SUM(number1,number2,…)

Adds all the numbers in a range of cells.

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Value Result
4 15
8 35
3
9
2
3
6

Notes:
-You can use a range of numbers
-Empty cells and text values are ignored
-Alt + = is the shortcut to enter the SUM function

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AVERAGE(number1,number2,…)
Returns the average (arithmetic mean) of its arguments, which can be number or
names, arrays, or references that contain numbers.

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Value Result
4 5
8 5
3
9
2
3
6

Notes:
-You can use a range of numbers
-Empty cells and text values are ignored

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ROUND(number,num_digits)
Rounds a number to a specified number of digits.

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Value Result
123.6 124
123.3 123
23.847 23.85
23.847 20

Notes:
-You can use a negative number for num_digits
-Check out the ROUNDDOWN and ROUNDUP functions

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IF(logical_test,value_if_true,value_if_false)
Checks whether a condition is met, and returns one value if TRUE, and another
value if FALSE.

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Value 1 Value 2 Result

Jones Jones Yes
Smith Smyth No

Value 1 Value 2 Result

9 4 5

Notes:
-If the logical_test is invalid it returns a #VALUE! or #NAME! error

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COUNTIF(range,criteria)
Counts the number of cells within a range that meet the given condition.

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Value 1 Value 2 Result

Red 10 2
Blue 8 3
Green 2 5
Black 14 6
Green 7 2
8 3
Blue 14

Notes:
-The criteria must be in quotes
-The criteria ignores upper and lower case
-Use a named range to make it easier copying formulas
-Use wildcard characters of * or ?

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SUMIF(range,criteria,sum_range)
Adds the cells specified by a given condition or criteria.

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Value 1 Value 2 Result

Red 10 38
Blue 8 22
Green 2 41
Black 14 8
Green 7
8
Blue 14

Notes:
-The criteria must be in quotes
-The criteria ignores upper and lower case
-Use a named range to make it easier copying formulas
-The range and sum_range do not have to be the same size

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RANK(number,ref,order)
Returns the rank of a number in a list of numbers: its size relative to other values in the
list
RANK.AVG(number,ref,order)
Returns the rank of a number in a list of numbers; its size relative to other values in the
list; if ore than one value has the same rank, the average rank is returned.
RANK.EQ(number,ref,order)

Returns the rank of a number in a list of numbers; its size relative to other values in the
list; if ore than one value has the same rank, the top rank of that set of values is
returned.

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Value Result 1 Result 2 RANK.AVG RANK.EQ

4 4 4 4 4
8 2 6 2 2
3 5 2 5.5 5
9 1 7 1 1
2 7 1 7 7
3 5 2 5.5 5
6 3 5 3 3

Notes:
-If order is 0 or omitted ranks in decending order, otherwise ascending order
-Use RANK.AVG or RANK.EQ for more accuracy

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TODAY()
Returns the current date formatted as a date.

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Result
8/5/2019
8/10/2019
5
8
142

Notes:
-TODAY() is updated automatically when you open or refresh the spreadsheet
-Day or Month values must be formatted as a number rather than a date

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DATE(year,month,day)
Returns the number that represents the date in Microsoft Excel date-time code.

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Month Day Year Result

11 17 2019 11/17/2019
2019
11
17

Notes:
-Excel stores dates as sequencial numbers starting with 1 at January 1, 1900
-Format the cells to change between sequential numbers and date format
-Use YEAR, MONTH, and DAY to do the reverse

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VLOOKUP(lookup_value,table_array,col_index_num,range_lookup)

Looks for a value in the leftmost column of a table, and then returns a value in the
same row from a column you specify. By default, the table must be sorted in
ascending order.

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Value Result Name Sales

John 324 Fred 490
Fred 490 Sally 987
John 324
Mary 667
Tom 816

Notes:
-The lookup value must always be in the leftmost column of your table
-The result with be #N/A if nothing is found
-Use absolute references or name the table in order to copy formulas easily
-Description states that it must be sorted in ascending order. That is only required if you use TRUE in the range_lookup
-If you use a col_index_num beyond the table you selected it will return a #REF! error

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RUE in the range_lookup
FIND(find_text,within_text,start_num)
Returns the starting position of one text string within another text string (case
sensitive).
SEARCH(find_text,within_text,start_num)
Returns the starting position of one text string within another text string is first
found (not case-sensitive).
REPLACE(old_text,start_num,num_chars,new_text)
Replaces part of a text string with a different text string.

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Value Result
This is a test 3
6
#VALUE!
3
3
1
This is the test
This is a new test

Notes:
-If the start_num is omitted it is assumed to be 1
-Wildcard characters can be the question mark (?) or asterisk (*)
-Main differences between FIND and SEARCH is that SEARCH allows wildcards and is not case-sensitive

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CONCATENATE(text1,text2,…)
Joins several text strings into one text string.

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Value 1 Value 2 Result

Jesse James JesseJames
1 2 Jesse James
James, Jesse
Jesse James
12

Notes:
-Use quote marks around any text. Not required for numbers
-A #NAME? error usually means quote marks are missing where needed

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TRIM(text)
Removes all spaces from a text string except for single spaces between words.

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Value Result
This is a test This is a test

Notes:
-TRIM removes leading and trailing spaces as well as extra spaces between words
-TRIM is often used in conjuntion with LEN, LEFT, MID, and RIGHT to modify text

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LEN(text)
Returns the number of characters in a text string.

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Value Result
This is a test 19
14

Notes:
-LEN counts spaces in between words as well as added to the end
-LEN is often used in conjuntion with TRIM, LEFT, MID, and RIGHT to modify text

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LEFT(text,num_chars)
Returns the specified number of characters from the start of a text string.
RIGHT(text,num_chars)
Returns the specified number of characters from the end of a text string.

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Value Result
This is a test This
test

Notes:
-LEFT and RIGHT is often used in conjuntion with TRIM and MID to modify text
-Use MID if you need to start in the middle of text

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MID(text,start_num,num_chars)
Returns the characters from the middle of a text string, given a starting position and
length.

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Value Result
This is a test is

is a test

Notes:
-If start_num exceeds the legth of text, MID returns nothing
-If start_num + num_chars exceeds the length of text, MID returns the characters up to the end of text

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UPPER(text)
Converts a text string to all uppercase letters.
LOWER(text)
Converts a text string to all lower case letters.
PROPER(text)
Converts a text string to proper case; the first letter in each word to uppercase, and
all other letters to lowercase.

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Value Result
This is a test THIS IS A TEST
this is a test
This Is A Test

Notes:
-Numbers are ignored

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MIN(number1,number2,…)
Returns the smallest value in a set of values. Ignores logical values and text.
MAX(number1,number2,…)
Returns the largest value in a set of values. Ignores logical values and text.

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Value Result
4 3
8 2
3 2
9 8
2 9
3 9
6

Notes:
-You can use a range of numbers
-Empty cells and text values are ignored

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AND(logical1,logical2,…)
Checks whether all arguments are TRUE, and returns TRUE if all arguments are
TRUE.
OR(logical1,logical2,…)
Checks whether any of the arguments are TRUE, and returns TRUE or FALSE.
Returns FALSE only if all arguments are FALSE.

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Value Result
4 1
8 0
1
1
1

Notes:
-Also check out the NOT function

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IFERROR(value,value_if_error)
Returns value_if_error if expression is an error and the value of the expression itself
otherwise.

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Value 1 Value 2 Result

100 25 4
200 0 error
Test Text #VALUE! error

Notes:
-Evaluates errors of type #N/A, #VALUE!, #REF!, #DIV/0!, #NUM!, #NAME?, or #NULL!

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