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ELECTRICAL PRINCIPLES
(EET0113)
PRACTICAL HANDOUT
DIRECT CURRENT
( DC )
DIRECT CURRENT (DC) MARKS
PRACTICAL 1 OHM’S LAW / 50 MARKS
PRACTICAL 2 SERIES CIRCUIT ANALYSIS / 50 MARKS
PRACTICAL 3 PARALLEL CIRCUIT ANALYSIS / 50 MARKS
STUDENT
NAME :
GROUP
MEMBERS :
TTO
NAME :
REMARK :
2016
GMI Page 1 of 9
GERMAN-MALAYSIAN INSTITUTE ELECTRICAL PRINCIPLES
1 OBJECTIVE
2 INTRODUCTION
Ohm’s Law is expressed in three equivalent forms depending on which quantity needs to be determined.
Current and Voltage are linearly proportional while Current and Resistance are inversely proportional.
= = =
4 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
Figure 1
5 PROCEDURE
1) Construct the circuit as in Figure 1. Make sure the connections to measure current and voltage are correct.
2) Vary the DC supply according to Table 1.
3) Measure the current flow in every resistor and record in Table 1.
4) Calculate the theoretical current and record in Table 1.
5) Repeat Step 2 to Step 4 for a different DC supply.
6) Plot a graph of Voltage (V) against Current (I) for the 1 kΩ resistor. Used the measured values to plot
the graph. Calculate the slope of the graph.
2016
GMI Page 2 of 9
GERMAN-MALAYSIAN INSTITUTE ELECTRICAL PRINCIPLES
6 RESULT
Current (mA)
Voltage (V) Resistor (Ω)
Measured Calculated
100
2 470
1k
100
4 470
1k
100
6 470
1k
100
8 470
1k
100
10 470
1k
Table 1
/30 MARKS
7 DISCUSSION
/5 MARKS
8 CONCLUSION
/5 MARKS
2016
GMI Page 3 of 9
GERMAN-MALAYSIAN INSTITUTE ELECTRICAL PRINCIPLES
9 GRAPH
Plot a graph of Voltage (V) against Current (I)
/ 10 MARKS
2016
GMI Page 4 of 9
GERMAN-MALAYSIAN INSTITUTE ELECTRICAL PRINCIPLES
1 OBJECTIVE
2 INTRODUCTION
Series circuit form only one path for current to flow, therefore current flow through every resistor is the same.
= = = =⋯=
Series circuit implies Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (KVL) where the sum of all voltage drops across every resistor
is equal to the supply voltage (Vs).
= + + + ⋯+
The total resistance (RT) in the series circuit is equal to the sum of all resistances of every resistor in the circuit.
= + + + ⋯+
The total supply voltage is equal to the sum of all voltage drops across every resistor. Voltage Divider rule can
be used to calculate each voltage drop across the resistor.
= ( )
4 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
A B R1 C D
DC R2
R3
H G F E
Figure 1
2016
GMI Page 5 of 9
GERMAN-MALAYSIAN INSTITUTE ELECTRICAL PRINCIPLES
5 PROCEDURE
6 RESULT
4
Measured
10
Table 1
/16 MARKS
RESISTOR
DC
Supply 100 Ω 470 Ω 1 kΩ
(V)
2
Calculated
10
Table 2
/16 MARKS
2016
GMI Page 6 of 9
GERMAN-MALAYSIAN INSTITUTE ELECTRICAL PRINCIPLES
7 QUESTION
Show the calculation of voltage drop between points B-C, D-E and F-G by using
Voltage Divider Rule (VDR) when the DC supply is 6 V.
/9 MARKS
8 DISCUSSION
/6 MARKS
9 CONCLUSION
/3 MARKS
2016
GMI Page 7 of 9
GERMAN-MALAYSIAN INSTITUTE ELECTRICAL PRINCIPLES
1 OBJECTIVE
2 INTRODUCTION
A parallel circuit which is connected across a voltage supply has the same value of voltage across it, therefore
the voltage drop across every resistor is the same.
= = = =⋯=
Parallel circuit implies Kirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL) where the sum of all currents into a node is the same
as the current out of the node.
= + + + ⋯+
The total resistance (RT) in the parallel circuit is equal to the sum of all resistances of every resistor in the
circuit.
=
+ + +⋯+
Current Divider rule can be used to calculate each current flow through every resistor.
If circuit consists of only two branches, the formula below can be used
= ( ) = ( )
+ +
If more than two branches exist, the formula below can be used
= ( )
2016
GMI Page 8 of 9
GERMAN-MALAYSIAN INSTITUTE ELECTRICAL PRINCIPLES
4 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
Figure 1
5 PROCEDURE
6 RESULT
4
Measured
10
Table 1
/16 MARKS
RESISTOR Total
DC
Supply 820 Ω 1 kΩ 2.2 kΩ _________ Ω
(V)
2
Calculated
10
Table 2
2016 /16 MARKS
GMI Page 9 of 9
GERMAN-MALAYSIAN INSTITUTE ELECTRICAL PRINCIPLES
7 QUESTION
Show the calculation of current flow between points I-J, H-K and G-L by using
Current Divider Rule (CDR) when the DC supply is 6 V.
/9 MARKS
8 DISCUSSION
/6 MARKS
9 CONCLUSION
/3 MARKS
2016