s1 E

h
as S
0t
Cl CB

Periodic Assessment
Solution of Sample Paper-1
MATHEMATICS
SECTION ‘A’
1. We know that
HCF × LCM = Product of two numbers
306 × 657
⇒ LCM = = 22338
9
Thus, LCM (306,657) = 22338 (1)
1
2. Here, a = 2 and d = –
2
So 10th term = a + 9d
1
= 2 + 9 (– )
9 2
= 2−
2
5
= − (1)
2
3. Lines representing a1x + b1 y + c1 = 0 and a2x + b2 y + c2 = 0 are coincident only when
a1 b c
= 1= 1
a2 b2 c 2
For the given equations, we have
6 −3 10
= ≠
2 −1 1
Thus, lines are not coincident. (1)
4. Since
PS PT
= , ST QR
SQ TR
[by converse of BP Theorem]
∠PST = ∠PQR (Corresponding Angles) ...(i)
Also, it is given that ∠PST = ∠PRQ ...(ii)
From (i) and (ii), ∠PQR = ∠PRQ
⇒ ∠Q = ∠R
⇒ DPQR is an isosceles triangle. (1)
5. We know that
P
OP ⊥ AP. 4 cm
So, in DOPA, r
OA2 = OP2 + AP2 O 5 cm A
⇒ OP2 = OA2 – AP2 = 52 – 42 = 25 – 16 = 9
2

⇒ OP = 9 = 3 cm.
Thus, the radius of the circle is 3 cm. (1)
6. x = 4 is a root of the given equation, 3x2 + px – 4 = 0
So, 3(4)2 + p (4) – 4 = 0
⇒ 48 + 4p – 4 = 0
⇒ 4p = – 44
⇒ p = – 11. (1)

SECTION ‘B’
7. The greater number which divides 70 and 125 leaving remainders of 5 and 8 respectively
is the HCF of 65(70 – 5) and 117(125 – 8)
By Euclid’s division lemma.
b = aq + r, 0 ≤ r < a
We have
117 = 65 × 1 + 52
65 = 52 × 1 + 13
52 = 13 × 4 + 0
So, HCF(65, 117) = 13.
Hence, 13 is the required greatest number. (2)
8. We have
6x2 – x – 2 = 6x2 + 3x – 4x – 2
= 3x (2x + 1) –2(2x + 1)
= (3x – 2) (2x + 1)
The roots of 6x – x – 2 = 0 are the value of x for which (3x – 2)(2x + 1) = 0
2

3x – 2 = 0 or 2x + 1 = 0
2 1
i.e. x= or x= −
3 2
2 1
Thus, the roots of 6x – x – 2 = 0 are
2
and − . (2)
3 2
9. Here
1 + sin A 1 + sin A 1 + sin A 1 + sin A
= × =
1 − sin A 1 − sin A 1 + sin A 1 − sin 2 A
1+ sin A
=
cos A
1 sin A
= +
cos A cos A
= sec A + tan A.
Hence, proved. (2)
10. We have 2x +y = 4
⇒ y = 4 – 2x
When x = 1, y = 4 – 2 × 1 = 4 – 2 = 2
When x = 0, y = 4 – 2 × 0 = 4 – 0 = 4
 3
Thus, we have the following table:
x 1 0
y 2 4
Plotting the points A (1,2) and B (0,4) on a graph paper and joining them, we get a line.
Now, on plotting the point (3,2) on the same graph paper
We find that this point does not lie on the straight line
Thus,
x = 3, y = 2 is not a solution of 2x + y = 4.
y

5
(0,4)
4

3
2)
2 (1, (3,2)

x
0 1 2 3 4 5

2x + y = 4 (2)
11. In DBCA, we have DE AC
So, by B.P. Theorem, we have
BE BD
= ...(i)
EC DA
In DBEA, we have DF AE
So, by B.D. Theorem, we have
BF BD
= ...(ii)
FE DA
From (i) and (ii),
BE BF
= (2)
EC FE
12. (x – 1 – x2) will be a factor of (3x2 – x3 – 3x + 2), when, using division algorithm, the
remainder comes out to be zero.
x–2
–x + x – 1 –x3 + 3x2 – 3x + 2
2

–x3 + x2 – x [Re-arrange the polynomials in descending

+ – + order of degrees of its terms]
2x2 – 2x + 2
2x2 – 2x + 2
– + –
0
Hence, (x – 1 – x2) is a factor of (3x2 – x3 – 3x + 2) (2)
4

SECTION ‘C’
13. tan(A + B) = 3 gives A + B = 60°
and
1
tan(A – B) = gives A – B = 30°
3
Solving the two, we have A= 45° and B = 15° (3)
OR
2 2
⎛ 1⎞ ⎛ 2 ⎞
5⎜ ⎟ + 4 ⎜ ⎟ − 1
2 2 2
5 cos 60° + 4 sec 30° − tan 45° ⎝ 2⎠ ⎝ 3⎠
2 2
= 2
sin 30° + cos 30° 2
⎛ 1⎞ ⎛ 3 ⎞
⎜⎝ ⎟⎠ + ⎜ ⎟
2 ⎝ 2 ⎠
5 16
+ −1
= 4 3
1 3
+
4 4
5 16
= + −1
4 3
15 + 64 − 12
=
12
67
= (3)
12

14. Let us assume, to the contrary, that 5 is a rational number

Then, there exists co-prime positive integers a and b such that:
a
5 = , (b ≠ 0)
b
So, a= 5b
Squaring both sides, we have
a2 = 5b2 ...(i)
⇒ 5 divides a2 ⇒  5 divides a
So, we can write
a = 5c, where c is any integer
Putting the value of a = 5c in (i), we have
25c 2 = 5b2
⇒ 5c 2 = b2
It means 5 divides b2 and so 5 divides b.
So, 5 is a common factor of both a and b, which is a contradiction.
So, our assumption that 5 is rational is wrong.
Hence, we conclude that 5 is an irrational number. (3)
 5

15. Area of quad. ABCD = Area of DABC + Area of DACD ...(i)

Now area (DABC) D(2, 3)
C(3, –2)
1
= ⎡ −4 ( −5 + 2 ) − 3 ( −2 + 2 ) + 3 ( −2 + 5)⎤⎦ sq units
2⎣
1 21
= [12 + 0 + 9] sq units, i.e. sq units. A(–4, –2)
2 2 B(–3, –6)
area (DACD)

1
= ⎡ −4 ( −2 − 3) + 3 (3 + 2 ) + 2 ( −2 + 2 )⎦⎤ sq units
2⎣
1 35
= [20 + 15 + 0] sq.units, i .e. sq units
2 2
From (i),
⎛ 21 35 ⎞
Area of quad. ABCD = ⎜ + ⎟ sq units i.e. 28 sq units. (3)
⎝ 2 2⎠
16. We need to find the HCF of (398 – 7), (436 – 11) and (542 – 15)
i.e., 391, 425 and 527.
First we shall find the HCF of 391 and 425.
Since 425 > 391, we shall start with 425 as dividend and 391 as divisor. We have
425 = 391 × 1 + 34
391 = 34 × 11 + 17
34 = 17 × 2 + 0
Thus, 17 is the HCF of 391 and 425
Now, we will find the HCF of 527 and 17.
527 = 17 × 31 + 0
Thus, 17 is the HCF of 527 and 17
Hence, the HCF of 391, 425 and 527 is 17
Thus, 17 is the required number. (3)
OR
The minimum number of bottles which the retailer should purchase in order that he
has a choice buying than in any type of boxes is the smallest number divisible by 64 and
144., i.e. LCM (64, 144).
64 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 i.e. 26
144 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 i.e. 24 × 32
\ LCM (64, 144) = 26 × 32 = 576.
LCM( 64 , 144 ) 576
Number of boxes of the first kind = = =9
64 64
LCM( 64 , 144 ) 576
Number of boxes of the second kind = = =4 (3)
144 144
 6
17. The given equations are
3(2x + y) = 7xy and 3(x+3y) = 11xy
6 3 3 9
⇒ + = 7 and + = 11.
y x y x
1 1
Let = p and = q . Then the two equations become
x y
3p + 6q = 7 ...(i)
and 9p + 3q = 11. ...(ii)
7 − 6q
From (i), p=
3
7 − 6q
Substituting p = in (ii), we have
3
⎛ 7 − 6q ⎞
9⎜ + 3q = 11
⎝ 3 ⎟⎠
   ⇒ 21 – 18q + 3q = 11
   ⇒ 21 – 15q = 11
   ⇒ 15q = 10
10 2
   ⇒ q= or
15 3
Substituting q = 2/3 in (ii), we get
2
9p + 3 × = 11
3
   ⇒ 9p + 2 = 11
   ⇒ 9p = 9 i.e. p = 1
1 1 2 3
Thus =1 i.e. x = 1 and = i.e. y =
x y 3 2
3
Thus, x = 1 and y = . (3)
2
OR
Let original number of persons be ‘x’, and the increased number of persons be ‘y’. Then,
according to the question,
y = x + 20 (i)
9000 9000
and − = 160 (ii)
x y
From (i) and (ii), we have
9000 9000
− = 160
x x + 20
⎡ x + 20 − x ⎤
9000 ⎢ ⎥ = 160
⎣ x ( x + 20) ⎦
⇒ x (x + 20) = 1125
⇒ x + 20x – 1125 = 0
2

⇒ (x – 25) (x + 45) = 0
 7
Either x – 25 = 0 or x + 45 = 0
Since x ≠ 45, x = 25
Thus, the original number of persons were 25. (3)
18. In Fig. 7,
quad . APS = quad . BPQ = quad . DSR = quad . CRQ
⇒ ar (quad . APS) = ar (quad . BPQ) = ar (quad. DSR) = ar (quad . CRQ)
1
= ⎡ π( 6 )2 ⎤⎦ sq cm
4⎣
= 9 p sq cm
= 28.26 sq cm. (1)
Thus, the area of the shaded region
= Area of square ABCD – 4 × ar(quad . APS) (1)
= 12 × 12 – 4 × 28.26
= 144 – 113.04
= 30.96 sq cm. (1)
19. Let the altitude of the triangle be x cm.
Then, base of the triangle is (x + 4) cm.
1
As, Area of a triangle = × base × height
2
1
Area = (x + 4)x
2
x( x + 4 )
i.e. = 48
2
⇒ x (x + 4) = 96
⇒ x + 4x – 96 = 0
2

⇒ x + 12x – 8x – 96 = 0
2

⇒ x (x + 12) –8 (x + 12) = 0
⇒ (x + 12) (x – 8) = 0
⇒ x = –12 or 8
But x = –12 is not possible (since the length stoned be +ve)
Therefore, x = 8 and hence, x + 4 = 12
Thus, the altitude is 8 cm and the base is 12 cm long.
20. Let a, b be the two zeroes of the quadratic polynomial.
Here, we have
1 1
a + b = – and ab =
4 4
Thus, the required polynomial is
p(x) = x2 – (a + b) x + ab
1 1
= x2 + x +
4 4
1
= (4x + x + 1)
2
4
A quadratic polynomial is 4x2 + x + 1 (3)
8
21. Graph of the equation 5y – x = 7
7+x
5y – x = 7 gives y =
5
Thus, the table of values for 5y – x = 7 is:

x 3 –2
y 2 1

Plot the points A (3, 2) and B(–2, 1) on a graph paper.

Draw a line passing through A and B.
Then, the line AB is the graph of 5y – x = 7.
Graph of the equation 3y – 5x = –9
5x − 9
3y – 5x = –9 gives y =
3
Thus, the table of values for 3y – 5x = –9 is:

x 0 –3
y –3 –8

Plot the points C(0, –3) and D(–3, –8) on the same graph paper.
Draw a line passing through C and D.
Then, the line CD is the graph of 3y – 5x = –9.

y
6

2 A
(–2, 1)
B (3, 2)
x
–8 –6 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 8 10
F
(–1, –1) –2
C (0, –3)
–4
E (1, –5)
–6

D –8
(–3, –8)
–10

Graph of the equation y + 2x = –3

y + 2x = –3 gives y = –2x –3

Thus, the table of values for y + 2x = –3 is:

x 1 –1
y –5 –1
 9
Plot the points E(1, –5) and F(–1, –1) on the same graph paper.
Draw a line passing through E and F.
Then, the line EF is the graph of y + 2x = –3.
From the graph, we observe that the three lines form DABC with vertices A(3, 2),
B(–2, 1) and C(0, –3). (3)
OR
The given equations are rewritten as:
2x + 3y – 7 = 0
and (a + b + 1)x + (a + 2b + 2) y – {4(a + b) + 1} = 0
The system of equation will have infinite number of solutions only when
2 3 −7
= =
a +b +1 a + 2b + 2 −{4( a + b ) + 1}

2 3 3 7
⇒ = and =
a +b +1 a + 2b + 2 a + 2b + 2 4 a + 4b + 1

⇒ 2(a + 2b + 2) = 3(a + b + 1) and 3(4a + 4b + 1) = 7(a + 2b + 2)

⇒ a – b – 1 = 0 and 5a – 2b – 11 = 0
⇒ a – b = 1 and 5a – 2b = 11
Solving the two equations simultaneously, we have
a = 3 and b=2
These are the required values. (3)
22. In DOPQ, P
∠OPQ + ∠OQP + ∠POQ = 180°
O
⇒ 2∠OPQ + ∠POQ = 180° ...(i) T
( ∠OPQ = ∠OQP) Q
Also, ∠PTQ + ∠POQ = 180° ...(ii)
( ∠P = ∠Q = 90°)
From (i) and (ii), we have ∠PTQ = 2∠OPQ (Proved) (3)
23. Given
cot θ + tan θ = x
We have
1 sin 2 θ 1
x= + tan θ = =
tan θ tan θ sin θ cos θ

and y = sec θ – cos θ gives

1 sin 2 θ
y= − cos θ =
cos θ cos θ
10
So
2/3 2/3
2 2/3 2 2/3 ⎛ 1 sin 2 θ ⎞ ⎛ 1 sin 4 θ ⎞
(x y ) − ( xy ) = ⎜ 2 . −⎜ . 2 ⎟
⎝ sin θ cos 2 θ cos θ ⎟⎠ ⎝ sin θ cos θ cos θ ⎠
2/3 2/3
⎛ 1 ⎞ ⎛ sin 3 θ ⎞
= ⎜ −⎜
⎝ cos3 θ ⎟⎠ ⎝ cos3 θ ⎟⎠
1 sin 2 θ
= −
cos 2 θ cos 2 θ
1 − sin 2 θ
= = 1. (4)
cos 2 θ
24. Here, we have
6x3 + 8x2 – 3x + 8 = (3x + 4) g(x) + (6x + 20)
⇒ g(x) = (6x3 + 8x2 – 3x + 8 – 6x – 20) ÷ (3x + 4)
= (6x3 + 8x2 – 9x – 12) ÷ (3x + 4)
Now, 2x – 3
2

3x + 4 6x3 + 8x2 – 9x – 12
6x3 + 8x2
– –
–9x – 12
–9x – 12
+ +
0
Hence, g (x) = 2x2 – 3. (4)
25. Given: A line divides two sides AB and AC of a DABC A
AD AE E
at points D and E respectively. such that =
DB EC D
To Prove: The line is parallel to the third side, i.e. BC
of DABC
Construction: Suppose that is not parallel to BC. Through B C
D, draw another line DF parallel to BC.
Proof: Since DF BC, by B.P. Theorem, we get
AD AF
=
DB FC
AD AE
Given =
DB EC

AF AE
=
FC EC
AF AE
⇒ +1= +1
FC EC
AF + FC AE + EC
⇒ =
FC EC
 11

AC AC
⇒ =
FC EC
⇒ FC = EC
But this is impossible unless F and E coincide, i.e. DF is the line itself
Hence, BC (4)
OR
Given: Two triangles ABC and DEF such that
∠A = ∠D, ∠B = ∠E and ∠C = ∠F
AC BC AC
To Prove: = = and DABC ∼ DDEF
DE EF DF
Construction: Mark a print P on the line AB and A
Q on the line AC such that AP = D
DE and AQ = DF. Join PQ.
Proof: In Ds APQ and DEF, P Q
AP = DE, AQ = DF and ∠A = ∠D
B C E F
So, by SAS congruence criterion,
⇒ DAPQ ≅ DDEF
⇒ ∠APQ = ∠E
But ∠B = ∠E (Given)
∠APQ = ∠B
Consequently, PQ BC
AP AQ
= [By B.P. Theorem]
AB AC
DE DF
⇒ = ...(i) [ AP = DE and AQ = DF]
AB AC
Similarly,
DE EF
= ...(ii)
AB BC
From (i) and (ii), we have
DE EF DF AB BC AC
= = or = =
AB BC AC DE EF DF
i.e. the sides of Ds ABC and DEF are proportional. (4)
Since corresponding angles given to be equal, we conclude that DABC ∼ DDEF.
26. The list of 2-digit numbers which when divided by 3 yield 1 as remainder is:
10, 13, 16, ..........., 97 ...(i)
It is clearly an AP with a = 10 and d = 3
Let 97 be its nth term. Then
a + (n – 1) = 97
⇒ 10 + 3(n – 1) = 97
12
⇒ 3(n – 1) = 87
⇒ n – 1 = 29
⇒ n = 30
Thus, there are 30 terms in the sequence (i)
Now
30
S30 = [ 2 × 10 + ( 30 − 1)( 3 )]
2
= 15 (20 + 87)
= 15 × 107
= 1605 (4)
OR
Let a be the first term and d be the common difference of the AP.
Then
Gives a4 + a8 = 24 and a6 + a10 = 44
(a + 3d ) + (a + 7d ) = 24 and (a + 5d ) + (a + 9d ) = 44
i.e. 2a + 10d = 24 and 2a + 14d = 44
Solving these two equations simultaneously, we get
4d = 20 i.e. d=5
and a = –13
Thus, the required AP is
–13, –8, –3, 2, 7, 12, .............. . (4)
27. From the figure, we get B
AX 20 Transmission
tan45° = =
PX PX Tower (h)
20 A
or 1=
PX Building
60° (20 m)
45°
X
P
⇒ PX = 20 m ...(i)
Also,
BX
tan 60° =
PX
20 + h
or 3 =
PX
20 + h
⇒ PX = ...(ii)
3
From (i) and (ii), we get
20 + h
= 20
3
h = 20( 3 − 1) m.
Hence, the height of the transmission tower is 20( 3 − 1) m. (4)
 13
28. The given pair of equations is
x y
+ =1 ...(i)
6 4
3x x − y 7
− = ...(ii)
4 2 4
Multiplying Eq. (i) by 12 (LCM of 6 and 4), we get
2x + 3y = 12 ...(iii)
Multiplying Eq. (ii) by 4 (LCM of 4 and 2), we get
3x – 2(x – y) = 7
i.e. x + 2y = 7 ...(iv)
From Eq. (iv)
x = 7 – 2y ...(v)
Substituting this value of x in Eq. (iii), we get
2 (7 – 2y) + 3y = 12
⇒ 14 – 4y + 3y = 12
⇒ y=2
From (v), we have
x = 3.
Thus, x = 3, y = 2 is the required solution
29. Let the speed of the stream be x km/h. Given that speed of motorboat in still water is
18 km/h. Then,
Speed of motorboat in upstream = (18 – x)km/h
Speed of motorboat in downstream = (18 + x)km/h
Distance travelled = 24 km
24
⇒ Time taken by motorboat to travel upstream = hours
18 − x
24
Time taken by motorboat to travel downstream = hours
18 + x
According to the question,
24 24
= +1
18 − x 18 + x
⇒ 24(18 + x) = 24(18 – x) + (18 – x)(18 + x)
⇒ 432 + 24x = 432 – 24x + 324 – x2
⇒ x2 + 48x – 324 = 0
⇒ x2 + 54x – 6x – 324 = 0
⇒ x(x + 54) – 6(x + 54) = 0
⇒ (x – 6) (x + 54) = 0
Either x – 6 = 0 or x + 54 = 0
⇒ x = 6 or x = –54
As x = –54 is not possible, so x = 6
Thus, the speed of the stream is 6 km/h. (4)
14
OR
1 2 4
+ = gives
x +1 x + 2 x +4
x + 2 + 2x + 2 4
=
( x + 1)( x + 2 ) x +4
3x + 4 4
i.e. =
( x + 1)( x + 2 ) x +4
⇒ (3x + 4)(x + 4) = 4(x + 1)(x + 2)
⇒ 3x + 12x + 4x + 16 = 4x2 + 12x + 8
2

⇒ x2 – 4x – 8 = 0
4 ± 16 + 32 4 ± 4 3
⇒ x= = =2±2 3 (4)
2 2
30. From DTAB, we have
h
= tan 45° = 1
TA
⇒ h = TA ...(i)
From DSAB, we have
h
= tan q
SA
B
⇒ SA = h cot q ...(ii)
From (i) and (ii), we have h
p = TS = TA – SA
= h – h cot q 45° q
A
T ← p → S
⇒ p = h (1 – cot q)
p p tan θ
⇒ h= =
1 − cot θ tan θ − 1

p tan θ
Thus, the height of the tower is . (4)
tan θ − 1
 s1 E
h
as S
0t
Cl CB

Periodic Assessment
Solution of Sample Paper-2
MATHEMATICS
SECTION ‘A’
13 13 13 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2
1. = =
3125 5 × 5 × 5 × 5 × 5 ( 5 × 2 ) × ( 5 × 2 )( 5 × 2 ) × ( 5 × 2 ) × ( 5 × 2 )
416
= 0.00416. (1)
105
2. Here,
1 k−4
α+ =
α 4
k−4
⇒ 1=
4
⇒ k–4=4 or k=8
3. Here,
D = (–k)2 – 4(2)(k)
For two equal roots, D=0
i.e. k – 8k = 0
2

⇒ k(k – 8) = 0
⇒ k = 0 or k – 8 = 0 i.e. k = 8
4. cos(20° + x) = sin 30° gives
cos(20° + x) = cos(90° – 30°) = cos 60°
⇒ 20° + x = 60°
⇒ x = 40°. (1)
5. As sum is 420, we have
n(n + 1) = 420
i.e. n = 20. ( 20 × 21 = 420) (1)
6. Let the two parts of 51 be x and 51 – x.
According to the question,
x (51 – x) = 378
⇒ x2 – 51x + 378 = 0
⇒ (x – 9) (x – 42) = 0
⇒ x – 9 = 0 or x – 42 = 0
Thus x = 9 or 42
So, two parts are 9 and 42. (1)
2

SECTION ‘B’
7. HCF of a and b = xy
LCM of a and b = x 2y 2 (2)
8. We know that in a triangle ABC,
∠A + ∠B + ∠C = 180°
⇒ ∠A + ∠B + 3∠B = 180°
or ∠A + 4∠B = 180° ...(i)
From 3∠B = 2 (∠A + ∠B), we have
2∠A – ∠B = 0 ...(ii)
From (i) and (ii), we have
9∠A = 180°
⇒ ∠A = 20°
Hence, ∠B = 40° [From (ii)]
and ∠C = 3∠B = 120°. (2)
9. Let an be the term equal to –150. Then
a + (n – 1)d = –150
⇒ 11 + (n – 1) (–3) = –150
⇒ –3 (n – 1) = –161
161
or n–1=
3
161 164
or n= +1=
3 3
Since n is not a natural number, –150 is not a term of the AP. (2)
10. Given Sn = 5n2 – 3n
gives Sn – 1 = 5(n – 1)2 –3(n – 1) = 5n2 – 10n + 5 – 3n + 3
= 5n2 – 13n + 8
We know that
nth term = an = Sn – Sn – 1
= (5n2 – 3n) – (5n2 – 13n + 8)
= 10n – 8.
11. Let ∠DAB = ∠1 and ∠CAD = 90° – ∠1 = ∠2 (say)
In DABC, we have
∠ACD = ∠1 and ∠ABD = ∠2 B
Now
DADC ~ DBDA D
AD BD 1
⇒ = 2
DC AD C A
⇒ AD = BD × DC
2
(2)
 3
12. We have
6x2 – x – 2 = 6x2 + 3x – 4x – 2
= 3x (2x + 1) –2(2x + 1)
= (3x – 2) (2x + 1)
The roots of 6x – x – 2 = 0 are the value of x for which (3x – 2)(2x + 1) = 0
2

3x – 2 = 0 or 2x + 1 = 0
2 1
i.e. x= or x= −
3 2
2 1
Thus, the roots of 6x2 – x – 2 = 0 are and − . (2)
3 2
SECTION ‘C’
13. We know that any positive integer n is of the form 2q or 2q + 1, for some integer q.
Case I : n = 2q
⇒ n2–n = (2q)2–(2q) = 4q2–2q = 2q (q – 1) or 2p, where p = q (q –1)
So, n2 – n is divisible by 2
Case II : n = 2q + 1
⇒ n2 – n = (2q + 1)2 – (2q + 1)
= 4q 2 + 4q + 1 – 2q – 1
= 4q 2 + 2q
= 2q (2q + 1) or 2p where p = q (2q + 1) (3)
OR
Here, 210 > 55
Applying Euclid’s division algorithm, we have
210 = 55 × 3 + 45
Since the remainder 45 ≠ 0, we apply the algorithm again to the divisor 55 and remainder
45. So,
55 = 45 × 1 + 10
Since the remainder 10 ≠ 0, we again apply the algorithm to the divisor 45 and remainder
10. So,
45 = 10 × 4 + 5
Since the remainder 5 ≠ 0, we again apply the algorithm to the divisor 10 and remainder
5. So,
10 = 5 × 2 + 0
Thus, HCF (210, 55) = 5. (3)
14. Let length be x metres and breadth be y metres.
Then,
Perimeter = 2(x + y) = 80 i.e. x + y = 40 ...(i)
400
and Area = xy = 400 i.e. y = ...(ii)
x
Solving (i) and (ii), we get
400
x+ = 40
x
⇒ x2 – 40 + 400 = 0
⇒ (x – 20)2 = 0
⇒ x – 20 = 0, i.e. x = 20.
4

400
From (ii), we have y= = 20
20
Thus, its is possible to have a square park of side 20 m, whose perimeter will be 80 m
and area 400 sq cm. (3)
15. Here,
1
Area of DABC = 6( 5 + 2 ) − 3( −2 − 3 ) + 4( 3 − 5 )
2
1 49
= 42 + 15 − 8 = sq units.
2 2
1
Area of DPBC = x ( 5 + 2 ) − 3( −2 − y ) + 4( y − 5 )
2
1
= 7x + 6 + 3 y + 4 y − 20
2
1 7
7x + 7 y − 14 = x + y − 2 sq units.
=
2 2
7
area of ∆PBC ( x + y − 2) x + y − 2
Thus, = 2 =
area of ∆ABC 49 7
2
16. Let A, B, C, D be the vertices of parallelogram. D( p, 3) C(9, 4)

⎛ 6 + 9 1+ 4⎞
Mid-point of AC = ⎜ , ⎟
⎝ 2 2 ⎠

⎛ 15 5⎞ A(6, 1) B(8, 2)
i.e. ⎜ , ⎟
⎝ 2 2⎠

⎛ p + 8 3 + 2⎞ ⎛ p + 8 5⎞
Mid-point of BD = ⎜ , ⎟ i .e . ⎜ , ⎟
⎝ 2 2 ⎠ ⎝ 2 2⎠
We know in a gm, the diagonal AC and BD bisect each other.
So, mid-point of AC = mid-point of BD
⎛ 15 5 ⎞ ⎛ p + 8 5⎞
⇒ ⎜⎝ , ⎟⎠ = ⎜⎝ , ⎟
2 2 2 2⎠
p +8 15
⇒ =
2 2
⇒ p + 8 = 15
i.e. p=7 A(10, 5) (3)
OR
Here,
⎛ 10 + 6 5 + 1⎞ L M
L= ⎜ , ⎟ i.e. (8, 1)
⎝ 2 2 ⎠
⎛ 10 + 2 5 + 1⎞
M= ⎜ , ⎟ i.e. (6, 3) B(6, –3) C(2, 1)
⎝ 2 2 ⎠
 5
Now,
BC = ( 6 − 2 )2 + ( −3 − 1)2 = 4 2 + 4 2 = 16 + 16 = 32 = 2 8

2 LM = 2 ⎡ ( 8 − 6 )2 + (1 − 3 )2 ⎤ = 2 ⎡⎣ 4 + 4 ⎤⎦ = 2 × 8
⎣ ⎦
Thus, BC = 2 LM. (3)
17. Join BP.
∠1, ∠2, ∠3, ........
In DABC,
∠1 + ∠5 + ∠ABC = 180°
⇒ ∠1 + ∠5 = 90° ( ∠ABC = 90°) A
Further, we know that ∠3 = ∠1
⇒ ∠3 + ∠5 = 90° ( ∠1 + ∠5 = 90°) 1
P
Also,
∠3 + ∠4 = 90° ( ∠APB = 90°) 3 4
Thus, 5
∠5 = ∠4 B Q C
⇒ PQ = QC
Also, QB = QP
So, QB = QC
∴ Q bisects BC.
sin θ / cos θ cos θ / sin θ
18. LHS = +
cos θ sin θ
1− 1−
sin θ cos θ
sin θ sin θ cos θ cos θ
= × + ⋅
cos θ sin θ − cos θ sin θ cos θ − sin θ
− sin 3 θ + cos3 θ
=
− sin θ cos θ(sin θ − cos θ )
(cos θ − sin θ )(cos 2 θ + sin 2 θ + sin θ cos θ )
=
sin θ cos θ(cos θ − sin θ )
1+ sin θ cos θ
=
sin θ cos θ
1
= 1+
sin θ cos θ
= 1+ sec θ cos ec θ = RHS.
19. Let the seven prizes be
a + 60, a + 40, a + 20, a, a – 20, a – 40, a – 60
Then
(a + 60) + (a + 40) + (a + 20) + a + (a – 20) + (a – 40) + (a – 60) = 700
⇒ 7a = 700
⇒ a = 100
So, the seven prizes are
` 160, ` 140, ` 120, ` 100, ` 80, ` 60, ` 40
6
OR
Let ‘a d ’ be the common difference of the AP.
9 term = a + 8d = 0
th

⇒ a = –8d ...(i)
Now,
19th term = a + 18d = 10d [Using (i)]
and 29th term = a + 28d = 20d [Using (i)]
Thus,
29th term = 2 × 19th term.
20. Let a, b, g be the zeros of the given cubic polynomial. Then,
−1
a = 3; b = –1 ; g =
3
⇒ p(a) = p(3) = 3(3)3 – 5(3)2 – 11(3) – 3
= 81 – 45 – 33 – 3
=0
So, 3 is a zero of the given polynomial.
p(b) = p(–1) = 3(–1)3 – 5(–1)2 – 11(–1) – 3
= –3 – 5 + 11 – 3
=0
So, –1 is a zero of the given polynomial.
3 2
⎛ −1⎞ ⎛ −1⎞ ⎛ −1⎞ ⎛ −1⎞
p(g) = p ⎜ ⎟ = 3 ⎜⎝ ⎟⎠ – 5 ⎜⎝ ⎟⎠ – 11 ⎜ ⎟ – 3
⎝ 3⎠ 3 3 ⎝ 3⎠
−1 5 11
= − + −3
9 9 3
=0
−1
So, is a zero of the given polynomial
3
Comparing the given polynomial with ax3 + bx2 + cx + d = 0, we get
a = 3, b = –5, c = –11 and d = –3
Now
⎛ −1⎞ 5 −b
a + b + g = 3 + ( −1) + ⎜ ⎟ = =
⎝ 3⎠ 3 a
⎛ −1⎞ ⎛ −1⎞
ab + bg + ga = 3( −1) + ( −1) ⎜ ⎟ + ⎜ ⎟ ( 3 )
⎝ 3⎠ ⎝ 3⎠
1
= −3 + − 1
3
11 c
= − =
3 a
⎛ −1⎞ −d
abg = 3( −1) ⎜ ⎟ = 1 = (3)
⎝ 3⎠ a
OR
 7
x + (a – 1)
x + x – 12 x + ax2 + bx – 84
2 3

x3 + x2 – 12x
+ – +
(a – 1)x2 + (b + 12)x – 84
(a – 1)x2 + (a – 1)x – 12 (a – 1)
– – +
(b + 12 – a + 1)x + (12a – 96)

Since the remainder is zero, we have

b – a + 13 = 0 and 12a – 96 = 0
⇒ a=8 and b = –5 (3)
21. Let Asha’s present age be ‘x’ years and of Sushila ‘y’ years. Then,
x=y+5 ...(i)
and x – 5 = 2( y – 5) ...(ii)
Using (i) in (ii), we have
( y + 5) – 5 = 2y – 10
⇒ y = 2y – 10
⇒ y = 10.
From (i),
x = 10 + 5 = 15
Thus, the present ages of Asha and Sushila’s are 15 years and 10 years. (3)
22. Let the speed of two cars be x km/h and y km/h respectively.
Case I When two cars move in the same direction, they will meet each other at P after
5 hours
The distance covered by car from A = 5x
The distance covered by car from B = 5y A B P
According to the question,
5x = 100 + 5y
x – y = 20 ...(i)
Case II When two cars move in opposite direction, they will meet each other at Q after
one hour
A B
The distance covered by car from A = x Q
The distance covered by car from B = y
According to the question,
x + y = 100 ...(ii)
Solving (i) and (ii) simultaneously, we have
x = 60 and y = 40
Hence, The speeds of the two cars are 60 km/h and 40 km/h. (3)

SECTION ‘D’
2
⎛ 1 + sin θ − cos θ ⎞
23. LHS = ⎜
⎝ 1 + sin θ + cos θ ⎟⎠
2
⎡ (1 + sin θ ) − cos θ ⎤
= ⎢ ⎥
⎣ (1 + sin θ ) + cos θ ⎦
8

(1 + sin θ )2 − 2 cos θ(1 + sin θ ) + cos 2 θ

=
(1 + sin θ )2 + 2 cos θ(1 + sin θ ) + cos 2 θ
1 + sin 2 θ + 2 sin θ + cos 2 θ − 2 cos θ(1 + sin θ )
=
1 + sin 2 θ + 2 sin θ + cos 2 θ + 2 cos θ((1+ sin θ )
2 + 2 sin θ − 2 cos θ(1 + sin θ )
=
2 + 2 sin θ + 2 cos θ(1 + sin θ )
2(1 + sin θ )(1 − cos θ )
=
2(1 + sin θ )(1 + cos θ )
1 − cos θ
= = RHS. (4)
1 + cos θ
OR
2cos2 + sin =0
2 (1 – sin q)+ sin
2
=0
⇒ 2 – 2sin + sin
2
=0
⇒ 2sin2 – sin = 0
⇒ sin 2sin – 1) = 0
⇒ sin = 0 or 2sin – 1 = 0
1 π
⇒ = 0° or sin = i.e. . (4)
2 6
24. Let ‘h ’ metres be the height of the tower. Then
RT = h metres
In DBPT,
TP h − 50
tan30° = =
BP BP
1 h − 50
i.e. = ....(i)
3 BP
In DGRT,
RT h
tan60° = = ( GR = BP)
GR BP
h
i.e. 3 = ....(ii)
BP
Eliminating BP from (i) and (ii), we get
h
= (h – 50) 3
3 T
30°
h = 3(h – 50) 60°
or 2h = 150 30°
B P
i.e. h = 75
Thus, the height of the tower is 75 metres
Building Tower
From (ii)
50 m (h)
75
3 =
BP 60°
G R
 9

75 3
⇒ BP = = 25 3
3
Thus, the distance between the building and the tower is 25 3 metres.
25. Let DABC and DDEF be two triangles in which A D
AP and DQ are the medians such that
AB BC AP
= =
DE EF DQ
B P C E Q F
1
AB BC AP
⇒ = 2 =
DE 1 DQ
EF
2
AB BP AP
⇒ = =
DE EQ DQ
By SSS similarity criterion
DABP = DDEQ
⇒ ∠B = ∠E
Now, in Ds ABC and DEF, we have
AB BC
= and ∠B = ∠E
DE EF
So, by SAS similarity criterion, we have
DABC ∼ DDEF (4)
OR D C
Let ABCD be a rhombus. Then,
∠AOB = 90°
1 1 O
Also, OA = AC and OB = BD
2 2
By Pythagoras Theorem,
AB2 = AO2 + BO2
2 2 A B
⎛1 ⎞ ⎛1 ⎞
= ⎜ AC⎟ + ⎜ BD⎟
⎝2 ⎠ ⎝2 ⎠
1
= ( AC 2 + BD 2 )
4
⇒ 4AB2 = AC2 + BD2
⇒ AB2 + BC2 + CD2 + DA2 = AC2 + BD2 (3)
26. Let ‘a d ’ be the common difference of AP.
Then, according to the question,
1
a + (8 – 1)d = × ( a + d )
2
i.e. 2(a + 7d ) = a + d.
or a + 13d = 0 ...(i)
10
Also,
1
a + (11 – 1)d = [ a + ( 4 − 1)d ] + 1
3
1
i.e. a + 10d = ( a + 3d ) + 1
3
i.e. 3a + 30d = a + 3d + 3
or 2a + 27d = 3 ...(ii)
Solving Equation (i) and (ii) simultaneously, we get
2a + 27d = 3 ⎤
⇒d = 3
2a + 26d = 0 ⎥⎦
Substituting d = 3 in Equation (i), we get a = –39
Thus,
15th term = a + 14d
= (–39) + 14 × 3
= (–39) + 42
= 3. (4)
OR
Sequence of integers which are multiples of 2 or 5 is:
10, 20, 30, 40, ..........., 490
Here, a = 10, d = 10 and an = 490
Given
an = 490
⇒ a + (n – 1)d = 490
⇒ 10 + (n – 1)(10) = 490
⇒ 10 (n – 1) = 480
⇒ n – 1 = 48
⇒ n = 49.
Thus, there are 49 terms in the sequence.
49
So, S49 = [ 2 × 10 + ( 49 − 1)(10 )]
2
49
= [ 20 + 480 ]
2
49
= × 500
2
= 49 × 250
= 12250. (4)
27. From DTAB, we have
h
= tan 45° = 1
TA
⇒ h = TA ...(i)
From DSAB, we have
h
= tan q
SA
⇒ SA = h cot q ...(ii)
 11
From (i) and (ii), we have
B
p = TS = TA – SA
= h – h cot q h
⇒ p = h (1 – cot q)
45° q
p p tan θ T←p→S
A
⇒ h= =
1 − cot θ tan θ − 1

p tan θ
Thus, the height of the tower is . (4)
tan θ − 1
1 1
28. Let = P and = Q. Then the given equations are
x+ y x− y
57P + 6Q = 5 ...(i)
38P + 21Q = 9 ...(ii)
⇒ From Eq (i), we have
5 − 57P
Q= ...(iii)
6
Substituting this value of Q in Eq. (ii), we have
⎛ 5 − 57P ⎞
38 P + 21⎜ =9
⎝ 6 ⎟⎠

⇒ 228P + 105 – 1197P = 54

⇒ 969P = 51
51 1
⇒ P= = i.e. x + y = 19
969 19
Substituting this value of P in Eq. (iii), we get
57
5−
Q= 19 = 1 i.e. x – y = 3
6 3
Thus,
x + y = 19 and x – y = 3
On solving these two equations, we easily get
x = 11 and y=8
Hence, x = 11 and y = 8 is the required solution. (4)

29. LHS = (sin )2 + (cos )2

= [sin2 2
] + [cos2 2
]
= 4 + (sin2 2
) + [cosec2 2
]
= 5 +[1 + cot2 2
]
= 7 + tan2 2

= RHS. (4)
12
30. Here,
sec θ − tan θ sec θ − tan θ sec θ − tan θ
= ×
sec θ + tan θ sec θ + tan θ sec θ − tan θ

(sec θ − tan θ )2
=
sec 2 θ − tan 2 θ
= (sec – tan )2 [ sec2 2
]
= sec 2 2

= (1 + tan2 2