Unit 2 Earth and Space

Module 1 Earthquakes and Faults

I. Read each question carefully. Color the circle of your answer from the left side of the questionnaire.

1. Which is a break in the Earth’s crust, and along the break, significant movement has taken place?
A. fault B. trench C. earthquake D. crust
2. A fault as earth’s geologic event is caused by a/an___. A. crustal movement B. earthquake C. fault D. trench
3. Which of these is the most helpful tool the student must have during an earthquake?
A. head gear B. bag C. textbooks D. emergency whistle
4. Which possible way may you suggest to mitigate the fault, an effect of earthquake?
A. Shout and panic B. Go to the nearest open area. C. wear a head gear D. none of the above
5. Which causes a fault?
A. breakage of ground due to large number of cars in Manila
B. breakage of ground due to large number of people in NCR
C. breakage of ground due to earthquake
D. breakage of ground due to crustal movement of the Philippine trenches
6. The point on the earth's surface vertically above the focus of an earthquake.
A. epicentre B. Focus C. earthquake D. fault
7. *See #6 choices. Which is the point within the earth where seismic waves originate?
8. Which government agency warns us about earthquake?
A. PHIVOLCS B. PAGASA C. NDRRMC D. MMDA
9. See #8 choices Which of these is in-charged of weather forecasting?
10. It is known to have recently generated earthquakes within the last 10,000 years, and may still continue to generate earthquakes.
A. active fault B. inactive fault C. tsunami D. earthquake
11. *See #10 choices Which fault do not show signs of ever having generated an earthquake in the last 10,000 years, but may
possibly still generate an earthquake in the future?
12. How fault generate earthquake?
A. The friction across the surface of the fault holds the rocks together so they do not slip immediately when pushed sideways.
Eventually enough stress builds up and the rocks slip suddenly, releasing energy in waves that travel through the rock to cause the
shaking that we feel during an earthquake.
B. The forces across beneath the ground of the fault holds the rocks together so they do not slip immediately when pulled sideways.
Eventually enough stress builds up and the rocks slip suddenly, releasing small amount of energy in waves that travel through the
establishments to cause shaking and destroying infrastructures.
13. Scarcely Perceptible - Perceptible to people under favorable circumstances. Delicately balanced objects are disturbed slightly.
Still water in containers oscillates slowly. What is its intensity scale?
A. I B. II C. III D. IV
14. Slightly Felt - Felt by few individuals at rest indoors. Hanging objects swing slightly. Still water in containers oscillates noticeably.
What is its intensity scale
A. II B. V C. VII D. X
15. Weak - Felt by many people indoors especially in upper floors of buildings. Vibration is felt like one passing of a light truck.
Dizziness and nausea are experienced by some people. Hanging objects swing moderately. Still water in containers oscillates
moderately.
A. III B. IV C. IX D. X
16. Moderately Strong - Felt generally by people indoors and by some people outdoors. Light sleepers are awakened. Vibration is felt
like a passing of heavy truck. Hanging objects swing considerably. Dinner, plates, glasses, windows, and doors rattle. Floors and
walls of wood framed buildings creak. Standing motor cars may rock slightly. Liquids in containers are slightly disturbed. Water in
containers oscillates strongly. Rumbling sound may sometimes be heard.
A. IV B. III C. II D. I
17. Strong - Generally felt by most people indoors and outdoors. Many sleeping people are awakened. Some are frightened, some
run outdoors. Strong shaking and rocking felt throughout building. Hanging objects swing violently. Dining utensils clatter and
clink; some are broken. Small, light and unstable objects may fall or overturn. Liquids spill from filled open containers. Standing
vehicles rock noticeably. Shaking of leaves and twigs of trees are noticeable.
A. V B. VI C. IX D.X
18. Very Strong - Many people are frightened; many run outdoors. Some people lose their balance. Motorists feel like driving in flat
tires. Heavy objects or furniture move or may be shifted. Small church bells may ring. Wall plaster may crack. Very old or poorly
built houses and man-made structures are slightly damaged though well-built structures are not affected. Limited rock falls and
rolling boulders occur in hilly to mountainous areas and escarpments. Trees are noticeably shaken.
A. VI B. VII C. VIII D. IX
19. Destructive - Most people are frightened and run outdoors. People find it difficult to stand in upper floors. Heavy objects and
furniture overturn or topple. Big church bells may ring. Old or poorly-built structures suffer considerably damage. Some well-built
structures are slightly damaged. Some cracks may appear on dikes, fish ponds, road surface, or concrete hollow block walls.
Limited liquefaction, lateral spreading and landslides are observed. Trees are shaken strongly. (Liquefaction is a process by which
loose saturated sand lose strength during an earthquake and behave like liquid).
A. VII B. VIII C. IX D.X
20. Very Destructive - People are panicky. People find it difficult to stand even outdoors. Many well-built buildings are considerably
damaged. Concrete dikes and foundation of bridges are destroyed by ground settling or toppling. Railway tracks are bent or
broken. Tombstones may be displaced, twisted or overturned. Utility posts, towers and monuments may tilt or topple. Water and
sewer pipes may be bent, twisted or broken. Liquefaction and lateral spreading cause man-made structure to sink, tilt or topple.
Numerous landslides and rock falls occur in mountainous and hilly areas. Boulders are thrown out from their positions
particularly near the epicenter. Fissures and faults rupture may be observed. Trees are violently shaken. Water splash or slop
over dikes or banks of rivers
A. VII B. VIII C. IX D.X
21. Devastating - People are forcibly thrown to ground. Many cry and shake with fear. Most buildings are totally damaged. Bridges
and elevated concrete structures are toppled or destroyed. Numerous utility posts, towers and monument are tilted, toppled or
broken. Water sewer pipes are bent, twisted or broken. Landslides and liquefaction with lateral spreading and sand boils are
 widespread. The ground is distorted into undulations. Trees are shaken very violently with some toppled or broken. Boulders are
commonly thrown out. River water splashes violently or slops over dikes and banks
A. VII B. VIII C. IX D.X
22. Completely Devastating - Practically all man-made structures are destroyed. Massive landslides and liquefaction, large scale
subsidence and uplift of land forms and many ground fissures are observed. Changes in river courses and destructive seiches in
large lakes occur. Many trees are toppled, broken and uprooted.
A. VII B. VIII C. IX D.X
23. Which part of the earthquake lies from the moved plate?
A. fault plane B. focus C. Epicentre D. surface of the earth
24. Where will you go in case of strong earthquake?
A. open area B. near the trees C. highest building D. under the table
25. The strain which causes a material to twist is known as ____.
A. stress B. Compression C. tension D. shear
26. What keeps the stable part of this seismometer from moving during an earthquake?
A. inertia B. gravity C. its mass D. its location
27. A ____ fault forms as a result of horizontal compression.
A. blind B. normal C. strike-slip D. reverse
28. Deaths associated with earthquake deaths in sloping areas can result from ____.
A. tsunamis B. landslides C. formation of fault scarps D. surface ruptures
29. Which part of the seismometer does not shake during an earthquake?
A. the frame B. the spring C. the rotating drum D. the pendulum and pen

II. Sequence of Events. Arrange in chronological order by writing letters A-F

1.

III. Answer each question briefly. Write your answer in the box. (3 points each)
1. What will you do when your classmates are panicking during the earthquake?
2. How are earthquakes and faults related with each other?
3. Explain the main difference between active and inactive faults.
4. Are we capable of stopping natural calamities? Explain your answer.