Tools Used in Configuration Network and Computer System

Network Utilities
Ping
Traceroute/ Tracert/ Tracepath
IpConfig
Nslook
Whois
Nelstal
Finger
Post scan/ Nmap

Ping-The ping command sends ICMP echo request packets to a destination. For example, you could run ping
google.com or ping 173.194.33.174 to ping a domain name or IP address.

These packets ask the remote destination to reply. If the remote destination is configured to reply, it will respond with
packets of its own. You’ll be able to see how long the round-trip time is between your computer and the destination.
You’ll see a “request timed out” message if packet loss is occurring, and you’ll see an error message if your computer
can’t communicate with the remote host at all.

Tracer / Tracert/ Tracepath-The traceroute, tracert, or tracepath command is similar to ping, but provides information
about the path a packet takes. traceroute sends packets to a destination, asking each Internet router along the way
to reply when it passes on the packet. This will show you the path packets take when you send them between your
location and a destination.

IpConfig- The ipconfig command is used on Windows, while the ifconfig command is used on Linux, Mac OS X, and
other Unix-like operating systems. These commands allow you to configure your network interfaces and view
information about them.

Nslookup- The nslookup command will look up the IP addresses associated with a domain name. For example, you
can run nslookup howtogeek.com to see the IP address of How-To Geek’s server.Nslookup also allows you to
perform a reverse lookup to find the domain name associated with an IP address. For example, nslookup
208.43.115.82 will show you that this IP address is associated with howtogeek.com.

Whois- The whois command looks up the registration record associated with a domain name. This can show you
more information about who registered and owns a domain name, including their contact information.

Netstat- Netstat stands for network statistics. This command displays incoming and outgoing network connections as
well as other network information. It’s available on Windows, Mac, and Linux — each version has its own command-
line options you can tweak to see different types of information.

Finger- The finger command is old and is no longer widely used. In theory, this command allows you to view
information about users logged onto a remote computer. If the computer is running a finger service or daemon, you
can use the finger command on your computer to see who’s logged in on that remote computer, their email address,
and their full name. In practice, almost no computers are running a finger service you can connect to.

This utility was a cute idea in the early days of networking where you might want to see who was logged into the
other few computers on your university network, but it’s not suitable for a dangerous internet. You don’t want people
to see your full name and email address when you’re using a computer.
 Tools Used in Configuration Network and Computer System

Post scan / nmap- The nmap utility is a common tool used for port scans, but there are many utilities that can run this
sort of scan. A port scan is the process of attempting to connect to every port on a computer — ports 1 through
65535 — and seeing if they’re open. An attacker might port-scan a system to find vulnerable services. Or, you might
port scan your own computer to ensure that there are no vulnerable services listening to the network.

Computer System Configuration

Windows Memory Diagnostic

Resource Monitor
Performance Monitor
Computer Management and Administration
Advanced User Accounts and tool
Disk Cleanup
Group Policy Editor
Registry Editor
MsConfig
System Information

Windows Memory Diagnostic- Windows includes a Memory Diagnostic tool that can restart your computer and test
your memory for defects, like the popular MemTest86 application. If you want to check your computer’s memory for
errors, you don’t need a third-party tool — just open the Windows Memory Diagnostic tool.

Resource Monitor- The Resource Monitor application offers a detailed look at your computer’s resource usage. You
can view computer-wide CPU, disk, network, and memory graphics, or drill down and view per-process statistics for
each type of resource.

This means that you can see which processes are using your disk or network heavily, view which processes are
communicating with which Internet addresses, and more. The Resource Monitor provides much more detailed
resource statistics than the Task Manager does.You can launch the Resource Monitor by opening the Task Manager,
clicking the Performance tab, and selecting Resource Monitor. It can also be accessed by searching for Resource
Monitorat the Start menu or Start screen.

Performance Monitor- The Performance Monitor application allows you to collect performance reports and view them.
It can be used to log performance data over time, including determining how system changes affect performance, or
to monitor the performance of a remote computer in real-time.

Computer Management and Administration- The Performance Monitor is actually one of many Microsoft
Management Console (MMC) tools. Many of these can be found in the Administrative Tools folder, but they can be
opened in a single window by opening the Computer Management application. Among other things, this window
contains the following tools:

 Task Scheduler: A tool that allows you to view and customize the scheduled tasks on your computer, in
addition to creating your own custom scheduled tasks.
 Event Viewer: A log viewer that allows you to view and filter system events — everything from software
installation to application crashes and blue screens of death.
 Shared Folders: An interface that displays the folders shared over the network on your computer, useful for
viewing what folders are being shared at a glance.
 Tools Used in Configuration Network and Computer System

 Device Manager: The classic Windows Device Manager that allows you to view the devices connected to your
computer, disable them, and configure their drivers.
 Disk Management: A built-in partition manager you can use without downloading any third-party tools.
 Services: An interface that allows you to view and control the background services running in Windows.

Advanced User Account tool- Windows contains a hidden User Accounts utility that provides some options not
present in the standard interface. To open it, press WinKey+R to open the Run dialog, type either netplwiz orcontrol
userpasswords2, and press Enter.This window also contains a shortcut to launch the Local Users and
Groups tool, which offers more user management tasks, but can’t be used on Home or standard versions of
Windows.

Disk Cleanup- Windows’ Disk Cleanup utility isn’t quite as hidden as some of the other utilities here, but not enough
people know about it. It will scan your computer for files that can be deleted, from temporary files and memory dumps
to old system restore points and leftover files from Windows upgrades. It does the same job a PC cleaning
utility does, but it’s free and doesn’t try to extract any money from you. Advanced users may prefer CCleaner, but
Disk Cleanup does a decent job.

Group Policy Editor- The Group Policy Editor is only available on Professional or Ultimate editions of Windows, not
the standard or Home editions. It provides a wide variety of settings that are designed for use by system
administrators to customize and lock down PCs on their networks, but the local group policy editor also contains
some settings that average users might be interested in. For example, on Windows 8, the group policy editor can be
used to disable the lock screen and skip directly to the log-in screen.

Registry Editor- Sure, everyone knows about the registry editor — but it’s still hidden, with Microsoft not even
providing a Start menu shortcut to it. It must be launched by typing regedit into the Start menu or Start screen and
pressing Enter

MsConfig- The System Configuration window is another classic tool that many people know about. Prior to Windows
8, which features a startup-program manager built into its Task Manager, this tool was the only included way of
controlling startup programs on Windows. It also allows you to customize your boot loader, which is particularly useful
if you have multiple versions of Windows installed.

System Information- The System Information utility allows you to view information about the current computer —
everything from the model number of its CD-ROM drive to its attached peripherals, configured environment variables,
and startup programs. It doesn’t provide the slickest interface, nor does it provide all the information a third-party
system information tool like Speccy does, but it will display a lot of system information without forcing you to install
another program.

Windows firewall- is a software component of Microsoft Windows that provides firewalling and packet filtering
functions. It was first included inWindows XP and Windows Server 2003. Prior to the release of Windows XP
Service Pack 2 in 2004, it was known as Internet Connection Firewall.

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