UGC-NET-COACHING PROGRAM

---- Unit V ---

MATHEMATICAL REASONING

K.THIYAGU,
Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Thi 1
Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod - 671 123, Kerala,
COMPLETING A SERIES

Thi 2
 a) Number Series.
Number series are formed in many ways
• Addition of figures given in row
• Subtraction of figures from one another
• Division of figures by one another
• Multiplication of figures
• Logical transportation of figures
• Increase/decrease of numbers in a specific pattern

Thi 3
 Addition

6, 12, 18, 30, 48, ?

78,
each term is obtained after adding two to the previous
number
6+12=18;
12+18=30;
18+30=48;
30+48=78
Thi 4
 Addition

1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19, ?

22,
constant difference of 3 in each subsequent number

1+3=4
4+3=7
……..
19+3=22
Thi 5
 Addition

10, 15, 19, 22, 24, ?

25,
Decreasing difference of 5,4,3,2,1 between subsequent numbers

10+5=15
15+4=19
19+3=22
22+2=24
24+1=25
Thi 6
 Subtraction

285, 253, 221, 189, _____

(a) 173 (b) 167 (c) 157 (d) 146

Subtract 32 in the series

Thi 7
 Multiplication
3, 12, 48, 192, ?

768,
multiply each term by 4 to get the next number

Thi 8
 Multiply & Divide

48, 24, 72, 36, 108, ?

54,
Alternatively divide by 2 and multiply by 3 alternatively.

Thi 9
 Square

1, 4, 9, 16, 25, ?

36
each term is square of natural number

Thi 10
 Alternate Numbers

1, 2, 8, 9, 15, 16, ?
22,
interval is alternatively 1 and 6

Thi 11
 Pure Series
- Number itself obeys certain order
- Character of the series can be found out, it may be
• Perfect square,
• Perfect cube,
• Prime number and
• Combinations

Example: 1, 3, 15, 35, 63 . . .

(a) 100 (b) 99 (c) 83 (d) 16

(Square-1)
Thi 12
0, 7, 26, 63, . . . (Cube - 1)
(a) 124 (b) 125 (c) 93 (d) 103

Thi 13
Difference Series

Difference Series : The change in order for the difference between each
consecutive number of the series is found out.

Example:
2, 6, 12, 20, 30, ______
(a) 40 (b) 44 (c) 42 (d) 36

(add two consequently in the series)

Thi 14
 B] LETTER SERIES

• There are no set rules.

• Discover the pattern adopted
• Omission of letters in an order etc.

A B C D E F G ....

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 (Forward)

26 25 24 23 22 21 20 (Backward)

Thi 15
PATTERNS IN LETTER SERIES
(i) Regular Order: The number of letters skipped remains the same
Example: J, K, L, M, N, O, ?
(a) P (b) Q (c) R (d) S

(ii) Increasing Order: Each time the number of letters skipped increases in a
given pattern.
Example: A, C, F, J, O, ? (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
(a) T (b) U (c) V (d) W

(iii) Decreasing Order: Each time the number of letters skipped decreases in a
given pattern.
Example: A, G, L, P, S, ? (5, 4, 3, 2, 1)
(a) M (b) O Thi (c) U (d) W 16
PATTERNS IN LETTER SERIES

(iv) Interlinked Series:

Example: A, D, F, J, M, R, ? (3,2,4,3,5,4)

(a) S (b) T (c) U (d) V

Thi 17
 Letter series
J, L, N, P, R, T, ?
(a) V (b) X (c) Y (d) Z

C, F, I, L, O, R, ?
(a) V (b) U (c) W (d) X

B, F, J, N, R, V, ?
(a) X (b) Y (c) Z (d) C

Thi 18
 Letter series
AD, EH, IL, ___, QT, UX

(a) MP (b) MN (c) MO (d) MQ

AZ, BY, CX, D?

(a) E (b) W (c) R (d) V

Thi 19
 Letter series
BHL, DJN, FLP, ______

(a) HNR (b) HOS (c) IOS (d) INR

CGKOS, AEIMQ, EIMQ?

(a) W (b) X (c) V (d) U

Thi 20