcountinput
1,input
1,directory
1,in
1,hdfs
1,usrjoewordcountoutput
1,output
1,directory
1,in
1,hdfs
1,sample
1,textfiles
1,as
1,input
1,binhadoop
1,dfs
1,ls
1,usrjoewordcountinput
1,copyright
1,©
1,the
1,apache
1,software
1,foundation
1,all
1,rights
1,reserved
1,page
1,mapreduce
1,tutorial
1,usrjoewordcountinputfile01
1,usrjoewordcountinputfile02
1,binhadoop
1,dfs
1,cat
1,usrjoewordcountinputfile01
1,hello
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1,usrjoewordcountinputfile02
1,hello
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1,goodbye
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1,application
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1,jar
1,usrjoewordcountjar
1,orgmyorgwordcount
1,usrjoewordcountinput
1,usrjoewordcountoutput
1,output
1,binhadoop
1,dfs
1,cat
1,usrjoewordcountoutputpart00000
1,bye
1,goodbye
1,hadoop
1,hello
1,world
1,applications
1,can
1,specify
1,a
1,comma
1,separated
1,list
1,of
1,paths
1,which
1,would
1,be
1,present
1,in
1,the
1,current
1,working
1,directory
1,of
1,the
1,task
1,using
1,the
1,option
1,files
1,the
1,libjars
1,option
1,allows
1,applications
1,to
1,add
1,jars
1,to
1,the
1,classpaths
1,of
1,the
1,maps
1,and
1,reduces
1,the
1,option
1,archives
1,allows
1,them
1,to
1,pass
1,comma
1,separated
1,list
1,of
1,archives
1,as
1,arguments
1,these
1,archives
1,are
1,unarchived
1,and
1,a
1,link
1,with
1,name
1,of
1,the
1,archive
1,is
1,created
1,in
1,the
1,current
1,working
1,directory
1,of
1,tasks
1,more
1,details
1,about
1,the
1,command
1,line
1,options
1,are
1,available
1,at
1,commands
1,guide
1,running
1,wordcount
1,example
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1,libjars
1,files
1,and
1,archives
1,hadoop
1,jar
1,hadoopexamplesjar
1,wordcount
1,files
1,cachefiletxt
1,libjars
1,mylibjar
1,archives
1,myarchivezip
1,input
1,output
1,here
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1,will
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1,placed
1,and
1,unzipped
1,into
1,a
1,directory
1,by
1,the
1,name
1,myarchivezip
1,users
1,can
1,specify
1,a
1,different
1,symbolic
1,name
1,for
1,files
1,and
1,archives
1,passed
1,through
1,files
1,and
1,archives
1,option
1,using
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1,example
1,hadoop
1,jar
1,hadoopexamplesjar
1,wordcount
1,files
1,dir1dicttxtdict1dir2dicttxtdict2
1,archives
1,mytartgztgzdir
1,input
1,output
1,here
1,the
1,files
1,dir1dicttxt
1,and
1,dir2dicttxt
1,can
1,be
1,accessed
1,by
1,tasks
1,using
1,the
1,symbolic
1,names
1,dict1
1,and
1,dict2
1,respectively
1,the
1,archive
1,mytartgz
1,will
1,be
1,placed
1,and
1,unarchived
1,into
1,a
1,directory
1,by
1,the
1,name
1,tgzdir
1,walkthrough
1,the
1,wordcount
1,application
1,is
1,quite
1,straightforward
1,copyright
1,©
1,the
1,apache
1,software
1,foundation
1,all
1,rights
1,reserved
1,page
1,mapreduce
1,tutorial
1,the
1,mapper
1,implementation
1,lines
1,via
1,the
1,map
1,method
1,lines
1,processes
1,one
1,line
1,at
1,a
1,time
1,as
1,provided
1,by
1,the
1,specified
1,textinputformat
1,line
1,it
1,then
1,splits
1,the
1,line
1,into
1,tokens
1,separated
1,by
1,whitespaces
1,via
1,the
1,stringtokenizer
1,and
1,emits
1,a
1,key
1,value
1,pair
1,of
1,word
1,for
1,the
1,given
1,sample
1,input
1,the
1,first
1,map
1,emits
1,hello
1,world
1,bye
1,world
1,the
1,second
1,map
1,emits
1,hello
1,hadoop
1,goodbye
1,hadoop
1,well
1,learn
1,more
1,about
1,the
1,number
1,of
1,maps
1,spawned
1,for
1,a
1,given
1,job
1,and
1,how
1,to
1,control
1,them
1,in
1,a
1,finegrained
1,manner
1,a
1,bit
1,later
1,in
1,the
1,tutorial
1,wordcount
1,also
1,specifies
1,a
1,combiner
1,line
1,hence
1,the
1,output
1,of
1,each
1,map
1,is
1,passed
1,through
1,the
1,local
1,combiner
1,which
1,is
1,same
1,as
1,the
1,reducer
1,as
1,per
1,the
1,job
1,configuration
1,for
1,local
1,aggregation
1,after
1,being
1,sorted
1,on
1,the
1,keys
1,the
1,output
1,of
1,the
1,first
1,map
1,bye
1,hello
1,world
1,the
1,output
1,of
1,the
1,second
1,map
1,goodbye
1,hadoop
1,hello
1,the
1,reducer
1,implementation
1,lines
1,via
1,the
1,reduce
1,method
1,lines
1,just
1,sums
1,up
1,the
1,values
1,which
1,are
1,the
1,occurence
1,counts
1,for
1,each
1,key
1,ie
1,words
1,in
1,this
1,example
1,thus
1,the
1,output
1,of
1,the
1,job
1,is
1,bye
1,goodbye
1,hadoop
1,hello
1,world
1,copyright
1,©
1,the
1,apache
1,software
1,foundation
1,all
1,rights
1,reserved
1,page
1,mapreduce
1,tutorial
1,the
1,run
1,method
1,specifies
1,various
1,facets
1,of
1,the
1,job
1,such
1,as
1,the
1,inputoutput
1,paths
1,passed
1,via
1,the
1,command
1,line
1,keyvalue
1,types
1,inputoutput
1,formats
1,etc
1,in
1,the
1,jobconf
1,it
1,then
1,calls
1,the
1,jobclientrunjob
1,line
1,to
1,submit
1,the
1,and
1,monitor
1,its
1,progress
1,well
1,learn
1,more
1,about
1,jobconf
1,jobclient
1,tool
1,and
1,other
1,interfaces
1,and
1,classes
1,a
1,bit
1,later
1,in
1,the
1,tutorial
1,mapreduce
1,user
1,interfaces
1,this
1,section
1,provides
1,a
1,reasonable
1,amount
1,of
1,detail
1,on
1,every
1,userfacing
1,aspect
1,of
1,the
1,mapreduce
1,framework
1,this
1,should
1,help
1,users
1,implement
1,configure
1,and
1,tune
1,their
1,jobs
1,in
1,a
1,finegrained
1,manner
1,however
1,please
1,note
1,that
1,the
1,javadoc
1,for
1,each
1,classinterface
1,remains
1,the
1,most
1,comprehensive
1,documentation
1,available
1,this
1,is
1,only
1,meant
1,to
1,be
1,a
1,tutorial
1,let
1,us
1,first
1,take
1,the
1,mapper
1,and
1,reducer
1,interfaces
1,applications
1,typically
1,implement
1,them
1,to
1,provide
1,the
1,map
1,and
1,reduce
1,methods
1,we
1,will
1,then
1,discuss
1,other
1,core
1,interfaces
1,including
1,jobconf
1,jobclient
1,partitioner
1,outputcollector
1,reporter
1,inputformat
1,outputformat
1,outputcommitter
1,and
1,others
1,finally
1,we
1,will
1,wrap
1,up
1,by
1,discussing
1,some
1,useful
1,features
1,of
1,the
1,framework
1,such
1,as
1,the
1,distributedcache
1,isolationrunner
1,etc
1,payload
1,applications
1,typically
1,implement
1,the
1,mapper
1,and
1,reducer
1,interfaces
1,to
1,provide
1,the
1,map
1,and
1,reduce
1,methods
1,these
1,form
1,the
1,core
1,of
1,the
1,job
1,mapper
1,mapper
1,maps
1,input
1,keyvalue
1,pairs
1,to
1,a
1,set
1,of
1,intermediate
1,keyvalue
1,pairs
1,maps
1,are
1,the
1,individual
1,tasks
1,that
1,transform
1,input
1,records
1,into
1,intermediate
1,records
1,the
1,transformed
1,intermediate
1,records
1,do
1,not
1,need
1,to
1,be
1,of
1,the
1,same
1,type
1,as
1,the
1,input
1,records
1,a
1,given
1,input
1,pair
1,may
1,map
1,to
1,zero
1,or
1,many
1,output
1,pairs
1,the
1,hadoop
1,mapreduce
1,framework
1,spawns
1,one
1,map
1,task
1,for
1,each
1,inputsplit
1,generated
1,by
1,the
1,inputformat
1,for
1,the
1,job
1,overall
1,mapper
1,implementations
1,are
1,passed
1,the
1,jobconf
1,for
1,the
1,job
1,via
1,the
1,jobconfigurableconfigurejobconf
1,method
1,and
1,override
1,it
1,to
1,initialize
1,themselves
1,the
1,framework
1,then
1,calls
1,mapwritablecomparable
1,writable
1,outputcollector
1,reporter
1,for
1,each
1,keyvalue
1,pair
1,in
1,the
1,inputsplit
1,for
1,that
1,task
1,applications
1,can
1,then
1,override
1,the
1,closeableclose
1,method
1,to
1,perform
1,any
1,required
1,cleanup
1,copyright
1,©
1,the
1,apache
1,software
1,foundation
1,all
1,rights
1,reserved
1,page
1,mapreduce
1,tutorial
1,output
1,pairs
1,do
1,not
1,need
1,to
1,be
1,of
1,the
1,same
1,types
1,as
1,input
1,pairs
1,a
1,given
1,input
1,pair
1,may
1,map
1,to
1,zero
1,or
1,many
1,output
1,pairs
1,output
1,pairs
1,are
1,collected
1,with
1,calls
1,to
1,outputcollectorcollectwritablecomparablewritable
1,applications
1,can
1,use
1,the
1,reporter
1,to
1,report
1,progress
1,set
1,applicationlevel
1,status
1,messages
1,and
1,update
1,counters
1,or
1,just
1,indicate
1,that
1,they
1,are
1,alive
1,all
1,intermediate
1,values
1,associated
1,with
1,a
1,given
1,output
1,key
1,are
1,subsequently
1,grouped
1,by
1,the
1,framework
1,and
1,passed
1,to
1,the
1,reducers
1,to
1,determine
1,the
1,final
1,output
1,users
1,can
1,control
1,the
1,grouping
1,by
1,specifying
1,a
1,comparator
1,via
1,jobconfsetoutputkeycomparatorclassclass
1,the
1,mapper
1,outputs
1,are
1,sorted
1,and
1,then
1,partitioned
1,per
1,reducer
1,the
1,total
1,number
1,of
1,partitions
1,is
1,the
1,same
1,as
1,the
1,number
1,of
1,reduce
1,tasks
1,for
1,the
1,job
1,users
1,can
1,control
1,which
1,keys
1,and
1,hence
1,records
1,go
1,to
1,which
1,reducer
1,by
1,implementing
1,a
1,custom
1,partitioner
1,users
1,can
1,optionally
1,specify
1,a
1,combiner
1,via
1,jobconfsetcombinerclassclass
1,to
1,perform
1,local
1,aggregation
1,of
1,the
1,intermediate
1,outputs
1,which
1,helps
1,to
1,cut
1,down
1,the
1,amount
1,of
1,data
1,transferred
1,from
1,the
1,mapper
1,to
1,the
1,reducer
1,the
1,intermediate
1,sorted
1,outputs
1,are
1,always
1,stored
1,in
1,a
1,simple
1,keylen
1,key
1,valuelen
1,value
1,format
1,applications
1,can
1,control
1,if
1,and
1,how
1,the
1,intermediate
1,outputs
1,are
1,to
1,be
1,compressed
1,and
1,the
1,compressioncodec
1,to
1,be
1,used
1,via
1,the
1,jobconf
1,how
1,many
1,maps
1,the
1,number
1,of
1,maps
1,is
1,usually
1,driven
1,by
1,the
1,total
1,size
1,of
1,the
1,inputs
1,that
1,is
1,the
1,total
1,number
1,of
1,blocks
1,of
1,the
1,input
1,files
1,the
1,right
1,level
1,of
1,parallelism
1,for
1,maps
1,seems
1,to
1,be
1,around
1,maps
1,pernode
1,although
1,it
1,has
1,been
1,set
1,up
1,to
1,maps
1,for
1,very
1,cpulight
1,map
1,tasks
1,task
1,setup
1,takes
1,awhile
1,so
1,it
1,is
1,best
1,if
1,the
1,maps
1,take
1,at
1,least
1,a
1,minute
1,to
1,execute
1,thus
1,if
1,you
1,expect
1,10tb
1,of
1,input
1,data
1,and
1,have
1,a
1,blocksize
1,of
1,128mb
1,youll
1,end
1,up
1,with
1,maps
1,unless
1,setnummaptasksint
1,which
1,only
1,provides
1,a
1,hint
1,to
1,the
1,framework
1,is
1,used
1,to
1,set
1,it
1,even
1,higher
1,reducer
1,reducer
1,reduces
1,a
1,set
1,of
1,intermediate
1,values
1,which
1,share
1,a
1,key
1,to
1,a
1,smaller
1,set
1,of
1,values
1,the
1,number
1,of
1,reduces
1,for
1,the
1,job
1,is
1,set
1,by
1,the
1,user
1,via
1,jobconfsetnumreducetasksint
1,overall
1,reducer
1,implementations
1,are
1,passed
1,the
1,jobconf
1,for
1,the
1,job
1,via
1,the
1,jobconfigurableconfigurejobconf
1,method
1,and
1,can
1,override
1,it
1,to
1,initialize
1,themselves
1,the
1,framework
1,then
1,calls
1,reducewritablecomparable
1,iterator
1,outputcollector
1,reporter
1,method
1,for
1,each
1,key
1,list
1,of
1,values
1,pair
1,in
1,the
1,grouped
1,inputs
1,applications
1,can
1,then
1,override
1,the
1,closeableclose
1,method
1,to
1,perform
1,any
1,required
1,cleanup
1,copyright
1,©
1,the
1,apache
1,software
1,foundation
1,all
1,rights
1,reserved
1,page
1,mapreduce
1,tutorial
1,reducer
1,has
1,primary
1,phases
1,shuffle
1,sort
1,and
1,reduce
1,shuffle
1,input
1,to
1,the
1,reducer
1,is
1,the
1,sorted
1,output
1,of
1,the
1,mappers
1,in
1,this
1,phase
1,the
1,framework
1,fetches
1,the
1,relevant
1,partition
1,of
1,the
1,output
1,of
1,all
1,the
1,mappers
1,via
1,http
1,sort
1,the
1,framework
1,groups
1,reducer
1,inputs
1,by
1,keys
1,since
1,different
1,mappers
1,may
1,have
1,output
1,the
1,same
1,key
1,in
1,this
1,stage
1,the
1,shuffle
1,and
1,sort
1,phases
1,occur
1,simultaneously
1,while
1,mapoutputs
1,are
1,being
1,fetched
1,they
1,are
1,merged
1,secondary
1,sort
1,if
1,equivalence
1,rules
1,for
1,grouping
1,the
1,intermediate
1,keys
1,are
1,required
1,to
1,be
1,different
1,from
1,those
1,for
1,grouping
1,keys
1,before
1,reduction
1,then
1,one
1,may
1,specify
1,a
1,comparator
1,via
1,jobconfsetoutputvaluegroupingcomparatorclass
1,since
1,jobconfsetoutputkeycomparatorclassclass
1,can
1,be
1,used
1,to
1,control
1,how
1,intermediate
1,keys
1,are
1,grouped
1,these
1,can
1,be
1,used
1,in
1,conjunction
1,to
1,simulate
1,secondary
1,sort
1,on
1,values
1,reduce
1,in
1,this
1,phase
1,the
1,reducewritablecomparable
1,iterator
1,outputcollector
1,reporter
1,method
1,is
1,called
1,for
1,each
1,key
1,list
1,of
1,values
1,pair
1,in
1,the
1,grouped
1,inputs
1,the
1,output
1,of
1,the
1,reduce
1,task
1,is
1,typically
1,written
1,to
1,the
1,filesystem
1,via
1,outputcollectorcollectwritablecomparable
1,writable
1,applications
1,can
1,use
1,the
1,reporter
1,to
1,report
1,progress
1,set
1,applicationlevel
1,status
1,messages
1,and
1,update
1,counters
1,or
1,just
1,indicate
1,that
1,they
1,are
1,alive
1,the
1,output
1,of
1,the
1,reducer
1,is
1,not
1,sorted
1,how
1,many
1,reduces
1,the
1,right
1,number
1,of
1,reduces
1,seems
1,to
1,be
1,or
1,multiplied
1,by
1,no
1,of
1,nodes
1,mapredtasktrackerreducetasksmaximum
1,with
1,all
1,of
1,the
1,reduces
1,can
1,launch
1,immediately
1,and
1,start
1,transfering
1,map
1,outputs
1,as
1,the
1,maps
1,finish
1,with
1,the
1,faster
1,nodes
1,will
1,finish
1,their
1,first
1,round
1,of
1,reduces
1,and
1,launch
1,a
1,second
1,wave
1,of
1,reduces
1,doing
1,a
1,much
1,better
1,job
1,of
1,load
1,balancing
1,increasing
1,the
1,number
1,of
1,reduces
1,increases
1,the
1,framework
1,overhead
1,but
1,increases
1,load
1,balancing
1,and
1,lowers
1,the
1,cost
1,of
1,failures
1,copyright
1,©
1,the
1,apache
1,software
1,foundation
1,all
1,rights
1,reserved
1,page
1,mapreduce
1,tutorial
1,the
1,scaling
1,factors
1,above
1,are
1,slightly
1,less
1,than
1,whole
1,numbers
1,to
1,reserve
1,a
1,few
1,reduce
1,slots
1,in
1,the
1,framework
1,for
1,speculativetasks
1,and
1,failed
1,tasks
1,reducer
1,none
1,it
1,is
1,legal
1,to
1,set
1,the
1,number
1,of
1,reducetasks
1,to
1,zero
1,if
1,no
1,reduction
1,is
1,desired
1,in
1,this
1,case
1,the
1,outputs
1,of
1,the
1,maptasks
1,go
1,directly
1,to
1,the
1,filesystem
1,into
1,the
1,output
1,path
1,set
1,by
1,setoutputpathpath
1,the
1,framework
1,does
1,not
1,sort
1,the
1,mapoutputs
1,before
1,writing
1,them
1,out
1,to
1,the
1,filesystem
1,partitioner
1,partitioner
1,partitions
1,the
1,key
1,space
1,partitioner
1,controls
1,the
1,partitioning
1,of
1,the
1,keys
1,of
1,the
1,intermediate
1,mapoutputs
1,the
1,key
1,or
1,a
1,subset
1,of
1,the
1,key
1,is
1,used
1,to
1,derive
1,the
1,partition
1,typically
1,by
1,a
1,hash
1,function
1,the
1,total
1,number
1,of
1,partitions
1,is
1,the
1,same
1,as
1,the
1,number
1,of
1,reduce
1,tasks
1,for
1,the
1,job
1,hence
1,this
1,controls
1,which
1,of
1,the
1,m
1,reduce
1,tasks
1,the
1,intermediate
1,key
1,and
1,hence
1,the
1,record
1,is
1,sent
1,to
1,for
1,reduction
1,hashpartitioner
1,is
1,the
1,default
1,partitioner
1,reporter
1,reporter
1,is
1,a
1,facility
1,for
1,mapreduce
1,applications
1,to
1,report
1,progress
1,set
1,applicationlevel
1,status
1,messages
1,and
1,update
1,counters
1,mapper
1,and
1,reducer
1,implementations
1,can
1,use
1,the
1,reporter
1,to
1,report
1,progress
1,or
1,just
1,indicate
1,that
1,they
1,are
1,alive
1,in
1,scenarios
1,where
1,the
1,application
1,takes
1,a
1,significant
1,amount
1,of
1,time
1,to
1,process
1,individual
1,keyvalue
1,pairs
1,this
1,is
1,crucial
1,since
1,the
1,framework
1,might
1,assume
1,that
1,the
1,task
1,has
1,timedout
1,and
1,kill
1,that
1,task
1,another
1,way
1,to
1,avoid
1,this
1,is
1,to
1,set
1,the
1,configuration
1,parameter
1,mapredtasktimeout
1,to
1,a
1,highenough
1,value
1,or
1,even
1,set
1,it
1,to
1,zero
1,for
1,no
1,timeouts
1,applications
1,can
1,also
1,update
1,counters
1,using
1,the
1,reporter
1,outputcollector
1,outputcollector
1,is
1,a
1,generalization
1,of
1,the
1,facility
1,provided
1,by
1,the
1,mapreduce
1,framework
1,to
1,collect
1,data
1,output
1,by
1,the
1,mapper
1,or
1,the
1,reducer
1,either
1,the
1,intermediate
1,outputs
1,or
1,the
1,output
1,of
1,the
1,job
1,hadoop
1,mapreduce
1,comes
1,bundled
1,with
1,a
1,library
1,of
1,generally
1,useful
1,mappers
1,reducers
1,and
1,partitioners
1,copyright
1,©
1,the
1,apache
1,software
1,foundation
1,all
1,rights
1,reserved
1,page
1,mapreduce
1,tutorial
1,job
1,configuration
1,jobconf
1,represents
1,a
1,mapreduce
1,job
1,configuration
1,jobconf
1,is
1,the
1,primary
1,interface
1,for
1,a
1,user
1,to
1,describe
1,a
1,mapreduce
1,job
1,to
1,the
1,hadoop
1,framework
1,for
1,execution
1,the
1,framework
1,tries
1,to
1,faithfully
1,execute
1,the
1,job
1,as
1,described
1,by
1,jobconf
1,however
1,f
1,some
1,configuration
1,parameters
1,may
1,have
1,been
1,marked
1,as
1,final
1,by
1,administrators
1,and
1,hence
1,cannot
1,be
1,altered
1,while
1,some
1,job
1,parameters
1,are
1,straightforward
1,to
1,set
1,eg
1,setnumreducetasksint
1,other
1,parameters
1,interact
1,subtly
1,with
1,the
1,rest
1,of
1,the
1,framework
1,andor
1,job
1,configuration
1,and
1,are
1,more
1,complex
1,to
1,set
1,eg
1,setnummaptasksint
1,jobconf
1,is
1,typically
1,used
1,to
1,specify
1,the
1,mapper
1,combiner
1,if
1,any
1,partitioner
1,reducer
1,inputformat
1,outputformat
1,and
1,outputcommitter
1,implementations
1,jobconf
1,also
1,indicates
1,the
1,set
1,of
1,input
1,files
1,setinputpathsjobconf
1,path
1,addinputpathjobconf
1,path
1,and
1,setinputpathsjobconf
1,string
1,addinputpathsjobconf
1,string
1,and
1,where
1,the
1,output
1,files
1,should
1,be
1,written
1,setoutputpathpath
1,optionally
1,jobconf
1,is
1,used
1,to
1,specify
1,other
1,advanced
1,facets
1,of
1,the
1,job
1,such
1,as
1,the
1,comparator
1,to
1,be
1,used
1,files
1,to
1,be
1,put
1,in
1,the
1,distributedcache
1,whether
1,intermediate
1,andor
1,job
1,outputs
1,are
1,to
1,be
1,compressed
1,and
1,how
1,debugging
1,via
1,user
1,provided
1,scripts
1,setmapdebugscriptstringsetreducedebugscriptstring
1,whether
1,job
1,tasks
1,can
1,be
1,executed
1,in
1,a
1,speculative
1,manner
1,setmapspeculativeexecutionboolean
1,setreducespeculativeexecutionboolean
1,maximum
1,number
1,of
1,attempts
1,per
1,task
1,setmaxmapattemptsintsetmaxreduceattemptsint
1,percentage
1,of
1,tasks
1,failure
1,which
1,can
1,be
1,tolerated
1,by
1,the
1,job
1,setmaxmaptaskfailurespercentintsetmaxreducetaskfailurespercentint
1,etc
1,of
1,course
1,users
1,can
1,use
1,setstring
1,stringgetstring
1,string
1,to
1,setget
1,arbitrary
1,parameters
1,needed
1,by
1,applications
1,however
1,use
1,the
1,distributedcache
1,for
1,large
1,amounts
1,of
1,readonly
1,data
1,task
1,execution
1,environment
1,the
1,tasktracker
1,executes
1,the
1,mapper
1,reducer
1,task
1,as
1,a
1,child
1,process
1,in
1,a
1,separate
1,jvm
1,the
1,childtask
1,inherits
1,the
1,environment
1,of
1,the
1,parent
1,tasktracker
1,the
1,user
1,can
1,specify
1,additional
1,options
1,to
1,the
1,childjvm
1,via
1,the
1,mapred
1,mapreducechildjavaopts
1,configuration
1,parameter
1,in
1,the
1,jobconf
1,such
1,as
1,nonstandard
1,paths
1,for
1,the
1,runtime
1,linker
1,to
1,search
1,shared
1,libraries
1,via
1,djavalibrarypath
1,etc
1,if
1,the
1,mapredmap
1,copyright
1,©
1,the
1,apache
1,software
1,foundation
1,all
1,rights
1,reserved
1,page
1,mapreduce
1,tutorial
1,reducechildjavaopts
1,parameters
1,contains
1,the
1,symbol
1,taskid
1,it
1,is
1,interpolated
1,with
1,value
1,of
1,taskid
1,of
1,the
1,mapreduce
1,task
1,here
1,is
1,an
1,example
1,with
1,multiple
1,arguments
1,and
1,substitutions
1,showing
1,jvm
1,gc
1,logging
1,and
1,start
1,of
1,a
1,passwordless
1,jvm
1,jmx
1,agent
1,so
1,that
1,it
1,can
1,connect
1,with
1,jconsole
1,and
1,the
1,likes
1,to
1,watch
1,child
1,memory
1,threads
1,and
1,get
1,thread
1,dumps
1,it
1,also
1,sets
1,the
1,maximum
1,heapsize
1,of
1,the
1,map
1,and
1,reduce
1,child
1,jvm
1,to
1,512mb
1,1024mb
1,respectively
1,it
1,also
1,adds
1,an
1,additional
1,path
1,to
1,the
1,javalibrarypath
1,of
1,the
1,childjvm
1,property
1,namemapredmapchildjavaoptsname
1,value
1,xmx512m
1,djavalibrarypathhomemycompanylib
1,verbosegc
1,xloggctmptaskidgc
1,dcomsunmanagementjmxremoteauthenticatefalse
1,dcomsunmanagementjmxremotesslfalse
1,value
1,property
1,property
1,namemapredreducechildjavaoptsname
1,value
1,xmx1024m
1,djavalibrarypathhomemycompanylib
1,verbosegc
1,xloggctmptaskidgc
1,dcomsunmanagementjmxremoteauthenticatefalse
1,dcomsunmanagementjmxremotesslfalse
1,value
1,property
1,memory
1,management
1,usersadmins
1,can
1,also
1,specify
1,the
1,maximum
1,virtual
1,memory
1,of
1,the
1,launched
1,childtask
1,and
1,any
1,subprocess
1,it
1,launches
1,recursively
1,using
1,mapredmap
1,reducechildulimit
1,note
1,that
1,the
1,value
1,set
1,here
1,is
1,a
1,per
1,process
1,limit
1,the
1,value
1,for
1,mapredmapreducechildulimit
1,should
1,be
1,specified
1,in
1,kilo
1,bytes
1,kb
1,and
1,also
1,the
1,value
1,must
1,be
1,greater
1,than
1,or
1,equal
1,to
1,the
1,xmx
1,passed
1,to
1,javavm
1,else
1,the
1,vm
1,might
1,not
1,start
1,note
1,mapredmapreducechildjavaopts
1,are
1,used
1,only
1,for
1,configuring
1,the
1,launched
1,child
1,tasks
1,from
1,task
1,tracker
1,configuring
1,the
1,memory
1,options
1,for
1,daemons
1,is
1,documented
1,in
1,configuring
1,the
1,environment
1,of
1,the
1,hadoop
1,daemons
1,the
1,memory
1,available
1,to
1,some
1,parts
1,of
1,the
1,framework
1,is
1,also
1,configurable
1,in
1,map
1,and
1,reduce
1,tasks
1,performance
1,may
1,be
1,influenced
1,by
1,adjusting
1,parameters
1,influencing
1,the
1,copyright
1,©
1,the
1,apache
1,software
1,foundation
1,all
1,rights
1,reserved
1,page
1,mapreduce
1,tutorial
1,concurrency
1,of
1,operations
1,and
1,the
1,frequency
1,with
1,which
1,data
1,will
1,hit
1,disk
1,monitoring
1,the
1,filesystem
1,counters
1,for
1,a
1,job
1,particularly
1,relative
1,to
1,byte
1,counts
1,from
1,the
1,map
1,and
1,into
1,the
1,reduce
1,is
1,invaluable
1,to
1,the
1,tuning
1,of
1,these
1,parameters
1,users
1,can
1,choose
1,to
1,override
1,default
1,limits
1,of
1,virtual
1,memory
1,and
1,ram
1,enforced
1,by
1,the
1,task
1,tracker
1,if
1,memory
1,management
1,is
1,enabled
1,users
1,can
1,set
1,the
1,following
1,parameter
1,per
1,job
1,name
1,type
1,description
1,mapredtaskmaxvmem
1,int
1,a
1,number
1,in
1,bytes
1,that
1,represents
1,the
1,maximum
1,virtual
1,memory
1,tasklimit
1,for
1,each
1,task
1,of
1,the
1,job
1,a
1,task
1,will
1,be
1,killed
1,if
1,it
1,consumes
1,more
1,virtual
1,memory
1,than
1,this
1,number
1,mapredtaskmaxpmem
1,int
1,a
1,number
1,in
1,bytes
1,that
1,represents
1,the
1,maximum
1,ram
1,tasklimit
1,for
1,each
1,task
1,of
1,the
1,job
1,this
1,number
1,can
1,be
1,optionally
1,used
1,by
1,schedulers
1,to
1,prevent
1,over
1,scheduling
1,of
1,tasks
1,on
1,a
1,node
1,based
1,on
1,ram
1,needs
1,map
1,parameters
1,a
1,record
1,emitted
1,from
1,a
1,map
1,will
1,be
1,serialized
1,into
1,a
1,buffer
1,and
1,metadata
1,will
1,be
1,stored
1,into
1,accounting
1,buffers
1,as
1,described
1,in
1,the
1,following
1,options
1,when
1,either
1,the
1,serialization
1,buffer
1,or
1,the
1,metadata
1,exceed
1,a
1,threshold
1,the
1,contents
1,of
1,the
1,buffers
1,will
1,be
1,sorted
1,and
1,written
1,to
1,disk
1,in
1,the
1,background
1,while
1,the
1,map
1,continues
1,to
1,output
1,records
1,if
1,either
1,buffer
1,fills
1,completely
1,while
1,the
1,spill
1,is
1,in
1,progress
1,the
1,map
1,thread
1,will
1,block
1,when
1,the
1,map
1,is
1,finished
1,any
1,remaining
1,records
1,are
1,written
1,to
1,disk
1,and
1,all
1,ondisk
1,segments
1,are
1,merged
1,into
1,a
1,single
1,file
1,minimizing
1,the
1,number
1,of
1,spills
1,to
1,disk
1,can
1,decrease
1,map
1,time
1,but
1,a
1,larger
1,buffer
1,also
1,decreases
1,the
1,memory
1,available
1,to
1,the
1,mapper
1,name
1,type
1,description
1,iosortmb
1,int
1,the
1,cumulative
1,size
1,of
1,the
1,serialization
1,and
1,accounting
1,buffers
1,storing
1,records
1,emitted
1,from
1,the
1,map
1,in
1,megabytes
1,iosortrecordpercent
1,float
1,the
1,ratio
1,of
1,serialization
1,to
1,accounting
1,space
1,can
1,be
1,adjusted
1,each
1,serialized
1,record
1,requires
1,bytes
1,of
1,accounting
1,information
1,copyright
1,©
1,the
1,apache
1,software
1,foundation
1,all
1,rights
1,reserved
1,page
1,mapreduce
1,tutorial
1,name
1,type
1,description
1,in
1,addition
1,to
1,its
1,serialized
1,size
1,to
1,effect
1,the
1,sort
1,this
1,percentage
1,of
1,space
1,allocated
1,from
1,iosortmb
1,affects
1,the
1,probability
1,of
1,a
1,spill
1,to
1,disk
1,being
1,caused
1,by
1,either
1,exhaustion
1,of
1,the
1,serialization
1,buffer
1,or
1,the
1,accounting
1,space
1,clearly
1,for
1,a
1,map
1,outputting
1,small
1,records
1,a
1,higher
1,value
1,than
1,the
1,default
1,will
1,likely
1,decrease
1,the
1,number
1,of
1,spills
1,to
1,disk
1,iosortspillpercent
1,float
1,this
1,is
1,the
1,threshold
1,for
1,the
1,accounting
1,and
1,serialization
1,buffers
1,when
1,this
1,percentage
1,of
1,either
1,buffer
1,has
1,filled
1,their
1,contents
1,will
1,be
1,spilled
1,to
1,disk
1,in
1,the
1,background
1,let
1,iosortrecordpercent
1,be
1,r
1,iosortmb
1,be
1,x
1,and
1,this
1,value
1,be
1,q
1,the
1,maximum
1,number
1,of
1,records
1,collected
1,before
1,the
1,collection
1,thread
1,will
1,spill
1,is
1,r
1,x
1,q
1,note
1,that
1,a
1,higher
1,value
1,may
1,decrease
1,the
1,number
1,of
1,or
1,even
1,eliminate
1,merges
1,but
1,will
1,also
1,increase
1,the
1,probability
1,of
1,the
1,map
1,task
1,getting
1,blocked
1,the
1,lowest
1,average
1,map
1,times
1,are
1,usually
1,obtained
1,by
1,accurately
1,estimating
1,the
1,size
1,of
1,the
1,map
1,output
1,and
1,preventing
1,multiple
1,spills
1,other
1,notes
1,if
1,either
1,spill
1,threshold
1,is
1,exceeded
1,while
1,a
1,spill
1,is
1,in
1,progress
1,collection
1,will
1,continue
1,until
1,the
1,spill
1,is
1,finished
1,for
1,example
1,if
1,iosortbufferspillpercent
1,is
1,set
1,to
1,and
1,the
1,remainder
1,of
1,the
1,buffer
1,is
1,filled
1,while
1,the
1,spill
1,runs
1,the
1,next
1,spill
1,will
1,include
1,all
1,the
1,collected
1,records
1,or
1,of
1,the
1,buffer
1,and
1,will
1,not
1,generate
1,additional
1,spills
1,in
1,other
1,words
1,the
1,thresholds
1,are
1,defining
1,triggers
1,not
1,blocking
1,a
1,record
1,larger
1,than
1,the
1,serialization
1,buffer
1,will
1,first
1,trigger
1,a
1,spill
1,then
1,be
1,spilled
1,to
1,a
1,separate
1,file
1,it
1,is
1,undefined
1,whether
1,or
1,not
1,this
1,record
1,will
1,first
1,pass
1,through
1,the
1,combiner
1,copyright
1,©
1,the
1,apache
1,software
1,foundation
1,all
1,rights
1,reserved
1,page
1,mapreduce
1,tutorial
1,shufflereduce
1,parameters
1,as
1,described
1,previously
1,each
1,reduce
1,fetches
1,the
1,output
1,assigned
1,to
1,it
1,by
1,the
1,partitioner
1,via
1,http
1,into
1,memory
1,and
1,periodically
1,merges
1,these
1,outputs
1,to
1,disk
1,if
1,intermediate
1,compression
1,of
1,map
1,outputs
1,is
1,turned
1,on
1,each
1,output
1,is
1,decompressed
1,into
1,memory
1,the
1,following
1,options
1,affect
1,the
1,frequency
1,of
1,these
1,merges
1,to
1,disk
1,prior
1,to
1,the
1,reduce
1,and
1,the
1,memory
1,allocated
1,to
1,map
1,output
1,during
1,the
1,reduce
1,name
1,type
1,description
1,iosortfactor
1,int
1,specifies
1,the
1,number
1,of
1,segments
1,on
1,disk
1,to
1,be
1,merged
1,at
1,the
1,same
1,time
1,it
1,limits
1,the
1,number
1,of
1,open
1,files
1,and
1,compression
1,codecs
1,during
1,the
1,merge
1,if
1,the
1,number
1,of
1,files
1,exceeds
1,this
1,limit
1,the
1,merge
1,will
1,proceed
1,in
1,several
1,passes
1,though
1,this
1,limit
1,also
1,applies
1,to
1,the
1,map
1,most
1,jobs
1,should
1,be
1,configured
1,so
1,that
1,hitting
1,this
1,limit
1,is
1,unlikely
1,there
1,mapredinmemmergethreshold
1,int
1,the
1,number
1,of
1,sorted
1,map
1,outputs
1,fetched
1,into
1,memory
1,before
1,being
1,merged
1,to
1,disk
1,like
1,the
1,spill
1,thresholds
1,in
1,the
1,preceding
1,note
1,this
1,is
1,not
1,defining
1,a
1,unit
1,of
1,partition
1,but
1,a
1,trigger
1,in
1,practice
1,this
1,is
1,usually
1,set
1,very
1,high
1,or
1,disabled
1,since
1,merging
1,in
1,memory
1,segments
1,is
1,often
1,less
1,expensive
1,than
1,merging
1,from
1,disk
1,see
1,notes
1,following
1,this
1,table
1,this
1,threshold
1,influences
1,only
1,the
1,frequency
1,of
1,inmemory
1,merges
1,during
1,the
1,shuffle
1,mapredjobshufflemergepercent
1,float
1,the
1,memory
1,threshold
1,for
1,fetched
1,map
1,outputs
1,before
1,an
1,inmemory
1,merge
1,is
1,started
1,expressed
1,as
1,a
1,percentage
1,of
1,memory
1,allocated
1,to
1,storing
1,map
1,outputs
1,in
1,memory
1,since
1,map
1,outputs
1,that
1,cant
1,fit
1,in
1,memory
1,can
1,be
1,stalled
1,setting
1,this
1,high
1,may
1,decrease
1,parallelism
1,between
1,the
1,fetch
1,and
1,merge
1,conversely
1,values
1,as
1,high
1,as
1,have
1,been
1,effective
1,for
1,reduces
1,copyright
1,©
1,the
1,apache
1,software
1,foundation
1,all
1,rights
1,reserved
1,page
1,mapreduce
1,tutorial
1,name
1,type
1,description
1,whose
1,input
1,can
1,fit
1,entirely
1,in
1,memory
1,this
1,parameter
1,influences
1,only
1,the
1,frequency
1,of
1,inmemory
1,merges
1,during
1,the
1,shuffle
1,mapredjobshuffleinputbufferpercenfltoat
1,the
1,percentage
1,of
1,memory
1,relative
1,to
1,the
1,maximum
1,heapsize
1,as
1,typically
1,specified
1,in
1,mapredreducechildjavaopts
1,that
1,can
1,be
1,allocated
1,to
1,storing
1,map
1,outputs
1,during
1,the
1,shuffle
1,though
1,some
1,memory
1,should
1,be
1,set
1,aside
1,for
1,the
1,framework
1,in
1,general
1,it
1,is
1,advantageous
1,to
1,set
1,this
1,high
1,enough
1,to
1,store
1,large
1,and
1,numerous
1,map
1,outputs
1,mapredjobreduceinputbufferpercenfltoat
1,the
1,percentage
1,of
1,memory
1,relative
1,to
1,the
1,maximum
1,heapsize
1,in
1,which
1,map
1,outputs
1,may
1,be
1,retained
1,during
1,the
1,reduce
1,when
1,the
1,reduce
1,begins
1,map
1,outputs
1,will
1,be
1,merged
1,to
1,disk
1,until
1,those
1,that
1,remain
1,are
1,under
1,the
1,resource
1,limit
1,this
1,defines
1,by
1,default
1,all
1,map
1,outputs
1,are
1,merged
1,to
1,disk
1,before
1,the
1,reduce
1,begins
1,to
1,maximize
1,the
1,memory
1,available
1,to
1,the
1,reduce
1,for
1,less
1,memory
1,intensive
1,reduces
1,this
1,should
1,be
1,increased
1,to
1,avoid
1,trips
1,to
1,disk
1,other
1,notes
1,if
1,a
1,map
1,output
1,is
1,larger
1,than
1,percent
1,of
1,the
1,memory
1,allocated
1,to
1,copying
1,map
1,outputs
1,it
1,will
1,be
1,written
1,directly
1,to
1,disk
1,without
1,first
1,staging
1,through
1,memory
1,when
1,running
1,with
1,a
1,combiner
1,the
1,reasoning
1,about
1,high
1,merge
1,thresholds
1,and
1,large
1,buffers
1,may
1,not
1,hold
1,for
1,merges
1,started
1,before
1,all
1,map
1,outputs
1,have
1,been
1,fetched
1,the
1,combiner
1,is
1,run
1,while
1,spilling
1,to
1,disk
1,in
1,some
1,cases
1,one
1,can
1,obtain
1,better
1,reduce
1,times
1,by
1,spending
1,resources
1,combining
1,map
1,outputs
1,making
1,disk
1,spills
1,small
1,and
1,parallelizing
1,spilling
1,and
1,fetching
1,rather
1,than
1,aggressively
1,increasing
1,buffer
1,sizes
1,when
1,merging
1,inmemory
1,map
1,outputs
1,to
1,disk
1,to
1,begin
1,the
1,reduce
1,if
1,an
1,intermediate
1,merge
1,is
1,necessary
1,because
1,there
1,are
1,segments
1,to
1,spill
1,and
1,at
1,least
1,iosortfactor
1,copyright
1,©
1,the
1,apache
1,software
1,foundation
1,all
1,rights
1,reserved
1,page
1,mapreduce
1,tutorial
1,segments
1,already
1,on
1,disk
1,the
1,inmemory
1,map
1,outputs
1,will
1,be
1,part
1,of
1,the
1,intermediate
1,merge
1,directory
1,structure
1,the
1,task
1,tracker
1,has
1,local
1,directory
1,mapredlocaldirtasktracker
1,to
1,create
1,localized
1,cache
1,and
1,localized
1,job
1,it
1,can
1,define
1,multiple
1,local
1,directories
1,spanning
1,multiple
1,disks
1,and
1,then
1,each
1,filename
1,is
1,assigned
1,to
1,a
1,semirandom
1,local
1,directory
1,when
1,the
1,job
1,starts
1,task
1,tracker
1,creates
1,a
1,localized
1,job
1,directory
1,relative
1,to
1,the
1,local
1,directory
1,specified
1,in
1,the
1,configuration
1,thus
1,the
1,task
1,tracker
1,directory
1,structure
1,looks
1,as
1,following
1,mapredlocaldirtasktrackerdistcache
1,the
1,public
1,distributed
1,cache
1,for
1,the
1,jobs
1,of
1,all
1,users
1,this
1,directory
1,holds
1,the
1,localized
1,public
1,distributed
1,cache
1,thus
1,localized
1,public
1,distributed
1,cache
1,is
1,shared
1,among
1,all
1,the
1,tasks
1,and
1,jobs
1,of
1,all
1,users
1,mapredlocaldirtasktrackeruserdistcache
1,the
1,private
1,distributed
1,cache
1,for
1,the
1,jobs
1,of
1,the
1,specific
1,user
1,this
1,directory
1,holds
1,the
1,localized
1,private
1,distributed
1,cache
1,thus
1,localized
1,private
1,distributed
1,cache
1,is
1,shared
1,among
1,all
1,the
1,tasks
1,and
1,jobs
1,of
1,the
1,specific
1,user
1,only
1,it
1,is
1,not
1,accessible
1,to
1,jobs
1,of
1,other
1,users
1,mapredlocaldirtasktrackeruserjobcachejobid
1,the
1,localized
1,job
1,directory
1,mapredlocaldirtasktrackeruserjobcachejobid
1,work
1,the
1,jobspecific
1,shared
1,directory
1,the
1,tasks
1,can
1,use
1,this
1,space
1,as
1,scratch
1,space
1,and
1,share
1,files
1,among
1,them
1,this
1,directory
1,is
1,exposed
1,to
1,the
1,users
1,through
1,the
1,configuration
1,property
1,joblocaldir
1,the
1,directory
1,can
1,accessed
1,through
1,the
1,api
1,jobconfgetjoblocaldir
1,it
1,is
1,available
1,as
1,system
1,property
1,also
1,so
1,users
1,streaming
1,etc
1,can
1,call
1,systemgetpropertyjoblocaldir
1,to
1,access
1,the
1,directory
1,mapredlocaldirtasktrackeruserjobcachejobid
1,jars
1,the
1,jars
1,directory
1,which
1,has
1,the
1,job
1,jar
1,file
1,and
1,expanded
1,jar
1,the
1,jobjar
1,is
1,the
1,applications
1,jar
1,file
1,that
1,is
1,automatically
1,distributed
1,to
1,each
1,machine
1,it
1,is
1,expanded
1,in
1,jars
1,directory
1,before
1,the
1,tasks
1,for
1,the
1,job
1,start
1,the
1,jobjar
1,location
1,is
1,accessible
1,to
1,the
1,application
1,through
1,the
1,api
1,jobconfgetjar
1,to
1,access
1,the
1,unjarred
1,directory
1,jobconfgetjargetparent
1,can
1,be
1,called
1,mapredlocaldirtasktrackeruserjobcachejobid
1,jobxml
1,the
1,jobxml
1,file
1,the
1,generic
1,job
1,configuration
1,localized
1,for
1,the
1,job
1,mapredlocaldirtasktrackeruserjobcachejobid
1,taskid
1,the
1,task
1,directory
1,for
1,each
1,task
1,attempt
1,each
1,task
1,directory
1,again
1,has
1,the
1,following
1,structure
1,mapredlocaldirtasktrackeruserjobcachejobid
1,taskidjobxml
1,a
1,jobxml
1,file
1,task
1,localized
1,job
1,configuration
1,task
1,copyright
1,©
1,the
1,apache
1,software
1,foundation
1,all
1,rights
1,reserved
1,page
1,mapreduce
1,tutorial
1,localization
1,means
1,that
1,properties
1,have
1,been
1,set
1,that
1,are
1,specific
1,to
1,this
1,particular
1,task
1,within
1,the
1,job
1,the
1,properties
1,localized
1,for
1,each
1,task
1,are
1,described
1,below
1,mapredlocaldirtasktrackeruserjobcachejobid
1,taskidoutput
1,a
1,directory
1,for
1,intermediate
1,output
1,files
1,this
1,contains
1,the
1,temporary
1,map
1,reduce
1,data
1,generated
1,by
1,the
1,framework
1,such
1,as
1,map
1,output
1,files
1,etc
1,mapredlocaldirtasktrackeruserjobcachejobid
1,taskidwork
1,the
1,current
1,working
1,directory
1,of
1,the
1,task
1,with
1,jvm
1,reuse
1,enabled
1,for
1,tasks
1,this
1,directory
1,will
1,be
1,the
1,directory
1,on
1,which
1,the
1,jvm
1,has
1,started
1,mapredlocaldirtasktrackeruserjobcachejobid
1,taskidworktmp
1,the
1,temporary
1,directory
1,for
1,the
1,task
1,user
1,can
1,specify
1,the
1,property
1,mapredchildtmp
1,to
1,set
1,the
1,value
1,of
1,temporary
1,directory
1,for
1,map
1,and
1,reduce
1,tasks
1,this
1,defaults
1,to
1,tmp
1,if
1,the
1,value
1,is
1,not
1,an
1,absolute
1,path
1,it
1,is
1,prepended
1,with
1,tasks
1,working
1,directory
1,otherwise
1,it
1,is
1,directly
1,assigned
1,the
1,directory
1,will
1,be
1,created
1,if
1,it
1,doesnt
1,exist
1,then
1,the
1,child
1,java
1,tasks
1,are
1,executed
1,with
1,option
1,djavaiotmpdirthe
1,absolute
1,path
1,of
1,the
1,tmp
1,dir
1,pipes
1,and
1,streaming
1,are
1,set
1,with
1,environment
1,variable
1,tmpdirthe
1,absolute
1,path
1,of
1,the
1,tmp
1,dir
1,this
1,directory
1,is
1,created
1,if
1,mapredchildtmp
1,has
1,the
1,value
1,tmp
1,task
1,jvm
1,reuse
1,jobs
1,can
1,enable
1,task
1,jvms
1,to
1,be
1,reused
1,by
1,specifying
1,the
1,job
1,configuration
1,mapredjobreusejvmnumtasks
1,if
1,the
1,value
1,is
1,the
1,default
1,then
1,jvms
1,are
1,not
1,reused
1,ie
1,task
1,per
1,jvm
1,if
1,it
1,is
1,there
1,is
1,no
1,limit
1,to
1,the
1,number
1,of
1,tasks
1,a
1,jvm
1,can
1,run
1,of
1,the
1,same
1,job
1,one
1,can
1,also
1,specify
1,some
1,value
1,greater
1,than
1,using
1,the
1,api
1,jobconfsetnumtaskstoexecuteperjvmint
1,configured
1,parameters
1,the
1,following
1,properties
1,are
1,localized
1,in
1,the
1,job
1,configuration
1,for
1,each
1,tasks
1,execution
1,name
1,type
1,description
1,mapredjobid
1,string
1,the
1,job
1,id
1,mapredjar
1,string
1,jobjar
1,location
1,in
1,job
1,directory
1,joblocaldir
1,string
1,the
1,job
1,specific
1,shared
1,scratch
1,space
1,mapredtipid
1,string
1,the
1,task
1,id
1,mapredtaskid
1,string
1,the
1,task
1,attempt
1,id
1,copyright
1,©
1,the
1,apache
1,software
1,foundation
1,all
1,rights
1,reserved
1,page
1,mapreduce
1,tutorial
1,name
1,type
1,description
1,mapredtaskismap
1,boolean
1,is
1,this
1,a
1,map
1,task
1,mapredtaskpartition
1,int
1,the
1,id
1,of
1,the
1,task
1,within
1,the
1,job
1,mapinputfile
1,string
1,the
1,filename
1,that
1,the
1,map
1,is
1,reading
1,from
1,mapinputstart
1,long
1,the
1,offset
1,of
1,the
1,start
1,of
1,the
1,map
1,input
1,split
1,mapinputlength
1,long
1,the
1,number
1,of
1,bytes
1,in
1,the
1,map
1,input
1,split
1,mapredworkoutputdir
1,string
1,the
1,tasks
1,temporary
1,output
1,directory
1,note
1,during
1,the
1,execution
1,of
1,a
1,streaming
1,job
1,the
1,names
1,of
1,the
1,mapred
1,parameters
1,are
1,transformed
1,the
1,dots
1,become
1,underscores
1,for
1,example
1,mapredjobid
1,becomes
1,mapredjobid
1,and
1,mapredjar
1,becomes
1,mapredjar
1,to
1,get
1,the
1,values
1,in
1,a
1,streaming
1,jobs
1,mapperreducer
1,use
1,the
1,parameter
1,names
1,with
1,the
1,underscores
1,task
1,logs
1,the
1,standard
1,output
1,stdout
1,and
1,error
1,stderr
1,streams
1,of
1,the
1,task
1,are
1,read
1,by
1,the
1,tasktracker
1,and
1,logged
1,to
1,hadooplogdiruserlogs
1,distributing
1,libraries
1,the
1,distributedcache
1,can
1,also
1,be
1,used
1,to
1,distribute
1,both
1,jars
1,and
1,native
1,libraries
1,for
1,use
1,in
1,the
1,map
1,andor
1,reduce
1,tasks
1,the
1,childjvm
1,always
1,has
1,its
1,current
1,working
1,directory
1,added
1,to
1,the
1,javalibrarypath
1,and
1,ldlibrarypath
1,and
1,hence
1,the
1,cached
1,libraries
1,can
1,be
1,loaded
1,via
1,systemloadlibrary
1,or
1,systemload
1,more
1,details
1,on
1,how
1,to
1,load
1,shared
1,libraries
1,through
1,distributed
1,cache
1,are
1,documented
1,at
1,nativelibrarieshtml
1,job
1,submission
1,and
1,monitoring
1,jobclient
1,is
1,the
1,primary
1,interface
1,by
1,which
1,userjob
1,interacts
1,with
1,the
1,jobtracker
1,jobclient
1,provides
1,facilities
1,to
1,submit
1,jobs
1,track
1,their
1,progress
1,access
1,componenttasks
1,reports
1,and
1,logs
1,get
1,the
1,mapreduce
1,clusters
1,status
1,information
1,and
1,so
1,on
1,the
1,job
1,submission
1,process
1,involves
1,checking
1,the
1,input
1,and
1,output
1,specifications
1,of
1,the
1,job
1,computing
1,the
1,inputsplit
1,values
1,for
1,the
1,job
1,copyright
1,©
1,the
1,apache
1,software
1,foundation
1,all
1,rights
1,reserved
1,page
1,mapreduce
1,tutorial
1,setting
1,up
1,the
1,requisite
1,accounting
1,information
1,for
1,the
1,distributedcache
1,of
1,the
1,job
1,if
1,necessary
1,copying
1,the
1,jobs
1,jar
1,and
1,configuration
1,to
1,the
1,mapreduce
1,system
1,directory
1,on
1,the
1,filesystem
1,submitting
1,the
1,job
1,to
1,the
1,jobtracker
1,and
1,optionally
1,monitoring
1,its
1,status
1,job
1,history
1,files
1,are
1,also
1,logged
1,to
1,user
1,specified
1,directory
1,hadoopjobhistoryuserlocation
1,which
1,defaults
1,to
1,job
1,output
1,directory
1,the
1,files
1,are
1,stored
1,in
1,logshistory
1,in
1,the
1,specified
1,directory
1,hence
1,by
1,default
1,they
1,will
1,be
1,in
1,mapredoutputdirlogshistory
1,user
1,can
1,stop
1,logging
1,by
1,giving
1,the
1,value
1,none
1,for
1,hadoopjobhistoryuserlocation
1,user
1,can
1,view
1,the
1,history
1,logs
1,summary
1,in
1,specified
1,directory
1,using
1,the
1,following
1,command
1,binhadoop
1,job
1,history
1,outputdir
1,this
1,command
1,will
1,print
1,job
1,details
1,failed
1,and
1,killed
1,tip
1,details
1,more
1,details
1,about
1,the
1,job
1,such
1,as
1,successful
1,tasks
1,and
1,task
1,attempts
1,made
1,for
1,each
1,task
1,can
1,be
1,viewed
1,using
1,the
1,following
1,command
1,binhadoop
1,job
1,history
1,all
1,outputdir
1,user
1,can
1,use
1,outputlogfilter
1,to
1,filter
1,log
1,files
1,from
1,the
1,output
1,directory
1,listing
1,normally
1,the
1,user
1,creates
1,the
1,application
1,describes
1,various
1,facets
1,of
1,the
1,job
1,via
1,jobconf
1,and
1,then
1,uses
1,the
1,jobclient
1,to
1,submit
1,the
1,job
1,and
1,monitor
1,its
1,progress
1,job
1,authorization
1,job
1,level
1,authorization
1,and
1,queue
1,level
1,authorization
1,are
1,enabled
1,on
1,the
1,cluster
1,if
1,the
1,configuration
1,mapredaclsenabled
1,is
1,set
1,to
1,true
1,when
1,enabled
1,access
1,control
1,checks
1,are
1,done
1,by
1,a
1,the
1,jobtracker
1,before
1,allowing
1,users
1,to
1,submit
1,jobs
1,to
1,queues
1,and
1,administering
1,these
1,jobs
1,and
1,b
1,by
1,the
1,jobtracker
1,and
1,the
1,tasktracker
1,before
1,allowing
1,users
1,to
1,view
1,job
1,details
1,or
1,to
1,modify
1,a
1,job
1,using
1,mapreduce
1,apis
1,cli
1,or
1,web
1,user
1,interfaces
1,a
1,job
1,submitter
1,can
1,specify
1,access
1,control
1,lists
1,for
1,viewing
1,or
1,modifying
1,a
1,job
1,via
1,the
1,configuration
1,properties
1,mapreducejobaclviewjob
1,and
1,mapreducejobaclmodifyjob
1,respectively
1,by
1,default
1,nobody
1,is
1,given
1,access
1,in
1,these
1,properties
1,however
1,irrespective
1,of
1,the
1,job
1,acls
1,configured
1,a
1,jobs
1,owner
1,the
1,superuser
1,and
1,cluster
1,administrators
1,mapreduceclusteradministrators
1,and
1,queue
1,administrators
1,of
1,the
1,queue
1,to
1,which
1,the
1,job
1,was
1,submitted
1,to
1,mapredqueuequeuenameacl
1,administerjobs
1,always
1,have
1,access
1,to
1,view
1,and
1,modify
1,a
1,job
1,a
1,job
1,view
1,acl
1,authorizes
1,users
1,against
1,the
1,configured
1,mapreducejobaclview
1,job
1,before
1,returning
1,possibly
1,sensitive
1,information
1,about
1,a
1,job
1,like
1,copyright
1,©
1,the
1,apache
1,software
1,foundation
1,all
1,rights
1,reserved
1,page
1,mapreduce
1,tutorial
1,job
1,level
1,counters
1,task
1,level
1,counters
1,taskss
1,diagnostic
1,information
1,task
1,logs
1,displayed
1,on
1,the
1,tasktracker
1,web
1,ui
1,jobxml
1,showed
1,by
1,the
1,jobtrackers
1,web
1,ui
1,other
1,information
1,about
1,a
1,job
1,like
1,its
1,status
1,and
1,its
1,profile
1,is
1,accessible
1,to
1,all
1,users
1,without
1,requiring
1,authorization
1,a
1,job
1,modification
1,acl
1,authorizes
1,users
1,against
1,the
1,configured
1,mapreducejobacl
1,modifyjob
1,before
1,allowing
1,modifications
1,to
1,jobs
1,like
1,killing
1,a
1,job
1,killingfailing
1,a
1,task
1,of
1,a
1,job
1,setting
1,the
1,priority
1,of
1,a
1,job
1,these
1,operations
1,are
1,also
1,permitted
1,by
1,the
1,queue
1,level
1,acl
1,mapredqueuequeuenameacl
1,administerjobs
1,configured
1,via
1,mapredqueueaclsxml
1,the
1,caller
1,will
1,be
1,able
1,to
1,do
1,the
1,operation
1,if
1,heshe
1,is
1,part
1,of
1,either
1,queue
1,admins
1,acl
1,or
1,job
1,modification
1,acl
1,the
1,format
1,of
1,a
1,job
1,level
1,acl
1,is
1,the
1,same
1,as
1,the
1,format
1,for
1,a
1,queue
1,level
1,acl
1,as
1,defined
1,in
1,the
1,cluster
1,setup
1,documentation
1,job
1,control
1,users
1,may
1,need
1,to
1,chain
1,mapreduce
1,jobs
1,to
1,accomplish
1,complex
1,tasks
1,which
1,cannot
1,be
1,done
1,via
1,a
1,single
1,mapreduce
1,job
1,this
1,is
1,fairly
1,easy
1,since
1,the
1,output
1,of
1,the
1,job
1,typically
1,goes
1,to
1,distributed
1,filesystem
1,and
1,the
1,output
1,in
1,turn
1,can
1,be
1,used
1,as
1,the
1,input
1,for
1,the
1,next
1,job
1,however
1,this
1,also
1,means
1,that
1,the
1,onus
1,on
1,ensuring
1,jobs
1,are
1,complete
1,successfailure
1,lies
1,squarely
1,on
1,the
1,clients
1,in
1,such
1,cases
1,the
1,various
1,jobcontrol
1,options
1,are
1,runjobjobconf
1,submits
1,the
1,job
1,and
1,returns
1,only
1,after
1,the
1,job
1,has
1,completed
1,submitjobjobconf
1,only
1,submits
1,the
1,job
1,then
1,poll
1,the
1,returned
1,handle
1,to
1,the
1,runningjob
1,to
1,query
1,status
1,and
1,make
1,scheduling
1,decisions
1,jobconfsetjobendnotificationuristring
1,sets
1,up
1,a
1,notification
1,upon
1,jobcompletion
1,thus
1,avoiding
1,polling
1,job
1,credentials
1,in
1,a
1,secure
1,cluster
1,the
1,user
1,is
1,authenticated
1,via
1,kerberos
1,kinit
1,command
1,because
1,of
1,scalability
1,concerns
1,we
1,dont
1,push
1,the
1,clients
1,kerberos
1,tickets
1,in
1,mapreduce
1,jobs
1,instead
1,we
1,acquire
1,delegation
1,tokens
1,from
1,each
1,hdfs
1,namenode
1,that
1,the
1,job
1,will
1,use
1,and
1,store
1,them
1,in
1,the
1,job
1,as
1,part
1,of
1,job
1,submission
1,the
1,delegation
1,tokens
1,are
1,automatically
1,obtained
1,for
1,the
1,hdfs
1,that
1,holds
1,the
1,staging
1,directories
1,where
1,the
1,job
1,job
1,files
1,are
1,written
1,and
1,any
1,hdfs
1,systems
1,referenced
1,by
1,fileinputformats
1,fileoutputformats
1,distcp
1,and
1,the
1,copyright
1,©
1,the
1,apache
1,software
1,foundation
1,all
1,rights
1,reserved
1,page
1,mapreduce
1,tutorial
1,distributed
1,cache
1,other
1,applications
1,require
1,to
1,set
1,the
1,configuration
1,mapreducejobhdfs
1,servers
1,for
1,all
1,namenodes
1,that
1,tasks
1,might
1,need
1,to
1,talk
1,during
1,the
1,job
1,execution
1,this
1,is
1,a
1,comma
1,separated
1,list
1,of
1,file
1,system
1,names
1,such
1,as
1,hdfsnn1hdfsnn2
1,these
1,tokens
1,are
1,passed
1,to
1,the
1,jobtracker
1,as
1,part
1,of
1,the
1,job
1,submission
1,as
1,credentials
1,similar
1,to
1,hdfs
1,delegation
1,tokens
1,we
1,also
1,have
1,mapreduce
1,delegation
1,tokens
1,the
1,mapreduce
1,tokens
1,are
1,provided
1,so
1,that
1,tasks
1,can
1,spawn
1,jobs
1,if
1,they
1,wish
1,to
1,the
1,tasks
1,authenticate
1,to
1,the
1,jobtracker
1,via
1,the
1,mapreduce
1,delegation
1,tokens
1,the
1,delegation
1,token
1,can
1,be
1,obtained
1,via
1,the
1,api
1,in
1,jobclientgetdelegationtoken
1,the
1,obtained
1,token
1,must
1,then
1,be
1,pushed
1,onto
1,the
1,credentials
1,that
1,is
1,there
1,in
1,the
1,jobconf
1,used
1,for
1,job
1,submission
1,the
1,api
1,credentialsaddtoken
1,can
1,be
1,used
1,for
1,this
1,the
1,credentials
1,are
1,sent
1,to
1,the
1,jobtracker
1,as
1,part
1,of
1,the
1,job
1,submission
1,process
1,the
1,jobtracker
1,persists
1,the
1,tokens
1,and
1,secrets
1,in
1,its
1,filesystem
1,typically
1,hdfs
1,in
1,a
1,file
1,within
1,mapredsystemdirjobid
1,the
1,tasktracker
1,localizes
1,the
1,file
1,as
1,part
1,job
1,localization
1,tasks
1,see
1,an
1,environment
1,variable
1,called
1,hadooptokenfilelocation
1,and
1,the
1,framework
1,sets
1,this
1,to
1,point
1,to
1,the
1,localized
1,file
1,in
1,order
1,to
1,launch
1,jobs
1,from
1,tasks
1,or
1,for
1,doing
1,any
1,hdfs
1,operation
1,tasks
1,must
1,set
1,the
1,configuration
1,mapreducejobcredentialsbinary
1,to
1,point
1,to
1,this
1,token
1,file
1,the
1,hdfs
1,delegation
1,tokens
1,passed
1,to
1,the
1,jobtracker
1,during
1,job
1,submission
1,are
1,are
1,cancelled
1,by
1,the
1,jobtracker
1,when
1,the
1,job
1,completes
1,this
1,is
1,the
1,default
1,behavior
1,unless
1,mapreducejobcompletecanceldelegationtokens
1,is
1,set
1,to
1,false
1,in
1,the
1,jobconf
1,for
1,jobs
1,whose
1,tasks
1,in
1,turn
1,spawns
1,jobs
1,this
1,should
1,be
1,set
1,to
1,false
1,applications
1,sharing
1,jobconf
1,objects
1,between
1,multiple
1,jobs
1,on
1,the
1,jobclient
1,side
1,should
1,look
1,at
1,setting
1,mapreducejobcompletecanceldelegationtokens
1,to
1,false
1,this
1,is
1,because
1,the
1,credentials
1,object
1,within
1,the
1,jobconf
1,will
1,then
1,be
1,shared
1,all
1,jobs
1,will
1,end
1,up
1,sharing
1,the
1,same
1,tokens
1,and
1,hence
1,the
1,tokens
1,should
1,not
1,be
1,canceled
1,when
1,the
1,jobs
1,in
1,the
1,sequence
1,finish
1,apart
1,from
1,the
1,hdfs
1,delegation
1,tokens
1,arbitrary
1,secrets
1,can
1,also
1,be
1,passed
1,during
1,the
1,job
1,submission
1,for
1,tasks
1,to
1,access
1,other
1,third
1,party
1,services
1,the
1,apis
1,jobconfgetcredentials
1,or
1,jobcontextgetcredentials
1,should
1,be
1,used
1,to
1,get
1,the
1,credentials
1,object
1,and
1,then
1,credentialsaddsecretkey
1,should
1,be
1,used
1,to
1,add
1,secrets
1,for
1,applications
1,written
1,using
1,the
1,old
1,mapreduce
1,api
1,the
1,mapperreducer
1,classes
1,need
1,to
1,implement
1,jobconfigurable
1,in
1,order
1,to
1,get
1,access
1,to
1,the
1,credentials
1,in
1,the
1,tasks
1,a
1,reference
1,to
1,the
1,jobconf
1,passed
1,in
1,the
1,jobconfigurableconfigure
1,should
1,be
1,stored
1,in
1,the
1,new
1,mapreduce
1,api
1,a
1,similar
1,thing
1,can
1,be
1,done
1,in
1,the
1,mappersetup
1,method
1,the
1,api
1,jobconfgetcredentials
1,or
1,the
1,api
1,jobcontextgetcredentials
1,should
1,be
1,used
1,to
1,get
1,the
1,credentials
1,reference
1,depending
1,on
1,whether
1,the
1,new
1,mapreduce
1,api
1,or
1,the
1,old
1,mapreduce
1,api
1,is
1,used
1,tasks
1,can
1,access
1,the
1,secrets
1,using
1,the
1,apis
1,in
1,credentials
1,copyright
1,©
1,the
1,apache
1,software
1,foundation
1,all
1,rights
1,reserved
1,page
1,mapreduce
1,tutorial
1,job
1,input
1,inputformat
1,describes
1,the
1,inputspecification
1,for
1,a
1,mapreduce
1,job
1,the
1,mapreduce
1,framework
1,relies
1,on
1,the
1,inputformat
1,of
1,the
1,job
1,to
1,validate
1,the
1,inputspecification
1,of
1,the
1,job
1,splitup
1,the
1,input
1,files
1,into
1,logical
1,inputsplit
1,instances
1,each
1,of
1,which
1,is
1,then
1,assigned
1,to
1,an
1,individual
1,mapper
1,provide
1,the
1,recordreader
1,implementation
1,used
1,to
1,glean
1,input
1,records
1,from
1,the
1,logical
1,inputsplit
1,for
1,processing
1,by
1,the
1,mapper
1,the
1,default
1,behavior
1,of
1,filebased
1,inputformat
1,implementations
1,typically
1,subclasses
1,of
1,fileinputformat
1,is
1,to
1,split
1,the
1,input
1,into
1,logical
1,inputsplit
1,instances
1,based
1,on
1,the
1,total
1,size
1,in
1,bytes
1,of
1,the
1,input
1,files
1,however
1,the
1,filesystem
1,blocksize
1,of
1,the
1,input
1,files
1,is
1,treated
1,as
1,an
1,upper
1,bound
1,for
1,input
1,splits
1,a
1,lower
1,bound
1,on
1,the
1,split
1,size
1,can
1,be
1,set
1,via
1,mapredminsplitsize
1,clearly
1,logical
1,splits
1,based
1,on
1,inputsize
1,is
1,insufficient
1,for
1,many
1,applications
1,since
1,record
1,boundaries
1,must
1,be
1,respected
1,in
1,such
1,cases
1,the
1,application
1,should
1,implement
1,a
1,recordreader
1,who
1,is
1,responsible
1,for
1,respecting
1,recordboundaries
1,and
1,presents
1,a
1,record
1,oriented
1,view
1,of
1,the
1,logical
1,inputsplit
1,to
1,the
1,individual
1,task
1,textinputformat
1,is
1,the
1,default
1,inputformat
1,if
1,textinputformat
1,is
1,the
1,inputformat
1,for
1,a
1,given
1,job
1,the
1,framework
1,detects
1,input
1,files
1,with
1,the
1,gz
1,extensions
1,and
1,automatically
1,decompresses
1,them
1,using
1,the
1,appropriate
1,compressioncodec
1,however
1,it
1,must
1,be
1,noted
1,that
1,compressed
1,files
1,with
1,the
1,above
1,extensions
1,cannot
1,be
1,split
1,and
1,each
1,compressed
1,file
1,is
1,processed
1,in
1,its
1,entirety
1,by
1,a
1,single
1,mapper
1,inputsplit
1,inputsplit
1,represents
1,the
1,data
1,to
1,be
1,processed
1,by
1,an
1,individual
1,mapper
1,typically
1,inputsplit
1,presents
1,a
1,byteoriented
1,view
1,of
1,the
1,input
1,and
1,it
1,is
1,the
1,responsibility
1,of
1,recordreader
1,to
1,process
1,and
1,present
1,a
1,recordoriented
1,view
1,filesplit
1,is
1,the
1,default
1,inputsplit
1,it
1,sets
1,mapinputfile
1,to
1,the
1,path
1,of
1,the
1,input
1,file
1,for
1,the
1,logical
1,split
1,recordreader
1,recordreader
1,reads
1,key
1,value
1,pairs
1,from
1,an
1,inputsplit
1,typically
1,the
1,recordreader
1,converts
1,the
1,byteoriented
1,view
1,of
1,the
1,input
1,provided
1,by
1,the
1,inputsplit
1,and
1,presents
1,a
1,recordoriented
1,to
1,the
1,mapper
1,implementations
1,copyright
1,©
1,the
1,apache
1,software
1,foundation
1,all
1,rights
1,reserved
1,page
1,mapreduce
1,tutorial
1,for
1,processing
1,recordreader
1,thus
1,assumes
1,the
1,responsibility
1,of
1,processing
1,record
1,boundaries
1,and
1,presents
1,the
1,tasks
1,with
1,keys
1,and
1,values
1,job
1,output
1,outputformat
1,describes
1,the
1,outputspecification
1,for
1,a
1,mapreduce
1,job
1,the
1,mapreduce
1,framework
1,relies
1,on
1,the
1,outputformat
1,of
1,the
1,job
1,to
1,validate
1,the
1,outputspecification
1,of
1,the
1,job
1,for
1,example
1,check
1,that
1,the
1,output
1,directory
1,doesnt
1,already
1,exist
1,provide
1,the
1,recordwriter
1,implementation
1,used
1,to
1,write
1,the
1,output
1,files
1,of
1,the
1,job
1,output
1,files
1,are
1,stored
1,in
1,a
1,filesystem
1,textoutputformat
1,is
1,the
1,default
1,outputformat
1,outputcommitter
1,outputcommitter
1,describes
1,the
1,commit
1,of
1,task
1,output
1,for
1,a
1,mapreduce
1,job
1,the
1,mapreduce
1,framework
1,relies
1,on
1,the
1,outputcommitter
1,of
1,the
1,job
1,to
1,setup
1,the
1,job
1,during
1,initialization
1,for
1,example
1,create
1,the
1,temporary
1,output
1,directory
1,for
1,the
1,job
1,during
1,the
1,initialization
1,of
1,the
1,job
1,job
1,setup
1,is
1,done
1,by
1,a
1,separate
1,task
1,when
1,the
1,job
1,is
1,in
1,prep
1,state
1,and
1,after
1,initializing
1,tasks
1,once
1,the
1,setup
1,task
1,completes
1,the
1,job
1,will
1,be
1,moved
1,to
1,running
1,state
1,cleanup
1,the
1,job
1,after
1,the
1,job
1,completion
1,for
1,example
1,remove
1,the
1,temporary
1,output
1,directory
1,after
1,the
1,job
1,completion
1,job
1,cleanup
1,is
1,done
1,by
1,a
1,separate
1,task
1,at
1,the
1,end
1,of
1,the
1,job
1,job
1,is
1,declared
1,succededfailedkilled
1,after
1,the
1,cleanup
1,task
1,completes
1,setup
1,the
1,task
1,temporary
1,output
1,task
1,setup
1,is
1,done
1,as
1,part
1,of
1,the
1,same
1,task
1,during
1,task
1,initialization
1,check
1,whether
1,a
1,task
1,needs
1,a
1,commit
1,this
1,is
1,to
1,avoid
1,the
1,commit
1,procedure
1,if
1,a
1,task
1,does
1,not
1,need
1,commit
1,commit
1,of
1,the
1,task
1,output
1,once
1,task
1,is
1,done
1,the
1,task
1,will
1,commit
1,its
1,output
1,if
1,required
1,discard
1,the
1,task
1,commit
1,if
1,the
1,task
1,has
1,been
1,failedkilled
1,the
1,output
1,will
1,be
1,cleanedup
1,if
1,task
1,could
1,not
1,cleanup
1,in
1,exception
1,block
1,a
1,separate
1,task
1,will
1,be
1,launched
1,with
1,same
1,attemptid
1,to
1,do
1,the
1,cleanup
1,fileoutputcommitter
1,is
1,the
1,default
1,outputcommitter
1,job
1,setupcleanup
1,tasks
1,occupy
1,map
1,or
1,reduce
1,slots
1,whichever
1,is
1,free
1,on
1,the
1,tasktracker
1,and
1,jobcleanup
1,task
1,taskcleanup
1,tasks
1,and
1,jobsetup
1,task
1,have
1,the
1,highest
1,priority
1,and
1,in
1,that
1,order
1,task
1,sideeffect
1,files
1,in
1,some
1,applications
1,component
1,tasks
1,need
1,to
1,create
1,andor
1,write
1,to
1,sidefiles
1,which
1,differ
1,from
1,the
1,actual
1,joboutput
1,files
1,copyright
1,©
1,the
1,apache
1,software
1,foundation
1,all
1,rights
1,reserved
1,page
1,mapreduce
1,tutorial
1,in
1,such
1,cases
1,there
1,could
1,be
1,issues
1,with
1,two
1,instances
1,of
1,the
1,same
1,mapper
1,or
1,reducer
1,running
1,simultaneously
1,for
1,example
1,speculative
1,tasks
1,trying
1,to
1,open
1,andor
1,write
1,to
1,the
1,same
1,file
1,path
1,on
1,the
1,filesystem
1,hence
1,the
1,application
1,writer
1,will
1,have
1,to
1,pick
1,unique
1,names
1,per
1,taskattempt
1,using
1,the
1,attemptid
1,say
1,attempt2007092218120001m0000000
1,not
1,just
1,per
1,task
1,to
1,avoid
1,these
1,issues
1,the
1,mapreduce
1,framework
1,when
1,the
1,outputcommitter
1,is
1,fileoutputcommitter
1,maintains
1,a
1,special
1,mapredoutputdir
1,temporarytaskid
1,subdirectory
1,accessible
1,via
1,mapredworkoutputdir
1,for
1,each
1,taskattempt
1,on
1,the
1,filesystem
1,where
1,the
1,output
1,of
1,the
1,taskattempt
1,is
1,stored
1,on
1,successful
1,completion
1,of
1,the
1,taskattempt
1,the
1,files
1,in
1,the
1,mapredoutputdirtemporarytaskid
1,only
1,are
1,promoted
1,to
1,mapredoutputdir
1,of
1,course
1,the
1,framework
1,discards
1,the
1,subdirectory
1,of
1,unsuccessful
1,taskattempts
1,this
1,process
1,is
1,completely
1,transparent
1,to
1,the
1,application
1,the
1,applicationwriter
1,can
1,take
1,advantage
1,of
1,this
1,feature
1,by
1,creating
1,any
1,sidefiles
1,required
1,in
1,mapredworkoutputdir
1,during
1,execution
1,of
1,a
1,task
1,via
1,fileoutputformatgetworkoutputpath
1,and
1,the
1,framework
1,will
1,promote
1,them
1,similarly
1,for
1,succesful
1,taskattempts
1,thus
1,eliminating
1,the
1,need
1,to
1,pick
1,unique
1,paths
1,per
1,taskattempt
1,note
1,the
1,value
1,of
1,mapredworkoutputdir
1,during
1,execution
1,of
1,a
1,particular
1,taskattempt
1,is
1,actually
1,mapredoutputdirtemporarytaskid
1,and
1,this
1,value
1,is
1,set
1,by
1,the
1,mapreduce
1,framework
1,so
1,just
1,create
1,any
1,sidefiles
1,in
1,the
1,path
1,returned
1,by
1,fileoutputformatgetworkoutputpath
1,from
1,mapreduce
1,task
1,to
1,take
1,advantage
1,of
1,this
1,feature
1,the
1,entire
1,discussion
1,holds
1,true
1,for
1,maps
1,of
1,jobs
1,with
1,reducernone
1,ie
1,reduces
1,since
1,output
1,of
1,the
1,map
1,in
1,that
1,case
1,goes
1,directly
1,to
1,hdfs
1,recordwriter
1,recordwriter
1,writes
1,the
1,output
1,key
1,value
1,pairs
1,to
1,an
1,output
1,file
1,recordwriter
1,implementations
1,write
1,the
1,job
1,outputs
1,to
1,the
1,filesystem
1,other
1,useful
1,features
1,submitting
1,jobs
1,to
1,queues
1,users
1,submit
1,jobs
1,to
1,queues
1,queues
1,as
1,collection
1,of
1,jobs
1,allow
1,the
1,system
1,to
1,provide
1,specific
1,functionality
1,for
1,example
1,queues
1,use
1,acls
1,to
1,control
1,which
1,users
1,who
1,can
1,submit
1,jobs
1,to
1,them
1,queues
1,are
1,expected
1,to
1,be
1,primarily
1,used
1,by
1,hadoop
1,schedulers
1,hadoop
1,comes
1,configured
1,with
1,a
1,single
1,mandatory
1,queue
1,called
1,default
1,queue
1,names
1,are
1,defined
1,in
1,the
1,mapredqueuenames
1,property
1,of
1,the
1,hadoop
1,site
1,configuration
1,some
1,job
1,schedulers
1,such
1,as
1,the
1,capacity
1,scheduler
1,support
1,multiple
1,queues
1,copyright
1,©
1,the
1,apache
1,software
1,foundation
1,all
1,rights
1,reserved
1,page
1,mapreduce
1,tutorial
1,a
1,job
1,defines
1,the
1,queue
1,it
1,needs
1,to
1,be
1,submitted
1,to
1,through
1,the
1,mapredjobqueuename
1,property
1,or
1,through
1,the
1,setqueuenamestring
1,api
1,setting
1,the
1,queue
1,name
1,is
1,optional
1,if
1,a
1,job
1,is
1,submitted
1,without
1,an
1,associated
1,queue
1,name
1,it
1,is
1,submitted
1,to
1,the
1,default
1,queue
1,counters
1,counters
1,represent
1,global
1,counters
1,defined
1,either
1,by
1,the
1,mapreduce
1,framework
1,or
1,applications
1,each
1,counter
1,can
1,be
1,of
1,any
1,enum
1,type
1,counters
1,of
1,a
1,particular
1,enum
1,are
1,bunched
1,into
1,groups
1,of
1,type
1,countersgroup
1,applications
1,can
1,define
1,arbitrary
1,counters
1,of
1,type
1,enum
1,and
1,update
1,them
1,via
1,reporterincrcounterenum
1,long
1,or
1,reporterincrcounterstring
1,string
1,long
1,in
1,the
1,map
1,andor
1,reduce
1,methods
1,these
1,counters
1,are
1,then
1,globally
1,aggregated
1,by
1,the
1,framework
1,distributedcache
1,distributedcache
1,distributes
1,applicationspecific
1,large
1,readonly
1,files
1,efficiently
1,distributedcache
1,is
1,a
1,facility
1,provided
1,by
1,the
1,mapreduce
1,framework
1,to
1,cache
1,files
1,text
1,archives
1,jars
1,and
1,so
1,on
1,needed
1,by
1,applications
1,applications
1,specify
1,the
1,files
1,to
1,be
1,cached
1,via
1,urls
1,hdfs
1,in
1,the
1,jobconf
1,the
1,distributedcache
1,assumes
1,that
1,the
1,files
1,specified
1,via
1,hdfs
1,urls
1,are
1,already
1,present
1,on
1,the
1,filesystem
1,the
1,framework
1,will
1,copy
1,the
1,necessary
1,files
1,to
1,the
1,slave
1,node
1,before
1,any
1,tasks
1,for
1,the
1,job
1,are
1,executed
1,on
1,that
1,node
1,its
1,efficiency
1,stems
1,from
1,the
1,fact
1,that
1,the
1,files
1,are
1,only
1,copied
1,once
1,per
1,job
1,and
1,the
1,ability
1,to
1,cache
1,archives
1,which
1,are
1,unarchived
1,on
1,the
1,slaves
1,distributedcache
1,tracks
1,the
1,modification
1,timestamps
1,of
1,the
1,cached
1,files
1,clearly
1,the
1,cache
1,files
1,should
1,not
1,be
1,modified
1,by
1,the
1,application
1,or
1,externally
1,while
1,the
1,job
1,is
1,executing
1,distributedcache
1,can
1,be
1,used
1,to
1,distribute
1,simple
1,readonly
1,datatext
1,files
1,and
1,more
1,complex
1,types
1,such
1,as
1,archives
1,and
1,jars
1,archives
1,zip
1,tar
1,tgz
1,and
1,targz
1,files
1,are
1,un
1,archived
1,at
1,the
1,slave
1,nodes
1,files
1,have
1,execution
1,permissions
1,set
1,the
1,filesarchives
1,can
1,be
1,distributed
1,by
1,setting
1,the
1,property
1,mapredcache
1,filesarchives
1,if
1,more
1,than
1,one
1,filearchive
1,has
1,to
1,be
1,distributed
1,they
1,can
1,be
1,added
1,as
1,comma
1,separated
1,paths
1,the
1,properties
1,can
1,also
1,be
1,set
1,by
1,apis
1,distributedcacheaddcachefileuriconf
1,distributedcacheaddcachearchiveuriconf
1,and
1,distributedcachesetcachefilesurisconf
1,distributedcachesetcachearchivesurisconf
1,where
1,uri
1,is
1,of
1,the
1,form
1,hdfs
1,hostportabsolutepathlinkname
1,in
1,streaming
1,the
1,files
1,can
1,be
1,distributed
1,through
1,command
1,line
1,option
1,cachefilecachearchive
1,copyright
1,©
1,the
1,apache
1,software
1,foundation
1,all
1,rights
1,reserved
1,page
1,mapreduce
1,tutorial
1,optionally
1,users
1,can
1,also
1,direct
1,the
1,distributedcache
1,to
1,symlink
1,the
1,cached
1,files
1,into
1,the
1,current
1,working
1,directory
1,of
1,the
1,task
1,via
1,the
1,distributedcachecreatesymlinkconfiguration
1,api
1,or
1,by
1,setting
1,the
1,configuration
1,property
1,mapredcreatesymlink
1,as
1,yes
1,the
1,distributedcache
1,will
1,use
1,the
1,fragment
1,of
1,the
1,uri
1,as
1,the
1,name
1,of
1,the
1,symlink
1,for
1,example
1,the
1,uri
1,hdfsnamenodeport
1,libso1libso
1,will
1,have
1,the
1,symlink
1,name
1,as
1,libso
1,in
1,tasks
1,cwd
1,for
1,the
1,file
1,libso1
1,in
1,distributed
1,cache
1,the
1,distributedcache
1,can
1,also
1,be
1,used
1,as
1,a
1,rudimentary
1,software
1,distribution
1,mechanism
1,for
1,use
1,in
1,the
1,map
1,andor
1,reduce
1,tasks
1,it
1,can
1,be
1,used
1,to
1,distribute
1,both
1,jars
1,and
1,native
1,libraries
1,the
1,distributedcacheaddarchivetoclasspathpath
1,configuration
1,or
1,distributedcacheaddfiletoclasspathpath
1,configuration
1,api
1,can
1,be
1,used
1,to
1,cache
1,files
1,jars
1,and
1,also
1,add
1,them
1,to
1,the
1,classpath
1,of
1,childjvm
1,the
1,same
1,can
1,be
1,done
1,by
1,setting
1,the
1,configuration
1,properties
1,mapredjobclasspathfilesarchives
1,similarly
1,the
1,cached
1,files
1,that
1,are
1,symlinked
1,into
1,the
1,working
1,directory
1,of
1,the
1,task
1,can
1,be
1,used
1,to
1,distribute
1,native
1,libraries
1,and
1,load
1,them
1,private
1,and
1,public
1,distributedcache
1,files
1,distributedcache
1,files
1,can
1,be
1,private
1,or
1,public
1,that
1,determines
1,how
1,they
1,can
1,be
1,shared
1,on
1,the
1,slave
1,nodes
1,private
1,distributedcache
1,files
1,are
1,cached
1,in
1,a
1,local
1,directory
1,private
1,to
1,the
1,user
1,whose
1,jobs
1,need
1,these
1,files
1,these
1,files
1,are
1,shared
1,by
1,all
1,tasks
1,and
1,jobs
1,of
1,the
1,specific
1,user
1,only
1,and
1,cannot
1,be
1,accessed
1,by
1,jobs
1,of
1,other
1,users
1,on
1,the
1,slaves
1,a
1,distributedcache
1,file
1,becomes
1,private
1,by
1,virtue
1,of
1,its
1,permissions
1,on
1,the
1,file
1,system
1,where
1,the
1,files
1,are
1,uploaded
1,typically
1,hdfs
1,if
1,the
1,file
1,has
1,no
1,world
1,readable
1,access
1,or
1,if
1,the
1,directory
1,path
1,leading
1,to
1,the
1,file
1,has
1,no
1,world
1,executable
1,access
1,for
1,lookup
1,then
1,the
1,file
1,becomes
1,private
1,public
1,distributedcache
1,files
1,are
1,cached
1,in
1,a
1,global
1,directory
1,and
1,the
1,file
1,access
1,is
1,setup
1,such
1,that
1,they
1,are
1,publicly
1,visible
1,to
1,all
1,users
1,these
1,files
1,can
1,be
1,shared
1,by
1,tasks
1,and
1,jobs
1,of
1,all
1,users
1,on
1,the
1,slaves
1,a
1,distributedcache
1,file
1,becomes
1,public
1,by
1,virtue
1,of
1,its
1,permissions
1,on
1,the
1,file
1,system
1,where
1,the
1,files
1,are
1,uploaded
1,typically
1,hdfs
1,if
1,the
1,file
1,has
1,world
1,readable
1,access
1,and
1,if
1,the
1,directory
1,path
1,leading
1,to
1,the
1,file
1,has
1,world
1,executable
1,access
1,for
1,lookup
1,then
1,the
1,file
1,becomes
1,public
1,in
1,other
1,words
1,if
1,the
1,user
1,intends
1,to
1,make
1,a
1,file
1,publicly
1,available
1,to
1,all
1,users
1,the
1,file
1,permissions
1,must
1,be
1,set
1,to
1,be
1,world
1,readable
1,and
1,the
1,directory
1,permissions
1,on
1,the
1,path
1,leading
1,to
1,the
1,file
1,must
1,be
1,world
1,executable
1,tool
1,the
1,tool
1,interface
1,supports
1,the
1,handling
1,of
1,generic
1,hadoop
1,commandline
1,options
1,copyright
1,©
1,the
1,apache
1,software
1,foundation
1,all
1,rights
1,reserved
1,page
1,mapreduce
1,tutorial
1,tool
1,is
1,the
1,standard
1,for
1,any
1,mapreduce
1,tool
1,or
1,application
1,the
1,application
1,should
1,delegate
1,the
1,handling
1,of
1,standard
1,commandline
1,options
1,to
1,genericoptionsparser
1,via
1,toolrunnerruntool
1,string
1,and
1,only
1,handle
1,its
1,custom
1,arguments
1,the
1,generic
1,hadoop
1,commandline
1,options
1,are
1,conf
1,configuration
1,file
1,d
1,propertyvalue
1,fs
1,localnamenodeport
1,jt
1,localjobtrackerport
1,isolationrunner
1,isolationrunner
1,is
1,a
1,utility
1,to
1,help
1,debug
1,mapreduce
1,programs
1,to
1,use
1,the
1,isolationrunner
1,first
1,set
1,keepfailedtaskfiles
1,to
1,true
1,also
1,see
1,keeptaskfilespattern
1,next
1,go
1,to
1,the
1,node
1,on
1,which
1,the
1,failed
1,task
1,ran
1,and
1,go
1,to
1,the
1,tasktrackers
1,local
1,directory
1,and
1,run
1,the
1,isolationrunner
1,cd
1,local
1,pathtasktrackertaskidwork
1,binhadoop
1,orgapachehadoopmapredisolationrunner
1,jobxml
1,isolationrunner
1,will
1,run
1,the
1,failed
1,task
1,in
1,a
1,single
1,jvm
1,which
1,can
1,be
1,in
1,the
1,debugger
1,over
1,precisely
1,the
1,same
1,input
1,note
1,that
1,currently
1,isolationrunner
1,will
1,only
1,rerun
1,map
1,tasks
1,profiling
1,profiling
1,is
1,a
1,utility
1,to
1,get
1,a
1,representative
1,or
1,sample
1,of
1,builtin
1,java
1,profiler
1,for
1,a
1,sample
1,of
1,maps
1,and
1,reduces
1,user
1,can
1,specify
1,whether
1,the
1,system
1,should
1,collect
1,profiler
1,information
1,for
1,some
1,of
1,the
1,tasks
1,in
1,the
1,job
1,by
1,setting
1,the
1,configuration
1,property
1,mapredtaskprofile
1,the
1,value
1,can
1,be
1,set
1,using
1,the
1,api
1,jobconfsetprofileenabledboolean
1,if
1,the
1,value
1,is
1,set
1,true
1,the
1,task
1,profiling
1,is
1,enabled
1,the
1,profiler
1,information
1,is
1,stored
1,in
1,the
1,user
1,log
1,directory
1,by
1,default
1,profiling
1,is
1,not
1,enabled
1,for
1,the
1,job
1,once
1,user
1,configures
1,that
1,profiling
1,is
1,needed
1,shehe
1,can
1,use
1,the
1,configuration
1,property
1,mapredtaskprofilemapsreduces
1,to
1,set
1,the
1,ranges
1,of
1,mapreduce
1,tasks
1,to
1,profile
1,the
1,value
1,can
1,be
1,set
1,using
1,the
1,api
1,jobconfsetprofiletaskrangebooleanstring
1,by
1,default
1,the
1,specified
1,range
1,is
1,user
1,can
1,also
1,specify
1,the
1,profiler
1,configuration
1,arguments
1,by
1,setting
1,the
1,configuration
1,property
1,mapredtaskprofileparams
1,the
1,value
1,can
1,be
1,specified
1,using
1,the
1,api
1,jobconfsetprofileparamsstring
1,if
1,the
1,string
1,contains
1,a
1,s
1,it
1,will
1,be
1,replaced
1,with
1,the
1,copyright
1,©
1,the
1,apache
1,software
1,foundation
1,all
1,rights
1,reserved
1,page
1,mapreduce
1,tutorial
1,name
1,of
1,the
1,profiling
1,output
1,file
1,when
1,the
1,task
1,runs
1,these
1,parameters
1,are
1,passed
1,to
1,the
1,task
1,child
1,jvm
1,on
1,the
1,command
1,line
1,the
1,default
1,value
1,for
1,the
1,profiling
1,parameters
1,is
1,agentlibhprofcpusamplesheapsitesforcenthreadyverbosenfile
1,s
1,debugging
1,the
1,mapreduce
1,framework
1,provides
1,a
1,facility
1,to
1,run
1,userprovided
1,scripts
1,for
1,debugging
1,when
1,a
1,mapreduce
1,task
1,fails
1,a
1,user
1,can
1,run
1,a
1,debug
1,script
1,to
1,process
1,task
1,logs
1,for
1,example
1,the
1,script
1,is
1,given
1,access
1,to
1,the
1,tasks
1,stdout
1,and
1,stderr
1,outputs
1,syslog
1,and
1,jobconf
1,the
1,output
1,from
1,the
1,debug
1,scripts
1,stdout
1,and
1,stderr
1,is
1,displayed
1,on
1,the
1,console
1,diagnostics
1,and
1,also
1,as
1,part
1,of
1,the
1,job
1,ui
1,in
1,the
1,following
1,sections
1,we
1,discuss
1,how
1,to
1,submit
1,a
1,debug
1,script
1,with
1,a
1,job
1,the
1,script
1,file
1,needs
1,to
1,be
1,distributed
1,and
1,submitted
1,to
1,the
1,framework
1,how
1,to
1,distribute
1,the
1,script
1,file
1,the
1,user
1,needs
1,to
1,use
1,distributedcache
1,to
1,distribute
1,and
1,symlink
1,the
1,script
1,file
1,how
1,to
1,submit
1,the
1,script
1,a
1,quick
1,way
1,to
1,submit
1,the
1,debug
1,script
1,is
1,to
1,set
1,values
1,for
1,the
1,properties
1,mapredmaptaskdebugscript
1,and
1,mapredreducetaskdebugscript
1,for
1,debugging
1,map
1,and
1,reduce
1,tasks
1,respectively
1,these
1,properties
1,can
1,also
1,be
1,set
1,by
1,using
1,apis
1,jobconfsetmapdebugscriptstring
1,and
1,jobconfsetreducedebugscriptstring
1,in
1,streaming
1,mode
1,a
1,debug
1,script
1,can
1,be
1,submitted
1,with
1,the
1,commandline
1,options
1,mapdebug
1,and
1,reducedebug
1,for
1,debugging
1,map
1,and
1,reduce
1,tasks
1,respectively
1,the
1,arguments
1,to
1,the
1,script
1,are
1,the
1,tasks
1,stdout
1,stderr
1,syslog
1,and
1,jobconf
1,files
1,the
1,debug
1,command
1,run
1,on
1,the
1,node
1,where
1,the
1,mapreduce
1,task
1,failed
1,is
1,script
1,stdout
1,stderr
1,syslog
1,jobconf
1,pipes
1,programs
1,have
1,the
1,c
1,program
1,name
1,as
1,a
1,fifth
1,argument
1,for
1,the
1,command
1,thus
1,for
1,the
1,pipes
1,programs
1,the
1,command
1,is
1,script
1,stdout
1,stderr
1,syslog
1,jobconf
1,program
1,default
1,behavior
1,for
1,pipes
1,a
1,default
1,script
1,is
1,run
1,to
1,process
1,core
1,dumps
1,under
1,gdb
1,prints
1,stack
1,trace
1,and
1,gives
1,info
1,about
1,running
1,threads
1,jobcontrol
1,jobcontrol
1,is
1,a
1,utility
1,which
1,encapsulates
1,a
1,set
1,of
1,mapreduce
1,jobs
1,and
1,their
1,dependencies
1,copyright
1,©
1,the
1,apache
1,software
1,foundation
1,all
1,rights
1,reserved
1,page
1,mapreduce
1,tutorial
1,data
1,compression
1,hadoop
1,mapreduce
1,provides
1,facilities
1,for
1,the
1,applicationwriter
1,to
1,specify
1,compression
1,for
1,both
1,intermediate
1,mapoutputs
1,and
1,the
1,joboutputs
1,ie
1,output
1,of
1,the
1,reduces
1,it
1,also
1,comes
1,bundled
1,with
1,compressioncodec
1,implementation
1,for
1,the
1,zlib
1,compression
1,algorithm
1,the
1,gzip
1,file
1,format
1,is
1,also
1,supported
1,hadoop
1,also
1,provides
1,native
1,implementations
1,of
1,the
1,above
1,compression
1,codecs
1,for
1,reasons
1,of
1,both
1,performance
1,zlib
1,and
1,nonavailability
1,of
1,java
1,libraries
1,more
1,details
1,on
1,their
1,usage
1,and
1,availability
1,are
1,available
1,here
1,intermediate
1,outputs
1,applications
1,can
1,control
1,compression
1,of
1,intermediate
1,mapoutputs
1,via
1,the
1,jobconfsetcompressmapoutputboolean
1,api
1,and
1,the
1,compressioncodec
1,to
1,be
1,used
1,via
1,the
1,jobconfsetmapoutputcompressorclassclass
1,api
1,job
1,outputs
1,applications
1,can
1,control
1,compression
1,of
1,joboutputs
1,via
1,the
1,fileoutputformatsetcompressoutputjobconf
1,boolean
1,api
1,and
1,the
1,compressioncodec
1,to
1,be
1,used
1,can
1,be
1,specified
1,via
1,the
1,fileoutputformatsetoutputcompressorclassjobconf
1,class
1,api
1,if
1,the
1,job
1,outputs
1,are
1,to
1,be
1,stored
1,in
1,the
1,sequencefileoutputformat
1,the
1,required
1,sequencefilecompressiontype
1,ie
1,record
1,block
1,defaults
1,to
1,record
1,can
1,be
1,specified
1,via
1,the
1,sequencefileoutputformatsetoutputcompressiontypejobconf
1,sequencefilecompressiontype
1,api
1,skipping
1,bad
1,records
1,hadoop
1,provides
1,an
1,option
1,where
1,a
1,certain
1,set
1,of
1,bad
1,input
1,records
1,can
1,be
1,skipped
1,when
1,processing
1,map
1,inputs
1,applications
1,can
1,control
1,this
1,feature
1,through
1,the
1,skipbadrecords
1,class
1,this
1,feature
1,can
1,be
1,used
1,when
1,map
1,tasks
1,crash
1,deterministically
1,on
1,certain
1,input
1,this
1,usually
1,happens
1,due
1,to
1,bugs
1,in
1,the
1,map
1,function
1,usually
1,the
1,user
1,would
1,have
1,to
1,fix
1,these
1,bugs
1,this
1,is
1,however
1,not
1,possible
1,sometimes
1,the
1,bug
1,may
1,be
1,in
1,third
1,party
1,libraries
1,for
1,example
1,for
1,which
1,the
1,source
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1,at
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1,mapreduce
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1,the
1,apache
1,software
1,foundation
1,all
1,rights
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1,page
1,mapreduce
1,tutorial
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1,configuration
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1,genericoptionsparser
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1,demonstrates
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1,counters
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1,trademarks
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1,sun
1,microsystems
1,inc
1,in
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1,countries
1,copyright
1,©
1,the
1,apache
1,software
1,foundation
1,all
1,rights
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2,hadoop
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2,tutorial
2,hadoop
2,is
2,an
2,opensource
2,framework
2,that
2,allows
2,to
2,store
2,and
2,process
2,big
2,data
2,in
2,a
2,distributed
2,environment
2,across
2,clusters
2,of
2,computers
2,using
2,simple
2,programming
2,models
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2,designed
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2,scale
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2,servers
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2,thousands
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2,machines
2,each
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2,local
2,computation
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2,storage
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2,brief
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2,a
2,quick
2,introduction
2,to
2,big
2,data
2,mapreduce
2,algorithm
2,and
2,hadoop
2,distributed
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2,system
2,audience
2,this
2,tutorial
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2,been
2,prepared
2,for
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2,aspiring
2,to
2,learn
2,the
2,basics
2,of
2,big
2,data
2,analytics
2,using
2,hadoop
2,framework
2,and
2,become
2,a
2,hadoop
2,developer
2,software
2,professionals
2,analytics
2,professionals
2,and
2,etl
2,developers
2,are
2,the
2,key
2,beneficiaries
2,of
2,this
2,course
2,prerequisites
2,before
2,you
2,start
2,proceeding
2,with
2,this
2,tutorial
2,we
2,assume
2,that
2,you
2,have
2,prior
2,exposure
2,to
2,core
2,java
2,database
2,concepts
2,and
2,any
2,of
2,the
2,linux
2,operating
2,system
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2,copyright
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2,point
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2,pvt
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2,all
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2,content
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2,graphics
2,published
2,in
2,this
2,ebook
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2,the
2,property
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2,point
2,i
2,pvt
2,ltd
2,the
2,user
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2,this
2,ebook
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2,prohibited
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2,part
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2,contents
2,of
2,this
2,ebook
2,in
2,any
2,manner
2,without
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2,publisher
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2,update
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2,contents
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2,our
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2,tutorials
2,as
2,timely
2,and
2,as
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2,possible
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2,contents
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2,contain
2,inaccuracies
2,or
2,errors
2,tutorials
2,point
2,i
2,pvt
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2,guarantee
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2,accuracy
2,timeliness
2,or
2,completeness
2,of
2,our
2,website
2,or
2,its
2,contents
2,including
2,this
2,tutorial
2,if
2,you
2,discover
2,any
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2,on
2,our
2,website
2,or
2,in
2,this
2,tutorial
2,please
2,notify
2,us
2,at
2,contacttutorialspointcom
2,i
2,hadoop
2,table
2,of
2,contents
2,about
2,this
2,tutorial
2,i
2,audience
2,i
2,prerequisites
2,i
2,copyright
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2,table
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2,contents
2,ii
2,hadoop
2,─
2,big
2,data
2,overview
2,what
2,is
2,big
2,data
2,what
2,comes
2,under
2,big
2,data
2,benefits
2,of
2,big
2,data
2,big
2,data
2,technologies
2,operational
2,vs
2,analytical
2,systems
2,big
2,data
2,challenges
2,hadoop
2,─
2,big
2,data
2,solutions
2,traditional
2,enterprise
2,approach
2,google’s
2,solution
2,hadoop
2,hadoop
2,─
2,introduction
2,hadoop
2,architecture
2,mapreduce
2,hadoop
2,distributed
2,file
2,system
2,how
2,does
2,hadoop
2,work
2,advantages
2,of
2,hadoop
2,ii
2,hadoop
2,hadoop
2,─
2,environment
2,setup
2,preinstallation
2,setup
2,installing
2,java
2,downloading
2,hadoop
2,hadoop
2,operation
2,modes
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2,standalone
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2,installing
2,hadoop
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2,pseudo
2,distributed
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2,verifying
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2,installation
2,hadoop
2,─
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2,overview
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2,hdfs
2,architecture
2,goals
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2,hdfs
2,hadoop
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2,operations
2,starting
2,hdfs
2,listing
2,files
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2,inserting
2,data
2,into
2,hdfs
2,retrieving
2,data
2,from
2,hdfs
2,shutting
2,down
2,the
2,hdfs
2,hadoop
2,─
2,command
2,reference
2,hdfs
2,command
2,reference
2,hadoop
2,─
2,mapreduce
2,what
2,is
2,mapreduce
2,the
2,algorithm
2,inputs
2,and
2,outputs
2,java
2,perspective
2,iii
2,hadoop
2,terminology
2,example
2,scenario
2,compilation
2,and
2,execution
2,of
2,process
2,units
2,program
2,important
2,commands
2,how
2,to
2,interact
2,with
2,mapreduce
2,jobs
2,hadoop
2,─
2,streaming
2,example
2,using
2,python
2,how
2,streaming
2,works
2,important
2,commands
2,hadoop
2,─
2,multinode
2,cluster
2,installing
2,java
2,creating
2,user
2,account
2,mapping
2,the
2,nodes
2,configuring
2,key
2,based
2,login
2,installing
2,hadoop
2,configuring
2,hadoop
2,installing
2,hadoop
2,on
2,slave
2,servers
2,configuring
2,hadoop
2,on
2,master
2,server
2,starting
2,hadoop
2,services
2,adding
2,a
2,new
2,datanode
2,in
2,the
2,hadoop
2,cluster
2,adding
2,a
2,user
2,and
2,ssh
2,access
2,set
2,hostname
2,of
2,new
2,node
2,start
2,the
2,datanode
2,on
2,new
2,node
2,removing
2,a
2,datanode
2,from
2,the
2,hadoop
2,cluster
2,iv
2,hadoop
2,hadoop
2,─
2,big
2,data
2,overview
2,“90
2,of
2,the
2,world’s
2,data
2,was
2,generated
2,in
2,the
2,last
2,few
2,years”
2,due
2,to
2,the
2,advent
2,of
2,new
2,technologies
2,devices
2,and
2,communication
2,means
2,like
2,social
2,networking
2,sites
2,the
2,amount
2,of
2,data
2,produced
2,by
2,mankind
2,is
2,growing
2,rapidly
2,every
2,year
2,the
2,amount
2,of
2,data
2,produced
2,by
2,us
2,from
2,the
2,beginning
2,of
2,time
2,till
2,was
2,billion
2,gigabytes
2,if
2,you
2,pile
2,up
2,the
2,data
2,in
2,the
2,form
2,of
2,disks
2,it
2,may
2,fill
2,an
2,entire
2,football
2,field
2,the
2,same
2,amount
2,was
2,created
2,in
2,every
2,two
2,days
2,in
2,and
2,in
2,every
2,ten
2,minutes
2,in
2,this
2,rate
2,is
2,still
2,growing
2,enormously
2,though
2,all
2,this
2,information
2,produced
2,is
2,meaningful
2,and
2,can
2,be
2,useful
2,when
2,processed
2,it
2,is
2,being
2,neglected
2,what
2,is
2,big
2,data
2,big
2,data
2,is
2,a
2,collection
2,of
2,large
2,datasets
2,that
2,cannot
2,be
2,processed
2,using
2,traditional
2,computing
2,techniques
2,it
2,is
2,not
2,a
2,single
2,technique
2,or
2,a
2,tool
2,rather
2,it
2,involves
2,many
2,areas
2,of
2,business
2,and
2,technology
2,what
2,comes
2,under
2,big
2,data
2,big
2,data
2,involves
2,the
2,data
2,produced
2,by
2,different
2,devices
2,and
2,applications
2,given
2,below
2,are
2,some
2,of
2,the
2,fields
2,that
2,come
2,under
2,the
2,umbrella
2,of
2,big
2,data
2,
2,black
2,box
2,data
2,it
2,is
2,a
2,component
2,of
2,helicopter
2,airplanes
2,and
2,jets
2,etc
2,it
2,captures
2,voices
2,of
2,the
2,flight
2,crew
2,recordings
2,of
2,microphones
2,and
2,earphones
2,and
2,the
2,performance
2,information
2,of
2,the
2,aircraft
2,
2,social
2,media
2,data
2,social
2,media
2,such
2,as
2,facebook
2,and
2,twitter
2,hold
2,information
2,and
2,the
2,views
2,posted
2,by
2,millions
2,of
2,people
2,across
2,the
2,globe
2,
2,stock
2,exchange
2,data
2,the
2,stock
2,exchange
2,data
2,holds
2,information
2,about
2,the
2,‘buy’
2,and
2,‘sell’
2,decisions
2,made
2,on
2,a
2,share
2,of
2,different
2,companies
2,made
2,by
2,the
2,customers
2,
2,power
2,grid
2,data
2,the
2,power
2,grid
2,data
2,holds
2,information
2,consumed
2,by
2,a
2,particular
2,node
2,with
2,respect
2,to
2,a
2,base
2,station
2,
2,transport
2,data
2,transport
2,data
2,includes
2,model
2,capacity
2,distance
2,and
2,availability
2,of
2,a
2,vehicle
2,
2,search
2,engine
2,data
2,search
2,engines
2,retrieve
2,lots
2,of
2,data
2,from
2,different
2,databases
2,hadoop
2,thus
2,big
2,data
2,includes
2,huge
2,volume
2,high
2,velocity
2,and
2,extensible
2,variety
2,of
2,data
2,the
2,data
2,in
2,it
2,will
2,be
2,of
2,three
2,types
2,
2,structured
2,data
2,relational
2,data
2,
2,semi
2,structured
2,data
2,xml
2,data
2,
2,unstructured
2,data
2,word
2,pdf
2,text
2,media
2,logs
2,benefits
2,of
2,big
2,data
2,
2,using
2,the
2,information
2,kept
2,in
2,the
2,social
2,network
2,like
2,facebook
2,the
2,marketing
2,agencies
2,are
2,learning
2,about
2,the
2,response
2,for
2,their
2,campaigns
2,promotions
2,and
2,other
2,advertising
2,mediums
2,
2,using
2,the
2,information
2,in
2,the
2,social
2,media
2,like
2,preferences
2,and
2,product
2,perception
2,of
2,their
2,consumers
2,product
2,companies
2,and
2,retail
2,organizations
2,are
2,planning
2,their
2,production
2,
2,using
2,the
2,data
2,regarding
2,the
2,previous
2,medical
2,history
2,of
2,patients
2,hospitals
2,are
2,providing
2,better
2,and
2,quick
2,service
2,big
2,data
2,technologies
2,big
2,data
2,technologies
2,are
2,important
2,in
2,providing
2,more
2,accurate
2,analysis
2,which
2,may
2,lead
2,to
2,more
2,concrete
2,decisionmaking
2,resulting
2,in
2,greater
2,operational
2,efficiencies
2,cost
2,reductions
2,and
2,reduced
2,risks
2,for
2,the
2,business
2,hadoop
2,to
2,harness
2,the
2,power
2,of
2,big
2,data
2,you
2,would
2,require
2,an
2,infrastructure
2,that
2,can
2,manage
2,and
2,process
2,huge
2,volumes
2,of
2,structured
2,and
2,unstructured
2,data
2,in
2,realtime
2,and
2,can
2,protect
2,data
2,privacy
2,and
2,security
2,there
2,are
2,various
2,technologies
2,in
2,the
2,market
2,from
2,different
2,vendors
2,including
2,amazon
2,ibm
2,microsoft
2,etc
2,to
2,handle
2,big
2,data
2,while
2,looking
2,into
2,the
2,technologies
2,that
2,handle
2,big
2,data
2,we
2,examine
2,the
2,following
2,two
2,classes
2,of
2,technology
2,operational
2,big
2,data
2,these
2,include
2,systems
2,like
2,mongodb
2,that
2,provide
2,operational
2,capabilities
2,for
2,realtime
2,interactive
2,workloads
2,where
2,data
2,is
2,primarily
2,captured
2,and
2,stored
2,nosql
2,big
2,data
2,systems
2,are
2,designed
2,to
2,take
2,advantage
2,of
2,new
2,cloud
2,computing
2,architectures
2,that
2,have
2,emerged
2,over
2,the
2,past
2,decade
2,to
2,allow
2,massive
2,computations
2,to
2,be
2,run
2,inexpensively
2,and
2,efficiently
2,this
2,makes
2,operational
2,big
2,data
2,workloads
2,much
2,easier
2,to
2,manage
2,cheaper
2,and
2,faster
2,to
2,implement
2,some
2,nosql
2,systems
2,can
2,provide
2,insights
2,into
2,patterns
2,and
2,trends
2,based
2,on
2,realtime
2,data
2,with
2,minimal
2,coding
2,and
2,without
2,the
2,need
2,for
2,data
2,scientists
2,and
2,additional
2,infrastructure
2,analytical
2,big
2,data
2,these
2,includes
2,systems
2,like
2,massively
2,parallel
2,processing
2,mpp
2,database
2,systems
2,and
2,mapreduce
2,that
2,provide
2,analytical
2,capabilities
2,for
2,retrospective
2,and
2,complex
2,analysis
2,that
2,may
2,touch
2,most
2,or
2,all
2,of
2,the
2,data
2,mapreduce
2,provides
2,a
2,new
2,method
2,of
2,analyzing
2,data
2,that
2,is
2,complementary
2,to
2,the
2,capabilities
2,provided
2,by
2,sql
2,and
2,a
2,system
2,based
2,on
2,mapreduce
2,that
2,can
2,be
2,scaled
2,up
2,from
2,single
2,servers
2,to
2,thousands
2,of
2,high
2,and
2,low
2,end
2,machines
2,these
2,two
2,classes
2,of
2,technology
2,are
2,complementary
2,and
2,frequently
2,deployed
2,together
2,operational
2,vs
2,analytical
2,systems
2,operational
2,analytical
2,latency
2,ms
2,ms
2,min
2,min
2,concurrency
2,access
2,pattern
2,writes
2,and
2,reads
2,reads
2,queries
2,selective
2,unselective
2,hadoop
2,data
2,scope
2,operational
2,retrospective
2,end
2,user
2,customer
2,data
2,scientist
2,technology
2,nosql
2,mapreduce
2,mpp
2,database
2,big
2,data
2,challenges
2,the
2,major
2,challenges
2,associated
2,with
2,big
2,data
2,are
2,as
2,follows
2,
2,capturing
2,data
2,
2,curation
2,
2,storage
2,
2,searching
2,
2,sharing
2,
2,transfer
2,
2,analysis
2,
2,presentation
2,to
2,fulfill
2,the
2,above
2,challenges
2,organizations
2,normally
2,take
2,the
2,help
2,of
2,enterprise
2,servers
2,hadoop
2,hadoop
2,─
2,big
2,data
2,solutions
2,traditional
2,enterprise
2,approach
2,in
2,this
2,approach
2,an
2,enterprise
2,will
2,have
2,a
2,computer
2,to
2,store
2,and
2,process
2,big
2,data
2,for
2,storage
2,purpose
2,the
2,programmers
2,will
2,take
2,the
2,help
2,of
2,their
2,choice
2,of
2,database
2,vendors
2,such
2,as
2,oracle
2,ibm
2,etc
2,in
2,this
2,approach
2,the
2,user
2,interacts
2,with
2,the
2,application
2,which
2,in
2,turn
2,handles
2,the
2,part
2,of
2,data
2,storage
2,and
2,analysis
2,limitation
2,this
2,approach
2,works
2,fine
2,with
2,those
2,applications
2,that
2,process
2,less
2,voluminous
2,data
2,that
2,can
2,be
2,accommodated
2,by
2,standard
2,database
2,servers
2,or
2,up
2,to
2,the
2,limit
2,of
2,the
2,processor
2,that
2,is
2,processing
2,the
2,data
2,but
2,when
2,it
2,comes
2,to
2,dealing
2,with
2,huge
2,amounts
2,of
2,scalable
2,data
2,it
2,is
2,a
2,hectic
2,task
2,to
2,process
2,such
2,data
2,through
2,a
2,single
2,database
2,bottleneck
2,google’s
2,solution
2,google
2,solved
2,this
2,problem
2,using
2,an
2,algorithm
2,called
2,mapreduce
2,this
2,algorithm
2,divides
2,the
2,task
2,into
2,small
2,parts
2,and
2,assigns
2,them
2,to
2,many
2,computers
2,and
2,collects
2,the
2,results
2,from
2,them
2,which
2,when
2,integrated
2,form
2,the
2,result
2,dataset
2,hadoop
2,hadoop
2,using
2,the
2,solution
2,provided
2,by
2,google
2,doug
2,cutting
2,and
2,his
2,team
2,developed
2,an
2,open
2,source
2,project
2,called
2,hadoop
2,hadoop
2,runs
2,applications
2,using
2,the
2,mapreduce
2,algorithm
2,where
2,the
2,data
2,is
2,processed
2,in
2,parallel
2,with
2,others
2,in
2,short
2,hadoop
2,is
2,used
2,to
2,develop
2,applications
2,that
2,could
2,perform
2,complete
2,statistical
2,analysis
2,on
2,huge
2,amounts
2,of
2,data
2,hadoop
2,hadoop
2,─
2,introduction
2,hadoop
2,is
2,an
2,apache
2,open
2,source
2,framework
2,written
2,in
2,java
2,that
2,allows
2,distributed
2,processing
2,of
2,large
2,datasets
2,across
2,clusters
2,of
2,computers
2,using
2,simple
2,programming
2,models
2,the
2,hadoop
2,framework
2,application
2,works
2,in
2,an
2,environment
2,that
2,provides
2,distributed
2,storage
2,and
2,computation
2,across
2,clusters
2,of
2,computers
2,hadoop
2,is
2,designed
2,to
2,scale
2,up
2,from
2,single
2,server
2,to
2,thousands
2,of
2,machines
2,each
2,offering
2,local
2,computation
2,and
2,storage
2,hadoop
2,architecture
2,at
2,its
2,core
2,hadoop
2,has
2,two
2,major
2,layers
2,namely
2,a
2,processingcomputation
2,layer
2,mapreduce
2,and
2,b
2,storage
2,layer
2,hadoop
2,distributed
2,file
2,system
2,mapreduce
2,mapreduce
2,is
2,a
2,parallel
2,programming
2,model
2,for
2,writing
2,distributed
2,applications
2,devised
2,at
2,google
2,for
2,efficient
2,processing
2,of
2,large
2,amounts
2,of
2,data
2,multiterabyte
2,datasets
2,on
2,large
2,hadoop
2,clusters
2,thousands
2,of
2,nodes
2,of
2,commodity
2,hardware
2,in
2,a
2,reliable
2,faulttolerant
2,manner
2,the
2,mapreduce
2,program
2,runs
2,on
2,hadoop
2,which
2,is
2,an
2,apache
2,opensource
2,framework
2,hadoop
2,distributed
2,file
2,system
2,the
2,hadoop
2,distributed
2,file
2,system
2,hdfs
2,is
2,based
2,on
2,the
2,google
2,file
2,system
2,gfs
2,and
2,provides
2,a
2,distributed
2,file
2,system
2,that
2,is
2,designed
2,to
2,run
2,on
2,commodity
2,hardware
2,it
2,has
2,many
2,similarities
2,with
2,existing
2,distributed
2,file
2,systems
2,however
2,the
2,differences
2,from
2,other
2,distributed
2,file
2,systems
2,are
2,significant
2,it
2,is
2,highly
2,faulttolerant
2,and
2,is
2,designed
2,to
2,be
2,deployed
2,on
2,lowcost
2,hardware
2,it
2,provides
2,high
2,throughput
2,access
2,to
2,application
2,data
2,and
2,is
2,suitable
2,for
2,applications
2,having
2,large
2,datasets
2,apart
2,from
2,the
2,abovementioned
2,two
2,core
2,components
2,hadoop
2,framework
2,also
2,includes
2,the
2,following
2,two
2,modules
2,
2,hadoop
2,common
2,these
2,are
2,java
2,libraries
2,and
2,utilities
2,required
2,by
2,other
2,hadoop
2,modules
2,
2,hadoop
2,yarn
2,this
2,is
2,a
2,framework
2,for
2,job
2,scheduling
2,and
2,cluster
2,resource
2,management
2,how
2,does
2,hadoop
2,work
2,it
2,is
2,quite
2,expensive
2,to
2,build
2,bigger
2,servers
2,with
2,heavy
2,configurations
2,that
2,handle
2,large
2,scale
2,processing
2,but
2,as
2,an
2,alternative
2,you
2,can
2,tie
2,together
2,many
2,commodity
2,computers
2,with
2,singlecpu
2,as
2,a
2,single
2,functional
2,distributed
2,system
2,and
2,practically
2,the
2,clustered
2,machines
2,can
2,read
2,the
2,dataset
2,in
2,parallel
2,and
2,provide
2,a
2,much
2,higher
2,throughput
2,moreover
2,it
2,is
2,cheaper
2,than
2,one
2,highend
2,server
2,so
2,this
2,is
2,the
2,first
2,motivational
2,factor
2,behind
2,using
2,hadoop
2,that
2,it
2,runs
2,across
2,clustered
2,and
2,lowcost
2,machines
2,hadoop
2,runs
2,code
2,across
2,a
2,cluster
2,of
2,computers
2,this
2,process
2,includes
2,the
2,following
2,core
2,tasks
2,that
2,hadoop
2,performs
2,
2,data
2,is
2,initially
2,divided
2,into
2,directories
2,and
2,files
2,files
2,are
2,divided
2,into
2,uniform
2,sized
2,blocks
2,of
2,128m
2,and
2,64m
2,preferably
2,128m
2,
2,these
2,files
2,are
2,then
2,distributed
2,across
2,various
2,cluster
2,nodes
2,for
2,further
2,processing
2,
2,hdfs
2,being
2,on
2,top
2,of
2,the
2,local
2,file
2,system
2,supervises
2,the
2,processing
2,
2,blocks
2,are
2,replicated
2,for
2,handling
2,hardware
2,failure
2,
2,checking
2,that
2,the
2,code
2,was
2,executed
2,successfully
2,
2,performing
2,the
2,sort
2,that
2,takes
2,place
2,between
2,the
2,map
2,and
2,reduce
2,stages
2,hadoop
2,
2,sending
2,the
2,sorted
2,data
2,to
2,a
2,certain
2,computer
2,
2,writing
2,the
2,debugging
2,logs
2,for
2,each
2,job
2,advantages
2,of
2,hadoop
2,
2,hadoop
2,framework
2,allows
2,the
2,user
2,to
2,quickly
2,write
2,and
2,test
2,distributed
2,systems
2,it
2,is
2,efficient
2,and
2,it
2,automatic
2,distributes
2,the
2,data
2,and
2,work
2,across
2,the
2,machines
2,and
2,in
2,turn
2,utilizes
2,the
2,underlying
2,parallelism
2,of
2,the
2,cpu
2,cores
2,
2,hadoop
2,does
2,not
2,rely
2,on
2,hardware
2,to
2,provide
2,faulttolerance
2,and
2,high
2,availability
2,ftha
2,rather
2,hadoop
2,library
2,itself
2,has
2,been
2,designed
2,to
2,detect
2,and
2,handle
2,failures
2,at
2,the
2,application
2,layer
2,
2,servers
2,can
2,be
2,added
2,or
2,removed
2,from
2,the
2,cluster
2,dynamically
2,and
2,hadoop
2,continues
2,to
2,operate
2,without
2,interruption
2,
2,another
2,big
2,advantage
2,of
2,hadoop
2,is
2,that
2,apart
2,from
2,being
2,open
2,source
2,it
2,is
2,compatible
2,on
2,all
2,the
2,platforms
2,since
2,it
2,is
2,java
2,based
2,hadoop
2,hadoop
2,─
2,environment
2,setup
2,hadoop
2,is
2,supported
2,by
2,gnulinux
2,platform
2,and
2,its
2,flavors
2,therefore
2,we
2,have
2,to
2,install
2,a
2,linux
2,operating
2,system
2,for
2,setting
2,up
2,hadoop
2,environment
2,in
2,case
2,you
2,have
2,an
2,os
2,other
2,than
2,linux
2,you
2,can
2,install
2,a
2,virtualbox
2,software
2,in
2,it
2,and
2,have
2,linux
2,inside
2,the
2,virtualbox
2,preinstallation
2,setup
2,before
2,installing
2,hadoop
2,into
2,the
2,linux
2,environment
2,we
2,need
2,to
2,set
2,up
2,linux
2,using
2,ssh
2,secure
2,shell
2,follow
2,the
2,steps
2,given
2,below
2,for
2,setting
2,up
2,the
2,linux
2,environment
2,creating
2,a
2,user
2,at
2,the
2,beginning
2,it
2,is
2,recommended
2,to
2,create
2,a
2,separate
2,user
2,for
2,hadoop
2,to
2,isolate
2,hadoop
2,file
2,system
2,from
2,unix
2,file
2,system
2,follow
2,the
2,steps
2,given
2,below
2,to
2,create
2,a
2,user
2,
2,open
2,the
2,root
2,using
2,the
2,command
2,“su”
2,
2,create
2,a
2,user
2,from
2,the
2,root
2,account
2,using
2,the
2,command
2,“useradd
2,username”
2,
2,now
2,you
2,can
2,open
2,an
2,existing
2,user
2,account
2,using
2,the
2,command
2,“su
2,username”
2,open
2,the
2,linux
2,terminal
2,and
2,type
2,the
2,following
2,commands
2,to
2,create
2,a
2,user
2,su
2,password
2,useradd
2,hadoop
2,passwd
2,hadoop
2,new
2,passwd
2,retype
2,new
2,passwd
2,ssh
2,setup
2,and
2,key
2,generation
2,ssh
2,setup
2,is
2,required
2,to
2,do
2,different
2,operations
2,on
2,a
2,cluster
2,such
2,as
2,starting
2,stopping
2,distributed
2,daemon
2,shell
2,operations
2,to
2,authenticate
2,different
2,users
2,of
2,hadoop
2,it
2,is
2,required
2,to
2,provide
2,publicprivate
2,key
2,pair
2,for
2,a
2,hadoop
2,user
2,and
2,share
2,it
2,with
2,different
2,users
2,the
2,following
2,commands
2,are
2,used
2,for
2,generating
2,a
2,key
2,value
2,pair
2,using
2,ssh
2,copy
2,the
2,public
2,keys
2,form
2,idrsapub
2,to
2,authorizedkeys
2,and
2,provide
2,the
2,owner
2,with
2,read
2,and
2,write
2,permissions
2,to
2,authorizedkeys
2,file
2,respectively
2,hadoop
2,sshkeygen
2,t
2,rsa
2,cat
2,sshidrsapub
2,sshauthorizedkeys
2,chmod
2,sshauthorizedkeys
2,installing
2,java
2,java
2,is
2,the
2,main
2,prerequisite
2,for
2,hadoop
2,first
2,of
2,all
2,you
2,should
2,verify
2,the
2,existence
2,of
2,java
2,in
2,your
2,system
2,using
2,the
2,command
2,“java
2,version”
2,the
2,syntax
2,of
2,java
2,version
2,command
2,is
2,given
2,below
2,java
2,version
2,if
2,everything
2,is
2,in
2,order
2,it
2,will
2,give
2,you
2,the
2,following
2,output
2,java
2,version
2,javatm
2,se
2,runtime
2,environment
2,build
2,17071b13
2,java
2,hotspottm
2,client
2,vm
2,build
2,250b02
2,mixed
2,mode
2,if
2,java
2,is
2,not
2,installed
2,in
2,your
2,system
2,then
2,follow
2,the
2,steps
2,given
2,below
2,for
2,installing
2,java
2,step
2,download
2,java
2,jdk
2,latest
2,version
2,x64targz
2,by
2,visiting
2,the
2,following
2,link
2,httpwwworaclecomtechnetworkjavajavasedownloadsjdk7downloads1880260html
2,then
2,jdk7u71linuxx64targz
2,will
2,be
2,downloaded
2,into
2,your
2,system
2,step
2,generally
2,you
2,will
2,find
2,the
2,downloaded
2,java
2,file
2,in
2,downloads
2,folder
2,verify
2,it
2,and
2,extract
2,the
2,jdk7u71linuxx64gz
2,file
2,using
2,the
2,following
2,commands
2,cd
2,downloads
2,ls
2,jdk7u71linuxx64gz
2,tar
2,zxf
2,jdk7u71linuxx64gz
2,ls
2,jdk17071
2,jdk7u71linuxx64gz
2,step
2,hadoop
2,to
2,make
2,java
2,available
2,to
2,all
2,the
2,users
2,you
2,have
2,to
2,move
2,it
2,to
2,the
2,location
2,“usrlocal”
2,open
2,root
2,and
2,type
2,the
2,following
2,commands
2,su
2,password
2,mv
2,jdk17071
2,usrlocal
2,exit
2,step
2,for
2,setting
2,up
2,path
2,and
2,javahome
2,variables
2,add
2,the
2,following
2,commands
2,to
2,bashrc
2,file
2,export
2,javahomeusrlocaljdk17071
2,export
2,pathpathjavahomebin
2,now
2,apply
2,all
2,the
2,changes
2,into
2,the
2,current
2,running
2,system
2,source
2,bashrc
2,step
2,use
2,the
2,following
2,commands
2,to
2,configure
2,java
2,alternatives
2,alternatives
2,install
2,usrbinjava
2,java
2,usrlocaljavabinjava
2,alternatives
2,install
2,usrbinjavac
2,javac
2,usrlocaljavabinjavac
2,alternatives
2,install
2,usrbinjar
2,jar
2,usrlocaljavabinjar
2,alternatives
2,set
2,java
2,usrlocaljavabinjava
2,alternatives
2,set
2,javac
2,usrlocaljavabinjavac
2,alternatives
2,set
2,jar
2,usrlocaljavabinjar
2,now
2,verify
2,the
2,installation
2,using
2,the
2,command
2,java
2,version
2,from
2,the
2,terminal
2,as
2,explained
2,above
2,downloading
2,hadoop
2,download
2,and
2,extract
2,hadoop
2,from
2,apache
2,software
2,foundation
2,using
2,the
2,following
2,commands
2,su
2,hadoop
2,password
2,cd
2,usrlocal
2,wget
2,httpapacheclazorghadoopcommonhadoop241
2,hadoop241targz
2,tar
2,xzf
2,hadoop241targz
2,mv
2,hadoop241
2,to
2,hadoop
2,exit
2,hadoop
2,operation
2,modes
2,once
2,you
2,have
2,downloaded
2,hadoop
2,you
2,can
2,operate
2,your
2,hadoop
2,cluster
2,in
2,one
2,of
2,the
2,three
2,supported
2,modes
2,
2,localstandalone
2,mode
2,after
2,downloading
2,hadoop
2,in
2,your
2,system
2,by
2,default
2,it
2,is
2,configured
2,in
2,a
2,standalone
2,mode
2,and
2,can
2,be
2,run
2,as
2,a
2,single
2,java
2,process
2,
2,pseudo
2,distributed
2,mode
2,it
2,is
2,a
2,distributed
2,simulation
2,on
2,single
2,machine
2,each
2,hadoop
2,daemon
2,such
2,as
2,hdfs
2,yarn
2,mapreduce
2,etc
2,will
2,run
2,as
2,a
2,separate
2,java
2,process
2,this
2,mode
2,is
2,useful
2,for
2,development
2,
2,fully
2,distributed
2,mode
2,this
2,mode
2,is
2,fully
2,distributed
2,with
2,minimum
2,two
2,or
2,more
2,machines
2,as
2,a
2,cluster
2,we
2,will
2,come
2,across
2,this
2,mode
2,in
2,detail
2,in
2,the
2,coming
2,chapters
2,installing
2,hadoop
2,in
2,standalone
2,mode
2,here
2,we
2,will
2,discuss
2,the
2,installation
2,of
2,hadoop
2,in
2,standalone
2,mode
2,there
2,are
2,no
2,daemons
2,running
2,and
2,everything
2,runs
2,in
2,a
2,single
2,jvm
2,standalone
2,mode
2,is
2,suitable
2,for
2,running
2,mapreduce
2,programs
2,during
2,development
2,since
2,it
2,is
2,easy
2,to
2,test
2,and
2,debug
2,them
2,setting
2,up
2,hadoop
2,you
2,can
2,set
2,hadoop
2,environment
2,variables
2,by
2,appending
2,the
2,following
2,commands
2,to
2,bashrc
2,file
2,export
2,hadoophomeusrlocalhadoop
2,before
2,proceeding
2,further
2,you
2,need
2,to
2,make
2,sure
2,that
2,hadoop
2,is
2,working
2,fine
2,just
2,issue
2,the
2,following
2,command
2,hadoop
2,version
2,hadoop
2,if
2,everything
2,is
2,fine
2,with
2,your
2,setup
2,then
2,you
2,should
2,see
2,the
2,following
2,result
2,hadoop
2,subversion
2,httpssvnapacheorgreposasfhadoopcommon
2,r
2,compiled
2,by
2,hortonmu
2,on
2,20131007t0628z
2,compiled
2,with
2,protoc
2,from
2,source
2,with
2,checksum
2,79e53ce7994d1628b240f09af91e1af4
2,it
2,means
2,your
2,hadoops
2,standalone
2,mode
2,setup
2,is
2,working
2,fine
2,by
2,default
2,hadoop
2,is
2,configured
2,to
2,run
2,in
2,a
2,nondistributed
2,mode
2,on
2,a
2,single
2,machine
2,example
2,lets
2,check
2,a
2,simple
2,example
2,of
2,hadoop
2,hadoop
2,installation
2,delivers
2,the
2,following
2,example
2,mapreduce
2,jar
2,file
2,which
2,provides
2,basic
2,functionality
2,of
2,mapreduce
2,and
2,can
2,be
2,used
2,for
2,calculating
2,like
2,pi
2,value
2,word
2,counts
2,in
2,a
2,given
2,list
2,of
2,files
2,etc
2,hadoophomesharehadoopmapreducehadoopmapreduceexamples220jar
2,lets
2,have
2,an
2,input
2,directory
2,where
2,we
2,will
2,push
2,a
2,few
2,files
2,and
2,our
2,requirement
2,is
2,to
2,count
2,the
2,total
2,number
2,of
2,words
2,in
2,those
2,files
2,to
2,calculate
2,the
2,total
2,number
2,of
2,words
2,we
2,do
2,not
2,need
2,to
2,write
2,our
2,mapreduce
2,provided
2,the
2,jar
2,file
2,contains
2,the
2,implementation
2,for
2,word
2,count
2,you
2,can
2,try
2,other
2,examples
2,using
2,the
2,same
2,jar
2,file
2,just
2,issue
2,the
2,following
2,commands
2,to
2,check
2,supported
2,mapreduce
2,functional
2,programs
2,by
2,hadoopmapreduceexamples
2,220jar
2,file
2,hadoop
2,jar
2,hadoophomesharehadoopmapreducehadoopmapreduceexamples
2,220jar
2,step
2,create
2,temporary
2,content
2,files
2,in
2,the
2,input
2,directory
2,you
2,can
2,create
2,this
2,input
2,directory
2,anywhere
2,you
2,would
2,like
2,to
2,work
2,mkdir
2,input
2,cp
2,hadoophometxt
2,input
2,ls
2,l
2,input
2,it
2,will
2,give
2,the
2,following
2,files
2,in
2,your
2,input
2,directory
2,hadoop
2,total
2,rwrr
2,root
2,root
2,feb
2,licensetxt
2,rwrr
2,root
2,root
2,feb
2,noticetxt
2,rwrr
2,root
2,root
2,feb
2,readmetxt
2,these
2,files
2,have
2,been
2,copied
2,from
2,the
2,hadoop
2,installation
2,home
2,directory
2,for
2,your
2,experiment
2,you
2,can
2,have
2,different
2,and
2,large
2,sets
2,of
2,files
2,step
2,lets
2,start
2,the
2,hadoop
2,process
2,to
2,count
2,the
2,total
2,number
2,of
2,words
2,in
2,all
2,the
2,files
2,available
2,in
2,the
2,input
2,directory
2,as
2,follows
2,hadoop
2,jar
2,hadoophomesharehadoopmapreducehadoopmapreduceexamples
2,220jar
2,wordcount
2,input
2,ouput
2,hadoop
2,end
2,of
2,ebook
2,preview
2,if
2,you
2,liked
2,what
2,you
2,saw…
2,buy
2,it
2,from
2,our
2,store
2,httpsstoretutorialspointcom