Vous êtes sur la page 1sur 1

36

The Relation of Mothers’ Nutritional Status and Primary Teeth Dental Caries
Institution
Logo IWANY a
AMALLIAH , MUTHIA a
KHANSA , ANTON RAHARDJOa and RISQA RINA DARWITAa
aDepartment of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia
Correspondence: muthiakhansaa@gmail.com

INTRODUCTION Table 1. Distribution of sample characteristics


Indonesia, as a developing country, is still undergoing common n (%) Mean
nutritional problems. According to national health survey in 2013, Age
Child 30.0(6-59)
prevalence of chronic energy deficiency in pregnant women is Mother 30.4(5.6)
24.2%. Caries is the most prevalent dental caries. Primary dentition
Child gender
is developed during mothers’ pregnancy period. Thus, mothers’ Female 138(49.1)
nutritional status during pregnancy could determine the health of Male 143(50.9)
their children primary dentition. Mothers’ educational level
<Junior high 90(32.4)
OBJECTIVE High School-Diploma 170(61.2)
At least strata 1 18(6.5)
The aims of this study was to analyze the relationship between Mothers’ occupation
nutritional status of mothers during pregnancy period and dental Not working (housewives) 247(88.5)
caries of their children primary teeth. Working 32(11.5)

METHOD Table 2. Nutritional status and dental caries


The cross-sectional study was carried out as a health screening at 5 n (%) Mean
Posyandus in Beji and Tanah Baru Sub-district, Depok, West Java. Mother’s nutritional status Maternal mid-arm
Undernourished 64(22.8) circumference
335 mother-child pairs participated in this study. Information about
Normal 217(77.2) 25.3(SD2.9)
mothers’ nutrition during pregnancy were collected through the health
Child’s nutritional status Z Score height/age
book (Figure 1) and children’s dental caries were collected using deft Stunting 79(28.1) -1.16(-8.5 – 8.9)
through a clinical examination (Figure 2). Normal 202(71.9)
The ethical clearance approved by Universitas Indonesia Faculty of Child dental caries 2(0-20)
Dentistry Ethical Review Board prior to their use. Written informed Present 155(55.2)
consent was obtained from all mothers prior their enrollment. Free 126(44.8)

Table 3. Relation of mothers’ nutritional status and child’s dental caries

Dental Caries PR p
(95%) value
Present Free Total
Mother’s nutritional 1.85 .001
status 55(85.9) 9(14.1) 64(100) (1.5-2.2)
Undernourished 100(46.1) 117(53.9) 217(100)
Normal

Total 155(55.2) 126(44.8) 281(100)


Figure 1. Health book of mothers’ Figure 2. Clinical examination for children

RESULTS
281 out of 335 mother-child pairs were entered for analysis.
1. The children’ average age was 30 months and the mothers’
average was 30.4 years (Table 1). 90
2. Social background of the mothers’ were mostly moderate level on 85.9%
80
education (61.2%) and did not work (88.5%) (Table 1).
Mother's
3. The prevalence of mothers and children with poor nutritional 70 Nutritional
status were 22.8% and 28.1% (Table 2). Status during
4. Mean of maternal mid upper arm circumference considered 60 Pregnancy:
Prevalence (%)

normal (25.3 cm ± 2.9 cm) and mean of z-score height / age was 53.9% Undernourished
50
-1.16 (SD 1.9), which was also considered normal (Table 2). 46.1%
5. More than half of the children had dental caries (55.2%), with 40
average value of decay was 2, ranged from 0-20 teeth (Table 2). Normal
6. There was significant difference for dental caries in primary 30
dentition between mothers’ with poor and good nutritional status
20
(p < .001) (Table 3).
7. The proportion of children with primary dental caries whose 14.1%
10
mothers had poor maternal nutritional status compared to the
children whose mothers had good nutritional status was 85.9% to 0
Present Dental Caries Free Dental Caries
46.1% (Figure 3). Caries Conditions
8. Mothers’ poor nutritional status had risk of their children getting
caries 1.85 (95% CI: 1.5-2.2) times higher than those with good Figure 3. Relation of mothers’ nutritional status and child’s dental caries
nutritional status (Table 3).

DISCUSSION
 The mothers’ nutrition intake during pregnancy can effect the teeth growth process in the period of fetal growth because primary teeth
begim to form at 4th week of fetal growth and start the mineralization process at 12th week. This phase is a critical period because the
matrix apposition process of constructing structure of the primary teeth’s hard tissue is occurred.
 This study in Beji and Tanah Baru Sub-districted showed the result. The significant relation between mother’s nutritional status in
pregnancy and her child’s dental caries was very strong.
 Macronutrient and micronutrient have important role for primary teeth calcification. Vitamin A deficiency can affect the activity of
ameloblast cells in forming dental and email. Vitamin D is known to play role in regulation of metabolism of calcium and phosphorus that
is essential for the teeth. Deficiency of protein and calorie during pregnancy can cause salivary gland dysfunction and enamel hypoplasia
that can lead to caries.

Vous aimerez peut-être aussi