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Case 1:19-sw-05776-NRN Document 1 Filed 07/31/19 USDC Colorado Page 1 of 5

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Case 1:19-sw-05776-NRN Document 1-1 Filed 07/31/19 USDC Colorado Page 20 of 20

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