Name: Daphne Kate D.

Padrigo Score: _________

Year & Section: Grade 10 Pythagoras Date: __________
Signature: ___________ Subject: Research

A. Introduction
Humans are always using plant as their exclusive therapy. Codiaeum Variegatum genus possess some
biological effects as mosquitocidal, antimycobacterial and antifungal activities. Codiaeum Variegatum is
originated in Southern India, Sri Lanka, Indnesia, Malaysia and the Western Pacific Ocean Islands. The aim
of this journal is isolation and identification of some natural component from Codiaeum Variegatum and attest
the cytotoxicity of this plant against some cancer cells. In conclusion, methanolic extract and the alkaloidal
compounds isolated from Codiaeum variegatum cv. petra might be valuable antitumor promoting agents.
B. Review of Related Studies and Literature
Codiaeum variegatum L. (garden croton) is belonging to family Euphorbiaceae. It is a native to southern
India, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, Malaysia, and the western Pacific Ocean islands (Bingtao and Esser, 2008). Many
chemical groups such as alkaloids (Amaral and Barnes, 1998), diterpenoids (Bagavathi et al., 1988) and
triterpenoids (Webb, 1952 and Terasa et al., 1987) were isolated from different plants of family
Euphorbiaceae. The genus of Codiaeum possesses some biological effects as mosquitocidal ( Monzon et al.,
1994), antimycobacterial (Billo et al., 2005) and antifungal activities (Gautam et al., 2007).
C. Methodology
Column chromatography was performed on silica gel LC 60 A (60-200 µm, Davisil). TLC was carried out
using precoated silica gel 60 F-254 plates (Merck). Mass spectra were achieved on Finnigan SS Q 700
spectrometer, 70 eV. NMR experiments were performed on a Jeol EX-500 spectrometer: 500 MHz (1H NMR),
125 MHz (13C NMR). Chemical shifts are given in δ values (ppm) using tetramethylsilane as the internal
standard and CDCl3 as solvent at room temperature.
Name: Daphne Kate D. Padrigo Score: _________
Year & Section: Grade 10 Pythagoras Date: __________
Signature: ___________ Subject: Research

A. Introduction
The journal discusses the problem of environmental pollution and waste management in Earth and how
can we reduce it. During the preparation of scientific research, they noticed a problem: “What is the
influence of the waste management on the environment?”. Based on the journal I can hypothesize that waste
management has a great impact on our environment. The journal discusses the landfill waste collected for
years, law relating to waste management, strategies for building and controlling, industrial waste
management and how can we reduce it like developing and producing of new products, taking into account
the possibility of re-use. Most countries accept the strategy of the European Union relating to research and
development of new technologies for recycling. In order to reduce the amount of generated waste it is
necessary to improve waste management strategies starting from minimizing waste at source, via rebooting
the use of secondary raw materials, recycling and disposal too.
B. Review of Related Studies and Literature
The Review of Related Literature Bjelajac Z. Ecological policy of EU and its criminallegal draft, MP4,
2011. Heleta M. System management projecting of environmental, University Singidunum, Beograd 2010.
Jovanovic L. Ecomanagement in function of environment protection in towns. Ecological movement of Novi
Sad, Novi Sad 1999. Jovanovic L. Ecomanagement in function of environment protection in towns. Ecological
movement of Novi Sad, Novi Sad 1999. Jovanovic L. Recycling as an important part of sustainable
developmentISO14000, Aranđelovac 2000.
Jovanovic L. Recycling as an important part of sustainable development ISO14000, Aranđelovac 2000.
Kolomeiceva-Jovanovic L. Chemistry and enviromental protection, Belgrade 2010, 8. Rajovic G.
“Environmental awareness as a basis for sustainable development of rural areas of Montenegro”, Ecologica,
scientific and professional society for Environmental Protection of Serbia, No. 49, Belgrade, 2007. Todić D.
Environmental management conditions of globalization, Megatrend University, Belgrade, 2008. In this study
there is no separated Related Studies.
C. Methodology
Recycling is one of the useful methods aimed at maximum utilization of energy and raw materials from
waste. Most countries are operating for recycling because in addition to eliminating waste they see economic
solutions. Recycling keep raw materials and energy.