Main characteristics which will distinguish scientific research from common research.

1. Purposiveness

“Research should have a definite aim or purpose.”

2. Rigor

”A good theoratical base and sound methodological design give rigor to the research.
Rigor indicates carefulness and degree of exactitude in research.”

3. Testability

”Scientific research lend itself to testing logically developed hypothesis to see whether or
not data support the educated conjecture or hypothesis.”

4. Replicability

”The results of the test of hypothesis should be supported again and again when same
type of research is conducted in other similar circumstances.”

5. Precision and Confidence

”Precision refers to the closeness of the findings to reality based on a sample. Precision
reflects the degree of exactness and accuracy of the results on the basis of samples. Also
known as confidence interval in statistics.
Confidence refers to the probability that our estimation are correct so that we can
confidently claim that 95% of the time our results will be true and there is only 5%
chance of our results being false.”

6. Objectivity

”The conclusion drawn through the interpretation of the results of data analysis should be
objective that is, they should be based on facts of the findings derived from actual data
and not on our own subjective or emotional values.”

7. Generalizability

”It refers to the scope of replicability of the research findings in one organizational
settings to others, the wider the range of replicability of the solution generated by the
research the more useful the research is to the user.”

8. Parsimony

”Simplicity in explaining the phenomenon or problem that occur in generating the

solutions of the problem is preferred as compared to complex research frame work.
Effective managers always make sound and effective decisions on the basis of
scientific research. Scientific research focuses on solving problems in a step by step,
logical and organized manner (i.e. Identifying problem, Gathering data, analyzing it
& drawing a conclusion). Scientific research conducted in a proper manner always
produces repeatable and comparable research findings. Hallmarks of scientific
research are as follows:
• Purposive ness
• Rigor
• Testability
• Replicability
• Precision and confidence
• Objectivity
• Generalizibility
• Parsimony

As for the given case, the research has a clear purpose (i.e. to pinpoint the problem /
internal issues that are affecting the customer base).

The researchers and consultants carried out the research in a Rigorous manner (i.e.
the researchers developed a theoretical base & collected relevant detailed
information from a carefully picked sample of 25 employees and 100 customers).

The research mentioned in the case is Replicable and generalizable to other similar
situation in same / different organizations.

The management of the company is confident to have 90% precision (which is very
close to accuracy) in the research.

The research is being conducted by and independent consultants firm.

Furthermore, the researches (employees and customers) are being conducted
parallel to each other by independent researchers, which eliminates / reduces the
chances of biasness to the minimum level.

The research is conducted in a parsimonious manner.

identifying all the independent and dependent variables

2) data collection using survey instrument
3) making all the data make some kind of math-ish sense when writing
about it
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Scientific research refers to a body of techniques for investigating phenomena, acquiring
new knowledge or correcting and integrating previous knowledge consist of collection of
data through observation and experimentation and formulation and testing of hypothesis.
Non scientific research is investigating about human society and of individual
relationships in and to society.It consists of data through observation and presumes
relations among natural phenomena.