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S.RAJESH KUMAR
PSG TECH
E-mail : srk3rajesh@gmail.com
Presentation Content
• Introduction
• Types of nonwoven fabrics
• Nonwoven web forming methods
• Nonwoven bonding techniques
• Finishing of nonwovens
• Commercial nonwoven products
• Nonwoven in technical textiles
INTRODUCTION
Polymers
Fibers
Yarns
Fabrics
Application
Definition of nonwovens
It may also having other names such as Shaped Fabrics (or) Yarn free Fabrics
Non-Woven structure
Brief about Nonwoven
• Fibers are the basic element of Nonwovens. The
selection of raw fibers, determines the properties
of the final nonwoven products.
• Fiber selection purely depend on Application,
customer requirement and cost of Product.
• The fibers can be in the form of stable form (or)
filament form. Any natural or synthetic fiber could
be used in the production of non woven.
Production Rate
1) Web formation
a) Fiber to Fabric (Ex: Carded, Air Laid, Wet Laid)
b) Polymer to fabric (Ex: Spun Bond, Melt Blown, SMS)
2) Web bonding
3) Finishing Treatments
Nonwoven Web Forming
Methods
Web Forming by Carding process
Web
• A web is the basic structure of
fiber to fabric nonwovens
• It is a loose mat of fibers
• Webs require bonding for stability
Wet Laid
Wet laid is similar to paper
making. In Papermaking uses pulp but in
Wet laid uses longer fiber, perhaps
blended with wood pulp
Products
Surgical gowns
• Home furnishing/ Bedding
• Geotextile fabrics
• Diaper cover stocks
• House Wrap
• Roofing
Melt blown techniques
Gear
pumps
Products
• Filters (Air & Liquid)
• Insulation
• Face masks
Polymers • Barriers in Medical diapers
• Hazmat Applications (Oil split Sorbents)
Air Air
Spun bond - Melt blown - Spun bond
(SMS)
SMS Production stages
Quenching
Stretching
Products
Felt
Geotextiles
Blood filters
Synthetic leather
Blankets
Automotive interior trim
Carpets etc.,
• Needle punching
Hydro-Entanglement
Thermal Bonding Products
Embossed
cylinder
Products
web
Upholstery
• Cussion pads
Hot smooth
calender • Heat insulation
Embossed roll calendaring • Sound insulation
• Medical Products
Infrared
heat source
Nonwovens with
bonding agents
Infrared treatment
Chemical Bonding Products
cug
• Products
Roofing : Acrylic Weatherability
Water repellency etc.,
Products
Roofing Felts
Boat Hulls
Floor Coverings
Wall hangings
Dusters etc.,
Commercial Nonwoven
Products
• Nonwovens are designed to offer particular characteristics, suitable for
certain use. Their various properties are combined together in order to
create the required functionalities.
Source: INDA Estimates & Rory Holmes, INDA-CAB Conference 2012 (www.inda.org)
Nonwoven in
Technical Textiles
Technical Textiles are textile materials manufactured
mainly for their technical performance and functional
properties.
Kitchen
Clothing Floor Mops
Tea Bags Furnishing
Shoulder Pads Coffee Filters
Collar / Cuff Interlinings Carpets
Waddings in Jackets Vertical Blinds
Factory Wall Coverings
AGRO TEXTILE
NONWOVEN FABRICS
MULCHMAT * *
*
CATTLE SHED *
UNDERLAY
PROTECTIVE * * * * *
CLOTHING
Agriculture & Horticulture
Implantable Non-Implantable
Special Filtration
• Respirators
• Vacuum cleaners
• Kitchen hood filters
• Dust removal
Nonwoven applications in
CONSTRUCTION
- Sound insulation
- Anti-radiation-type construction textiles will be very important in the future.
- Foil, a special film, combined with materials such as foam thermal insulation products
- Resistance to hydrolysis with water, which is important in areas where contact is
inevitable PU-ether-based chemical applied to the use of textiles.
- Breathable, wind-and rain-proof light houses.
Household Textiles
In Shoes
A broad spectrum of applications including:
- Liners
- Counter liners
- Inter-liners and
- Reinforcing materials
Membranes and insoles ensure a healthy foot
climate and a high degree of foot comfort.
PACKAGING
Example Product:
Advantages of using nonwovens
• Food wrap: Meat
• Easy to recycle and compost
• Cheese and fish wrappers
• Easy to convert into pads and shapes
• Food contact packaging
• High tear resistance
• Tea & coffee bags
• Absorbent pads
• Sacks, bags & sachets
• Envelopes
• Sacks and bags
• Protection
• Sheets, bags, sacks, wraps for delicate
products
(Ex: electronic products, car bumpers, Rice Bag
leather goods)
Pesticide Protective Materials