Column Design: Design Calculations Page 1 of 9

COLUMN DESIGN CALCULATIONS

Project Name : Sample Project
Client Name : Bentley
Engineer Name : ARG
Design File : C:\Users\Public\Documents\RCDC CONNECT Edition\Design
Files\IS 456 + IS 13920-1993\IS 456 + IS 13920-1993_RCDC-Column-
Design.rcdx
Analysis File : D:\Scube\000 RCDC 2010\7.1.0\Sample Files\STAAD file\RCDC-
Staad-Demo.std
Analysis Last Modified : 6/25/2018 2:20:26 PM

Definitions Of Terms:
All forces in units kN and m
All reinforcement details like area, spacing are mm
Grade Of steel for 6 mm dia. bars is Fe250. It is irrespective of the grade of steel defined by
user in column design.
Neutral axis angle for resultant design moment is with respect to local major axis.
Stiffness proportion factor at joint ( column
1 β = stiffness/sum of stiffness of all members connected at
joint)
Elastically computed first order lateral deflection.
2 Δu =
(Relative deflections)
Strain at level considered, Calculated ignoring the
3 ε1 =
stiffening of the concrete in tension zone
4 εm = Average steel strain at level considered
Distance from the point considered to the surface of
5 acr =
the nearest longitudinal bar
6 Ag = Gross area of the column cross section
7 Ak = Area of confined concrete core
8 Ash = Area of link cross section
9 b = Effective Width of Column in mm
10 B = Width / Smaller Dimension of Column in mm
11 d = Effective Depth of Column in mm
Depth / Larger Dimension of Column OR Diameter
12 D =
of Circular Column in mm
Diameter Of core measured to the outside of circular
13 Dk =
link
14 Ec = Modulus of elasticity of concrete
15 Es = Modulus of elasticity of steel
16 FcPerm = Permissible Stress in Concrete required in N/ (sqmm)
17 Fst = Stress in steel
18 FstPerm = Permissible Stress in Steel required in N/ (sqmm)
Characteristic compressive strength of concrete cube
19 Fck =
in N/sqmm
20 Fy = Yield Stress Of Steel in N/sqmm
Longer dimension of rectangular link measured to its

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21 h = outer face
22 Hu = Total lateral force acting within the story(Story shear)
23 Hs = Height of the story (Floor height)
24 k = Reduction factor for slenderness moments
Additional moment due to slenderness about major
25 Max =
axis (Along D)
Additional moment due to slenderness about minor
26 May =
axis (Along B)
27 Mminx = Moment due to minimum eccentricity along D
28 Mminy = Moment due to minimum eccentricity along B
Moment capacity of web portion of wall as per clause
29 Muv =
9.4.2 and Annes A of IS 13920 - 1993
30 Mux = Factored moment Along D
31 Muy = Factored moment Along B
32 MCap = Moment capacity of section for NA angle at design Pu
33 MRes = Resultant design moment at angle to local major axis
34 Pb = Axial capacity of column as defined in 39.7.1.1
35 Pu = Factored axial force
Sum of Axial loads on all column in the story (Gravity
36 Pu_Total =
Load)
Stability Index (factor for checking sway/ non sway
37 Q =
condition for a given story)
38 S = Link Spacing
Multiplying factor for shear strength of concrete as
39 Shear Strength Enhancement Factor =
per 40.2.2
40 Vur = Factored resultant shear force acting on the column
41 Vux = Factored shear force Along D
42 Vuy = Factored shear force Along B
43 Wcr = Surface Crack Width
44 WcrPerm = Permissible Crack Width required in mm
It is a Neutral Axis angle corresponding to load angle
45 β =
to find out MCap

Code References:
IS 456
ELEMENT CLAUSE / table
1 Max area of reinforcement : 26.5.3.1-a & b
2 Min area of reinforcement : 26.5.3.1-a & b
3 Min number of bars : 26.5.3.1-c
4 Minimum Eccentricity Calc : 25.4 & 39.2
5 Effective Length : 25.2
6 Slenderness Moments : 25.3 & 39.7
7 Design for axial loads : 39.3
8 Design for axial loads And uniaxial bending : 39.5

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9 Design for axial loads And Biaxial bending : 39.6

10 Design of horizontal links : 26.5.3.2
11 Design shear strength : 40.2
12 Stiffness Proportion Factor, β : E-1
13 Stability(Index, Q) : E -2
14 Crack width calculation : 3.8
Multiplying factor to Beam Stiffness for
15 : SP 24 1983 APPENDIX D
effective length calculation

IS 13920 - 1993
ELEMENT CLAUSE / table
1 Spacing of special confining reinforcement : 9.4.5 and 7.4
2 C/s area of special confining reinforcement : 7.4.7
3 Applicability of boundary element : 9.4.1
4 Muv-Moment Capacity of Web : Annex
5 Additional Compressive Force in BE : 9.4.2
6 Check for BE in tension and compression : 9.4.3 and 9.4.4
7 Shear include due to Beam : 7.3.4

Sway Calculation (Stability Index)

For Global-X Direction
Level Load Story Gravity Relative Story Shear Stability Sway
Name Height Load P (kN) Displacements (kN) Index Condition
(m) (mm)
B x C / (A x
A B C D
D)
LOAD 3:
LOAD
0m to 4.2m 4.2 87181.396 2.135 2802.099 0.016 Non Sway
CASE 3
EQ-X
LOAD 3:
4.2m to LOAD
3.658 78307.423 2.232 2730.531 0.017 Non Sway
7.858m CASE 3
EQ-X
LOAD 3:
7.858m to LOAD
4.2 50346.67 2.741 2447.853 0.013 Non Sway
12.058m CASE 3
EQ-X
LOAD 3:
12.058m to LOAD
4.2 23613.071 1.986 1813.225 0.006 Non Sway
16.258m CASE 3
EQ-X

For Global-Y Direction

Level Load Story Gravity Relative Story Shear Stability Sway

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Name Height Load P (kN) Displacements (kN) Index Condition

(m) (mm)
B x C / (A x
A B C D
D)
LOAD 4:
LOAD
0m to 4.2m 4.2 87181.396 2.204 2802.099 0.016 Non Sway
CASE 4
EQ-Y
LOAD 4:
4.2m to LOAD
3.658 78307.423 2.466 2730.531 0.019 Non Sway
7.858m CASE 4
EQ-Y
LOAD 4:
7.858m to LOAD
4.2 50346.67 3.138 2447.853 0.015 Non Sway
12.058m CASE 4
EQ-Y
LOAD 4:
12.058m to LOAD
4.2 23613.071 2.253 1813.225 0.007 Non Sway
16.258m CASE 4
EQ-Y

General Data
Column No. : C1
Level : 0m To 4.2m
Design Code = IS 456 + IS 13920 - 1993
Grade Of Concrete = M25 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel = Fe415 N/sqmm
Column B = 700 mm
Column D = 700 mm
Live Load Reduction = 30 %
Clear Floor Height @ B = 3300 mm
Clear Floor Height @ D = 3300 mm
No Of Floors = 1
No Of Columns In Group = 1
Column Type : UnBraced
Minimum eccentricity check : One Axis at a Time

Load Data
Analysis Reference No. = 1
[12] : 0.9 (LOAD 1: LOAD
Load Combination = CASE 1) +1.5 (LOAD 4:
LOAD CASE 4 EQ-Y)
Critical Location = Bottom Joint
Pu = 640.35 kN
Mux = -16.47 kNm
Muy = 333.52 kNm

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Vux = -111.77 kN
Vuy = -13.24 kN

Effective Length Calculation

Calculation Along Major Axis Of Column
Beam Sizes Beam Stiffness
Column Beam 1 Beam 2
Joint Beta
Stiffness (Length x (Length x Beam 1 Beam 2
Width x Depth) Width x Depth)
N/m mm mm N/m N/m
Bottom 476.389 No Beam No Beam - - 1
8000 x 350 x
Top 476.389 No Beam 265.781 - 0.794
900
Sway Condition (as per Stability
= Non Sway
Index)
Effective Length Factor along Major
= 0.92
Axis

Calculation Along Minor Axis Of Column

Beam Sizes Beam Stiffness
Column Beam 1 Beam 2
Joint Beta
Stiffness (Length x (Length x Beam 1 Beam 2
Width x Depth) Width x Depth)
N/m mm mm N/m N/m
Bottom 476.389 No Beam No Beam - - 1
5710 x 350 x
Top 476.389 No Beam 372.373 - 0.733
900
Sway Condition (as per Stability
= Non Sway
Index)
Effective Length Factor along Minor
= 0.9
axis

Minimum Eccentricity Check

Since Axial Force is compressive, Min. Eccentricity check to be performed
Most critical case is with Min. Eccentricity check in X-direction
Minimum Eccentricity Along D:
Minimum Eccentricity = Unsupported Length / 500 + D / 30
= 29.93 mm
Minimum Eccentricity > 20 mm
Mminx = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 19.17 kNm
Slenderness Check
Max Slenderness Ratio(L/B) = 4.71
< 60 (Hence Ok)
Column Is Unbraced Along D
Slenderness Check Along D:

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               Effective Length Factor = 0.92

               Slenderness Ratio
Column Is Unbraced Along B
Slenderness Check Along B:
               Effective Length Factor
               Slenderness Ratio
= Effective Length / D
= 4.34, Column not Slender Along D
= 0.9
= Effective Length / B
= 4.24, Column not Slender Along B

Calculation of Design Moment

Direction Manalysis Mmin (Abs) Mdesign Mslndx (Abs) Mdesign-final
A B C E F
Major Axis - Mux -16.47 19.17 -19.17 0 -19.17
Minor Axis - Muy 333.52 --- 333.52 0 333.52

Where
A = Moments directly from analysis
B = Moments due to minimum eccentricity
C = Maximum of analysis moment and min. eccentricity = Max (A,B)
E = Moment due to slenderness effect
F = Final design Moment = Max(C- Top Bottom , D- Top Bottom) + E

Final Critical Design Forces

Pu = 640.35 kN
Mux = -19.17 kNm
Muy = 333.52 kNm

Resultant Moment (Combined Action)

Moment Capacity Check
Pt Calculated = 0.46
Reinforcement Provided = 20-T12
Load Angle = Tan-1(Muy/Mux)
= 86.71 deg
MRes = 334.07 kNm
MCap = 413.94 kNm
Capacity Ratio = MRes/ MCap
= 0.81 <= 1
Design Of Shear
Shear Calculation from Beam
Capacity
Along D:

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Height of column above level

= 1379 mm
considered (hst1)
Height of column below level
= 1650 mm
considered (hst2)
Height (hst) = 3929 mm
Along B:
Height of column above level
= 1379 mm
considered (hst1)
Height of column below level
= 1650 mm
considered (hst2)
Height (hst) = 3929 mm

Beam Beam Torsion Moment Capacity Beam @ Moment Capacity Beam @ Resultant Moment
Size angle moment Top Bottom
w.r.t.
column
Ly
Mu Ast req Ast pro Mu Top Top Bot Bot
Mu Ast req Ast pro Mu
cap cap Ly Lx Ly Lx
(mm) (deg) (kNm) (kNm) (sqmm) (sqmm) (kNm)
(kNm) (sqmm) (sqmm) (kNm) (kNm) (kNm) (kNm) (kNm)
350x900 0 0 476.4 1730.42 1809.54 495.7 162.44 855.18 1005.3 289.31 495.7 0 289.31 0
350x900 270 0 442.33 1593.01 1608.48 446.19 262.28 905.97 1005.3 289.31 0 446.19 0 289.31

Effective moment for Column

Mu Major (Along D) (kNm) Mu Minor (Along B) (kNm)
Left Right Left Right
Top 0 495.7 446.19 0
Bottom 0 289.31 289.31 0

Shear along D:
Sway Right
Vuy1 = 1.4 x (Left,Bottom + Right,Top)/hst
= 176.63 kN
Sway Left
Vuy2 = 1.4 x (Left,Top + Right,Bottom)/hst
= 103.09 kN
Shear along B:
Sway Left
Vux1 = 1.4 x (Left,Bottom + Right,Top)/hst
= 103.09 kN
Sway Right
Vux2 = 1.4 x (Left,Top + Right,Bottom)/hst
= 158.99 kN
Design for shear along D
[12] : 0.9 (LOAD 1: LOAD CASE 1)
Critical Load Combination =
+1.5 (LOAD 4: LOAD CASE 4 EQ-Y)

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Design shear force, Vuy = -13.2436 kN

Design shear, Maximum
= 176.63 kN
(Vuy,Vuy1,Vuy2)
Pu = 594.03
Deff = 644 mm
Design shear stress, Tvy = Vuy / (Bx Deff) N/sqmm
= 0.3918 N/sqmm
Pt = 0.231 %
Design shear strength, Tc = 0.3523 N/sqmm
Shear Strength Enhancement Factor = 1 + 3 x Pu / ( B x D x Fck)
= 1.1455
Shear Strength Enhancement Factor
= 1.5
(max)
Shear Strength Enhancement Factor = 1.1455
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e = 0.4035 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvy < Tc x Enhancement factor
Link for Shear Design along D are not
required

Design for shear along B

[12] : 0.9 (LOAD 1: LOAD CASE 1)
Critical Load Combination =
+1.5 (LOAD 4: LOAD CASE 4 EQ-Y)
Design shear force, Vux = -111.7657 kN
Design shear, Maximum
= 158.99 kN
(Vux,Vux1,Vux2)
Pu = 594.03
Beff = 644 mm
Design shear stress, Tvx = Vux / (D x Beff) kN
= 0.3527 N/sqmm
Pt = 0.231 %
Design shear strength, Tc = 0.3523 N/sqmm
Shear Strength Enhancement Factor = 1 + 3 x Pu / (B x D x Fck)
= 1.1455
Shear Strength Enhancement Factor
= 1.5
(max)
Shear Strength Enhancement Factor = 1.1455
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e = 0.4035 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvx < Tc x Enhancement factor
Link for Shear Design along B are not
required

Design Of Links
Links in the zone where special confining links are not required
Normal Links

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Diameter of link = 8 mm
> Max. longitudinal bar dia / 4
= 3 mm
Criterion for spacing of normal links
Min. Longitudinal Bar dia X 16 = 192 mm
Min. dimension of column = 700 mm
Max. 300 mm = 300 mm
Least lateral edge dimension/2 = 350

Provided spacing = 175 mm

Special confining reinforcement as

per IS 13920 - 1993
Min. Lateral dimension of column,B = 700 mm
B/4 = 175 mm
Hence Link spacing, S = 100 mm
Hoop dimension, h = 145.6 mm
Gross area of column, Ag = BxD
= 490000 sqmm
(B- 2 x cover to Link) x (D- 2 x cover
Core area of column, Ak =
to Link)
= 379456 sqmm
Area of special confining link, Ash = 0.18 x S x h x (Fck/Fy) x (Ag/Ak-1)
= 45.99 sqmm
Diameter of special confining link = 8 mm
= > Max. longitudinal bar dia / 4
= 3 mm
Zone for special confining links -
criterion
Max. Size of column,D = 700 mm
Clear height/6 = 550 mm
Minimum value = 450 mm

Hence length of confining zone = 700 mm

Table For Links

Required Provided
Normal Design Shear Design Ductile Design Normal Zone Ductile Zone
Link Dia. 8 --- 8 8 8
Spacing 175 --- 100 175 100

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