Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
b) Land reclamation:
i) Land fill
ii) Restoration of derelict land
iii) Draining of swamps
iv) Emplodering
Landfill Process:
- Dykes are built to enclose the area to be reclaimed.
- (Elaboration) The dykes prevent water from flooding the area to be reclaimed.
- Enclosed area is filled with sand, soil, rocks or treated waste.
- The new land is stabilized by being compacted by machines or by planting deep-rooted
trees or grasses.
- The land can be developed after the land has settled.
How is it damaged?
- From natural events such as floods and fires.
- By excessive deforestation which causes soil erosion.
- By overgrazing which can cause soil erosion.
- Through contamination by chemical waste from mining.
How is it reclaimed?
- By reforestation to stop the soil erosion.
- By chemically treating the soil and water to remove harmful chemicals.
Draining of swamps:
• Drainage channels are built to drain water from swamps.
• Land is reclaimed for farming, recreation, industry and settlements.
• They are regarded as important sanctuaries for bird, fish and other life forms.
Emplodering Process:
- Dykes are built to enclose the area of lake/sea to be reclaimed.
- (Elaboration) These dykes are made of rock or concrete.
- The water in the enclosed area is pumped out.
- (Elaboration) The reclaimed land is called a polder.
- Coarse grass and reeds are grown to dry out the soil.
- The dry land is sub-divided into farmland and towns.
- Continuous pumping and draining of water has to be carried out.
AGRICULTURE:
a) Improved technology and farming methods:
- More effective fertilizers, trace elements to counter soil deficiencies,
- specially developed seeds and animals to withstand drought and pests.
c) Terracing:
• Changing steep slopes into a series of terraces can create more
usable farming land.
• The steps help slow runoff from rainwater and help it infiltrate into
the soil.