Management Information System c4

EBB310
MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM
CHAPTER 4
Information Technology in Business:
Hardware
PREPARED BY:
AHMAD SUHAIMI BIN ALIAS
SCHOOL OF E-BUSINESS
FACULTY OF BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT
CHAPTER 4 : Information Technology in Business: Hardware
LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of this chapter, students will be able to understands

the concepts of :
 What are the major computer hardware, data storage, input, and output
technologies used in business?
 What are the most important contemporary hardware trend.
 What are the principal issues in managing hardware technology.
 What are the components of IT infrastructure.
Slide 2 of 28
TOPIC OUTLINES
4.1 The Central Tools of Modern Information System.
4.2 A Peek Inside The Computer.
4.3 Input Devices.
4.4 Output Devices.
4.5 External Storage Media.
4.6 Classification of Computers.
Slide 3 of 28
4.1 The Central Tools of Modern Information System
Infrastructure Component
 IT infrastructure: Provides platform for supporting all information systems in

the business.
 Computer hardware.
 Computer software.
 Data management technology.
 Networking and telecommunications technology.
 Technology services.
Slide 4 of 28
Infrastructure Component
Figure 4-1
A firm’s IT infrastructure is
composed of hardware,
software, data management
technology, networking
technology, and technology
services.
Slide 5 of 28
Central Tools of Modern Information System
 A computer must handle FOUR (4) operations:-

 Accept Data.
 Process Data.
 Store Data and Instructions.
 Output data.
Slide 6 of 28
Central Tools of Modern Information System
Figure 4-2
Organization move
from using large
mainframe to using
networked PCs.
Slide 7 of 28
Computer Communicating: Bits and Bytes
 Computer recognized TWO (2) states: On or Off.

 Each on or off signal represents a bit (binary digit).
 Encoding Schemes.
 Representation of symbols by unique strings of bits.
 Understanding Computer Processing:
 Counting Bases.
 Decimal system – Base 10.
 Binary system – Base 2.
Slide 8 of 28
4.2 A Peek Inside The Computer
Inside a Computer
Slide 9 of 28
The Centre Processing Unit (CPU)
 The “Brain” of the computer.

 Have Two (2) component:-
 Control Unit (C.U).
 Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU).
Slide 10 of 28
Micro-Processor
 Micro-Processor – Carries signals that

execute all processing.
 It a silicon chip embedded with transistors,
or semiconductors.
Slide 11 of 28
The Centre Processing Unit (CPU)
Figure 4-3
Inside of a CPU in one
machine cycle executing
the operation.
Slide 12 of 28
The Machine Cycle
 Functions measured in small fractions of a

second.
 CPU’s execution of FOUR (4) functions:-
 Fetch.
 Decode.
 Execute.
 Store.
Slide 13 of 28
Memory
 Register – CPU chip has designated areas for temporary storage of

information and rapid retrieval.
 Internal Memory – Used in actual processing of data inside the computer.
 Random Access Memory (RAM).
 Read-Only Memory (ROM).
 External Memory – Not involved in processing.
 Magnetic disks, Magnetic tapes, and Optical Discs.
Slide 14 of 28
Memory
 Random Access Memory – all instructions and data are stored before CPU
fetches for processing.
 Cache Memory.
 Fast memory semiconductor chips (usually SRAM).
 Stores most frequently used instructions of programs the computer
runs.
 Read-Only Memory – Small part of internal memory.
 Maintains instructions and data the user need .
Slide 15 of 28
Memory
 Volatile (Temporary) – Depends on electrical current to maintain

information (such as RAM and registers).
 Non-volatile (Permanent) – Program and data stay in the chips when
power off (accessible again when computer is turned back on).
Slide 16 of 28
Computer Power
 Clock Rate – Measured in cycles per second.

 Amount of information the CPU can proceed per second.
 Speed determined only by combination of both factors.
Slide 17 of 28
4.3 Input Devices
List of Input Devices
 Keyboard .
 Mouse, Trackball, and
Track Pad.
 Touch Screen.
 Screen Recognition.
 Imaging.
 Source Data Input
Devices – Banking,
Credit Cards, and
Shipping.
Slide 18 of 28
4.4 Output Devices
List of Output Devices
 Soft-Copy Output.
 Monitors.
 Speech Output.
 Hard-Copy Output
Devices.
Slide 19 of 28
4.5 External Storage Media
Important Properties  Capacity.

to Consider:  Speed.
 Mode.
 Cost.
List of External  Magnetics Tape.

Storage Media:  Magnetics Disks.
 Optical Discs.
 Optical Tape.
 Flash Memory
Slide 20 of 28
4.5 External Storage Media
Differences Between External Storage Devices:
Figure 4-4
Difference between
devices.
Slide 21 of 28
4.6 Classification of Computers
Supercomputers
 The largest, most powerful, and most

expensive.
 Used by university, research institutions, and
large corporations.
Slide 22 of 28
Mainframe Computers
 Less powerful and less expensive than

supercomputers.
 Used by business with large amounts of data
that need to be shared in central computer.
Slide 23 of 28
Mini-Computers
 Often used as host computer in a network of

smaller computers.
 Priced in the tens of thousands to a few
hundred thousand dollars.
 Manufacturers: DEC (VAX), IBM (AS/400), and
Hewlett-Packed.
Slide 24 of 28
Micro-Computers (P.C’s)
 A collective name of all desktop computers.

 Also know as personal computers (PCs).
 More powerful micros are sometimes called
workstations.
Slide 25 of 28
Laptops
 A portable personal computer with a clamshell

form factor, suitable for mobile use.
 They are also sometimes called notebook
computers or notebooks or lappy.
 A laptop combines the components and inputs
as a desktop computer; including display,
speakers, keyboard, and pointing device (such
as a touchpad), into a single device.
 Hardware specifications change vastly between
these classifications, forgoing greater and
greater degrees of processing power to reduce
heat emissions.
Slide 26 of 28
Next Session Preview
Information Technology in Business:

Software
 What is Software?
 Level of Programming.
 Application and System Software.
Slide 27 of 28
Slide 28 of 28

Management Information System c4

Transféré par

Informations du document

Titre original

Copyright

Formats disponibles

Partager ce document

Partager ou intégrer le document

Options de partage

Avez-vous trouvé ce document utile ?

Ce contenu est-il inapproprié ?

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

Management Information System c4

Transféré par

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

EBB310

MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM

At the end of this chapter, students will be able to understands

 What are the most important contemporary hardware trend.

 What are the principal issues in managing hardware technology.

 What are the components of IT infrastructure.

4.1 The Central Tools of Modern Information System.

4.2 A Peek Inside The Computer.

4.3 Input Devices.

4.4 Output Devices.

4.5 External Storage Media.

4.6 Classification of Computers.

 IT infrastructure: Provides platform for supporting all information systems in

Central Tools of Modern Information System

 A computer must handle FOUR (4) operations:-

Central Tools of Modern Information System

Computer Communicating: Bits and Bytes

 Computer recognized TWO (2) states: On or Off.

The Centre Processing Unit (CPU)

 The “Brain” of the computer.

 Micro-Processor – Carries signals that

The Centre Processing Unit (CPU)

The Machine Cycle

 Functions measured in small fractions of a

 Register – CPU chip has designated areas for temporary storage of

 Volatile (Temporary) – Depends on electrical current to maintain

 Clock Rate – Measured in cycles per second.

List of Input Devices

List of Output Devices

Important Properties  Capacity.

List of External  Magnetics Tape.

Differences Between External Storage Devices:

 The largest, most powerful, and most

 Less powerful and less expensive than

 Often used as host computer in a network of

 A collective name of all desktop computers.

 A portable personal computer with a clamshell

Information Technology in Business:

 Application and System Software.

Vous aimerez peut-être aussi