CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A. BACKGROUND OFTHE STUDY

The radish is an edible root vegetable of the Brassicaceae family that was

domesticated in Europe in pre-Roman times. They are grown and consumed throughout

the world. Radishes have numerous varieties, varying in size, color and duration of

required cultivation time. There are some radishes that are grown for their seeds;

oilseed radishes are grown, as the name implies, for oil production. The most commonly

eaten portion is the napi form tap root, although the entire plant is edible and the tops

can be used as a leaf vegetable. The bulb of the radish is usually eaten raw, although

tougher specimens can be steamed. The raw flesh has a crisp texture and a pungent,

peppery flavor, caused by glucosinolates and the enzyme myrosinase which combine

when chewed to form allyl isothiocyanates, also present in mustard, horseradish,

and wasabi.Radish is an annual herb widely grown for its edible fleshy, hot tasting roots

maybe red, white, or purple .Every part of the root or the plant can be used in different

ways. The leaves and the root are eaten raw in sala . Likewise,it can be cooked or mix

with meat to satisfactory attain its delicious taste. Aside from food, it is dried for juice

extraction.Radishes were probably native to China. It was developed from a live plant

that grows in the cooler region of Asia. It spread to the Mediterranean region before the

Greek era and was introduced into the new world early in the 16 th century. Radishes

grow in Asia ,Europe ,and America.It was the favorite of the ancient Egyptians, Greek ,

and Chinese.
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B. Statement of the Problem

This study is to determine the ability of Radish as a pesticide. Specifically it

sought to answer the following questions:

1. Can radish extract be used as a pesticide?

2. Can this be as effective as the other commercially available products with the same

purpose?

3. Can this be harmless to our health?

4. Can this be cheaper compared to other commercially available products with the

same purpose?

5. What is the effect of radish extract as pesticide on certain pests?

C. Significance of the Study

In this Investigatory project, the researchers would like to answer first all the question

and prove that this Radish Extract as Pesticide would be effective and efficient. The

effect of radish extract as radish extract as pesticide on certain pest would just all be all the same.

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D. Hypothesis

1. Radish extract pesticide cannot be used as a pesticide

2. There is no significant difference in using this natural pesticide from radish extract.

3. This Radish Extract as pesticide is beneficial to the society.

4. Radish Extract as pesticide can boom in the economy

5. This Radish Extract will totally be the substitute to pesticide if time comes

E. Definition of terms

Clarity should be given emphasis on this Investigatory Project the following are the

terms that are used in the documentation of investigatory project:

Pesticide – substances or mixture of substances intended for preventing, destroying,

repelling or mitigating any pest Germination – process in which a plant or fungus

emerges from a seed or spore, respectively, and begins growth.

Pest – an animal which is detrimental to humans or human concerns

Radish – a plant known to have unique characteristics in which its extract can be used

as pesticide

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F. Scope and Limitation

In here, we can say that one of the limitations of the Investigatory Project is that pure

100% radish extract must be applied to aphid, worms, and ants to become an effective

pesticide. The output can be done by properly assembling it again.

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 CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATRE AND STUDIES

A.CONCEPTUAL LITERATURE

Radish, raphanaus sativus, belongs to the cabbage family, rissicacae. It is grown

for its freshly root, which varies in size for the new grams of popular red American and

European varities to the one or more kilograms of the Japanese white or draikon.

There are two kinds of radish, one is planted for its crops and the other for its leaves

and roots. Some varieties include Japanese radish a big and long late harvest radish;

and the china radish which is fine smooth and white. The latter is productive and has a

moderate length of time for harvest.(

http://highschoolprojects.blogspot.com/2007/12/pesticide-from-radish-extract.html.)

B.Research Literature

Radish (Raphanus sativus) is a food plant known worldwide. From antiquity it has

been used in folk medicine as a natural drug against many toxicants. Zearalenone (zen)

is a non-steroidal estrogenic mycotoxin present in corn and food mixture for farm

animals and it is hepatotoxic, hematotoxic, immunotoxic, nephrotoxic and genotoxic.

The objectives of the present study were to assess the biological activity of radish

extract and to evaluate the protective role of radish extract against the toxicity of zen in

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female Balb/c mice. Animals were divided into seven groups and treated orally for 10

days as follows: a control, an olive oil group, groups treated with radish extract alone (5,

10 and 15 mg kg(-1) b.w.), a group treated with zen (40 mg kg(-1) b.w.) and a group

treated with zen plus the lowest dose of radish extract. The results indicate that radish

extract improved the antioxidant status and had no significant effects on hematological

and biochemical parameters tested or histology of the liver and kidney.

.( http://highschoolprojects.blogspot.com/2007/12/pesticide-from-radish-extract.html.)

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 CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

A. RESEARCH DESIGN

The main objective of this study is to make a Radish Extract that would benefit

the people. Research has shown that various parts of the radish plant can be effective

in a number of pesticide.

B. MATERIALS

1. Mortar and Pestle 2. Empty Bottle Sprayer

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3. Clean cloth / katas

4. Knife

5. Bowl

C.PROCEDURES

1. Prepare all the materials needed

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2. Collect one kg. of radish tubers

` 3. Wash them to remove dirt

4. Slice into small pieces

5. Pound it by using a mortar and pestle

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6. Put in a clean cloth. Get the extract

7. Add enough amount of water to the extract

8. Place each mixture in a sprayer bottle and applied into aphid, ant, worm affected

sugar apple and guyabano plants.

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9. Try several trials to determine the more effective proportion.

10. Record your observation.

Prepare all Add

the Slice into enough
materials small amount of
needed pieces water to
the extract
Collect one kg
Wash Place each
. of radish Pound it by Put in a
them to mixture in a
tubers using a
remove clean sprayer Try Record your
mortar and
dirt cloth bottle and several observation.
pestle
.Get the applied into trials to
extract aphid, ant, determine
worm the more
affected effective
sugar apple proportio
and n.
guyabano
plants.

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 CHAPTER IV

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

A. FINDINGS

The following are the date obtained when the researchers perfomed the experimental

research.

TRIAL Amount of Pesticide Animal/Pest RESULTS

1 10% Ants The Ants are

still alive.

2 25% Ants The Ants

aren’t killed

that much.

3 50% Ants The Ants

aren’t killed

totally.

4 100% Ants The Ants

was killed.

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 B. INTERPRETATION:

The amount of pesticide from Radish Extract would obviously affect the result of

the experiment. (refer to Table 1.1) The researchers would like to explain each trial they

made. In the first trial, they just apply 10% of the pesticide and as what the results

show, the animal, specifically the ants wasn’t killed. On the next trial, again, it didn’t kill

the ants. So for on the next trial. But when we had our last trial, the researchers applied

100% of the pesticide and the ants were totally killed. It reveals that pure radish extract

is more effective rather that when water was added to it. It is 100% effective in worms

and ants, and 50% effective in ants. This shows that the radish extract is very effective

in killing certain pests.

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 CHAPTER V

A. SUMMARY

After several experimentations, we found out that pure 100% radish extract when

applied to aphid, worms, and ants is an effective pesticide. This pesticide can minimize

the number of people who used chemical found and to affect our health and

environment.

B. CONCLUSION

The project was successful and might be a big help to farmers especially in their

crops. A cheap and nonhazardous pesticide is not harmful to their crops. Radishes are

abundant in the Philippines so this might be a great business to those who want to have

a source of living. The project itself shows that there are no harmful effects of the

pesticide because it is completely organic and natural unlike those bought in the market,

artificial with chemicals.

C. RECOMMENDATIONS

We recommended a more experimentations about radish extract must be done to

improve the quality of the product. The researchers would like to recommend the people

who would do this project also that they need to have a thorough study about the study

of radish extract. In order to attain this investigatory project more productive and more

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possible, the researchers are asking if the people who would try this experiment could

see much better procedure and materials, make sure that it would work for the

beneficial of the group. Make sure that it is harmless to our health and most especially;

this must be cheaper compared to other commercially available products with the same

purpose

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

A. BOOKS

De Padua, Ludivina S.; Lugod, Gregorio C.; Pancho, Juan V.; Handbook of Philippine

Medical Plants Volume 1; College of Science and Humanities University of

Philippines Los Baños College, Laguna; Documentation and information Section

Office of the Director of Research, University of the Philippine, Los Baños; 1977

Maramba, Nelia P.; Saludez, Jerry D.; Guide Book on the Proper Use of Medicinal

Plants; Bicutan, Taguig Metro Manila; National Science and Technology Authority;

1982

Reyes, Angelica G.; Jovita G.; Santiago, Florenda I.; Philippine Plants; Philippine

Christian University, Dela Salle University; St. Paul College Manila; University of

the Philippine; 1985

B. INTERNET SOURCES

http://www.google.com.ph/

http://highschoolprojects.blogspot.com/2007/12/pesticide-from-radish-extract.html

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