Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
DEFINITION OF SECURITY
- Generally, the meaning of security is a kind of state where people, institution, authority or groups feel
fully secured of feeling, free from any threat or vulnerability from somewhere or someone in his/her life,
liberty, property or activity. It could be in physical, psychological, social or economical form.
-It is a state or quality of being secured, freedom from fear or danger, assurance, certainty.
- Protection against any type of crime to safeguard life and assets by various methods and device.
1. Command Responsibility
-Cannot be delegated but the security tasks can be assigned.
2. Compartmentation
-Need to know basis
3. Balance between security and efficiency
-Security prevails over efficiency
4. General principles of security remain constant
-Specific measures to suit operations
5. Security is the concern of all personnel
-Regardless of rank, position, designation
1.ACTIVE MEASURES – these involve the installation of physical barriers, security lighting, use of
vaults, locks and others.
2.PASSIVE MEASURES – those that will deter man from committing such act of fear of being caught,
charge in court or get dismissed, such as: security education, programs, investigations, seminars,
personnel security check.
- The private security business began on March 11, 1933, when the first formally licensed private security
agency “Special Watchman Agency” started operations;
- Later it renamed “Jimenez Security Agency”, founded by brothers Juan and Pedro Jimenez;
- On May 30 1958, the Philippine Association of Detectives and Protective Agency Operations
(PADPAO) was formally organized;
-RA 5487 was passed on June 13, 1969 through the continuous lobbying of the incorporators and
officers of PADPAO, which set the standards and minimum requirements for the operations of security
agencies.
- P.D. 11 was passed on October 3, 1972, widening the coverage of RA 5487 to include security guards
employed in logging concessions, agricultural, mining and pasture lands;
- P.D. 100 was issued on January 17, 1973, broadening the coverage of the security industry to include
employees of the national or local government or any agency who are employed to watch or secure
government building and properties.
- On August 1969, the Philippine Constabulary activated the Security and Investigation Supervisory office
or SIASO to supervise and control the organization and operation of private security and detective
agencies nationwide;
- Later it was renamed Philippine Constabulary Supervisory Office for Security and Investigation
Agencies or PCSUSIA.
Quest Review Center – Industrial Security Management 1
- With the passage of RA 6975, this unit was absorbed by the Philippine National Police;
-Later it was made into a division of the PNP Civil Security Group and was renamed Security Agencies
and Guard Supervision Division (SAGSD);
- It was renamed to PNP Supervisory Office for Security Investigation Agency (SOSIA).
1. Physical Security
2. Personnel Security
3. Document and Information Security
TYPES OF SECURITY
1. PHYSICAL SECURITY
Definition
– a system of barriers placed between the potential intruder and the objects/matter to be
protected. It is the broadest branch of security, which is concerned with physical measures adopted to
prevent unauthorized access to equipment, facilities, materials and documents and to safeguard them
against espionage, sabotage, damage and theft.
OBJECTIVES:
a. To protect the organization’s asset;
b. To make access so difficult that an intruder will not dare attempt penetration.
CONCEPTS:
a. Enemy agents will always seek access;
b. Surreptitious entry is the greatest hazard to security;
c. There are no impenetrable barriers;
d. Each installation is different.
SECURITY HAZARD
An act or condition which results in a situation conducive to a breach of the protection system and
the subsequent loss or compromise, or damage to personnel, property or facilities.
KINDS OF HAZARDS
1. Man –Made Hazards – an acts or conditions affecting the safe of operation of the facility caused
by human action, accidental or intentional. It includes sabotage, espionage, pilferage and theft.
2. Natural Hazard – cause by natural phenomena which cause damage, disturbance and problems
of normal functioning activities, including security. It includes flood, lighting, storms and volcanic
eruptions.
1. FIRST LINE OF DEFENSE – Perimeter barrier/fences - a medium or structure which defines the
physical limits of an installation or area to restrict or impede access thereto.
2. SECOND LINE OF DEFENSE – Doors, floors, windows, walls, roofs and grills.
3. THIRD LINE OF DEFENSE – Storage system like steel cabinets, safes, vaults and interior files.
TYPES OF FENCES
1. SOLID FENCE – Constructed in such away that visual access through the fence is denied. Its
advantage is that it denies the opportunity for the intruder to become familiar with the personnel,
activities and the scheduled movements of the security personnel. On the other hand, it prevents the
guards from observing the area around the installation and it creates shadow that may be used by the
intruder for cover and concealment.
WALL – Masonry wall should have the same as the chain linked and surrounded by the barbed wire as
top guard.
2. FULL VIEW FENCE – It is constructed in such a way that visuals access is permitted through the
fence. Its advantage is that it allows the security personnel to keep the surrounding of the installation
under observation. On the other hand, it allows the intruder to become familiar with the movements the
security personnel.
2. BARBED WIRE FENCE - is a type of fencing wire constructed with sharp edges or points arranged at
intervals along the strand(s). It is used to construct inexpensive fences.
3. Concertina Wire or Dannert Wire – is a type of barbed wire or razor wire that is formed in large coils
which can be expanded like a concertina.
-Opened concertina wire is 50 feet long and 3 feet diameter.
CLEAR ZONE
- 20 feet or more between the perimeter barrier and exterior structure.
- 50 feet or more between the perimeter barrier and structure within the protected areas.
PROTECTION IN DEPTH
-In large open areas or ground, where fencing or walling is impracticable and expensive, warning signs
should be conspicuously placed.
- The depth itself is protection.
6. Signs and Notices – erected where necessary in the management of unauthorized ingress and
preclude accidental entry.
SECURITY LIGHTING
Provides sufficient illumination to areas during hours of darkness.
>Glare Protection Type – The intensity is focused to the intruder while the observer or
the guard remain in comparative darkness.
>Controlled lighting- The lighting is focused on certain objects than the background.
2. Standby Lighting – similar to continuous lighting but can be turned on manually or by special device
or other automatic means, when there is a suspicion of entry.
3. Emergency Lighting – stand by lighting which can be utilized in the event of electrical failure.
PROTECTIVE ALARMS
Is an aural or visual signal given by the annunciator to the security when intruder actuate certain
devices in a protected area. An annunciator is a visual or audible signaling device, which initiates
conditions of associated circuits.
Basically, alarm system are designed to alert security personnel of a attempted or consummated
intrusion into an area, building or compound. Each type of alarm is activated in the event that an intruder
tampers with the circuitry, a beam or radiated waves. Alarm are also for fire, smoke, or other
emergencies and presence of hazards.
3. Signal
- The actual alarm may be audible or silent, a bell, buzzer, phone ringing, or flashing of light.
FIRE PROTECTION
FIRE ALARM - - Any visual or audible signal produced by a device or system to warn the occupants of
the building or fire fighting elements of the presence or danger of fire to enable them to undertake
immediate action to save life and property and to suppress the fire.
DEVICES
1. Smoke Detector - a device placed at the ceilings of the floor that detects smoke, typically as an
indicator of fire.
2. Fire Bell -a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound.
AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER – a type of built in sprinklers which works by the increase of room
temperature and which automatically operates the system to put out the fire. Attached and distributed in
the ceiling of the rooms. These sprinklers will go into action once a fire starts, and those that will open
are those that are directly above the fire and water is delivered where it is needed.
STAND PIPES
G.I. steel or plastic pipes located inside the building from the lowest to the top floor with water under
pressure for use in case of fire. Located near the standpipe is a fire hose usually enclosed in a glass box.
FIRE HYDRANT
It is a mechanical device strategically located in an installation or in a street where a fire hose will be
connected so that the water will be available to extinguished a fire.
FIRE EXTINGUISHER
Is a fire fighting equipment which can is a fire fighting equipment which can be portable or in cart that is
used to put out fire depending on the contents to extinguish certain types of fire.
CLASSES OF FIRE
1. CLASS A FIRES –- involving ordinary combustible materials such as wood, cloth, and paper,
requires an extinguishing agent which cools. A water or multi-purpose dry chemical can be used.
2. CLASS B - fires involving flammable and combustible liquids and gases, such as solvents,
greases, gasoline, and lubricating oil, require an extinguisher which removes oxygen or cuts the chain
reaction. Foam, carbon dioxide, dry chemical, are effective.
3. CLASS C - fires involve energized electrical equipment (live electrical wires, electrical
appliances). A non-conducting extinguishing agent such as carbon dioxide or multi-purpose dry
chemical must be used.
4. CLASS D FIRES – the result of the combustion of certain materials in firely divided forms. These
metals can be magnesium, potassium, powdered aluminum and zinc.
PULL the pin - Fire extinguishers often have a pin, latch, or puncture lever that you need to
release first.
AIM low - Aim the nozzle or hose of the extinguisher at the base of the fire.
SQUEEZE the handle - This releases the extinguishing agent.
SWEEP from side to side - Move in close, and sweep across the base of the fire. Watch for re-
flash of the fire.
ALARM DEVICES
1. Magnetic Door Contact -is a protective device usually placed in the door, and window that can send
notification when the opening and closure occurs
2. Vibration Contact – devices mounted on barriers and are used primarily to detect an attack on the
structure itself. When movement or vibration occurs, the unstable portion of the circuit moves and breaks
the current flow, which produces an alarm.
IP CAMERA
>IP based cameras work by turning images and audio into data then transmitting this data over a
network or Internet connection.
>IP cameras are a type of Closed Circuit Television Camera (CCTV) used for capturing images
and audio recordings in surveillance for homes and businesses.
-The IP name stands for Internet Protocol, a system that allows the transmission of images captured by
a digital video recorder (DVR) to the end destination computers and these components together make up
a video security system.
PROTECTIVE LOCKS
LOCK – defined as mechanical, electrical, hydraulic or electronic device designed to prevent entry to a
building or room.
Type of Locks
1. Key – Operated Lock
- It uses some sort of arrangement of internal physical barriers which prevent the lock from operating
unless they are properly aligned. The key is the device used to align these internal barriers so that the
lock may be operated.
PADLOCK – a portable and detachable lock having a pivoted or sliding hasp which possess through a
staple ring, or the like and is made fast or secured.
BIOMETRICS
- A machine that can be used for identification of humans by their characteristics or traits.
- It is used as a form of identification and access control.
- It is equipped with recording device that can identify the person operating the lock and the time it was
operated.
KEY CONTROL
– defined as the management of keys in a plant or business organization to prevent unauthorized
individual access to the keys.
PETERMAN
-A term used in England for lock picker, safecrackers, and penetrators of restricted areas or rooms.
FALSE KEY
- Genuine key stolen from the owner
HUMAN BARRIER
Quest Review Center – Industrial Security Management 6
Security guard – Is any natural person who offers or renders personal service to watch or guard
residential or business premises or both, government and/or their premises for hire and compensation.
Security Supervisor – Is charged with directing the work and observing the behavioral performance of
the guard under his unit.
Republic Act 5487, as amended – The Private Security Agency Law, approved on June 13, 1969.
PNPSOSIA – Philippine National Police Supervisory Office for Security Investigation Agency – office
under the Civil Security Group which is charged with the supervision, direction and control of all security
agencies in the Republic.
WHO MAY ORGANIZE AND MAINTAIN PRIVATE SECURITY AGENCY AND PRIVATE DETECTIVE
AGENCY
Any Filipino citizen or corporation, association, partnership, one hundred percent of which is owned and
controlled by Filipino citizens.
1. Filipino citizen;
2. Not be less than twenty five (25) years of age;
3. College graduate and/or a commissioned officer in the inactive service or retired from the AFP or
PNP;
4. Has taken a course/seminar on Industrial Security Management and/or must have adequate
training or experience in security business,
4. Good moral character;
5. Having no previous record of conviction of crime or offense involving moral turpitude.
1. Filipino citizen;
2. High School graduate;
3 Physically and mentally fit;
4. At least eighteen (18) years of age but not more than fifty (50) years old;
5. Has undergone Pre-Licensing course or its equivalent.
Veterans and retired military/police personnel honorably discharge including graduates of ROTC
advance (or its equivalent in the PNP) are exempted from the required Basic-Licensing Training.
1. Filipino citizen;
2. Holder of a Baccalaureate Degree;
3. Physically and mentally fit;
4. Has graduated from a Security Officer Training Course or its equivalent
1. Filipino citizen;
2. Physically and mentally fit;
3. Holder of Masters degree either in Criminology, Public Administration, MNSA, Industrial Security
Administration, or Law
4. Must have at least ten (10) years experience in the operation and management of security
business.
PRIVATE DETECTIVE
Any person who does detective work for hire, reward or commission, other than members of the AFP,
BJMP, PNP or any other law enforcement agencies.
DISQUALIFICATIONS
MORAL TURPITUDE
It is an act of baseness, vileness or depravity in the private and social duties which a man owes
to his fellowmen or to society in general, contrary to the accepted and customary rule of right and duty
between a man and man.
Conduct that is considered contrary to community standards of justice, honesty and good morals.
Examples . Rape, Forgery, Robbery
2. Security Agency service – security guard belonging to privately licensed agency (contractual
basis);
3. Government Guard Forces –security unit maintained and operated by any government entity
other than military or police.
POSSESSION OF FIREARMS
1. One (1) firearm for every two (2) security guards;
2. Private security agency/private detective agency/company security force/government security
force shall not be allowed to possess firearms in excess of five hundred (500) units.
3. Shotguns not higher than 12 gauge
4. Weapons with bores not bigger than cal .22 to include pistols and revolvers with bores bigger
than cal .38
Exemptions: in areas where there is an upsurge of lawlessness and criminality as determined by the
Chief PNP, Regional Office or their authorized representative, they may be allowed to acquire, possess
and use high powered firearms.
1. Private Security Agency – minimum of two hundred (200) licensed private security personnel
and a maximum of one thousand (1,000).
2. Company Guard Force/Private Detective Agency – minimum of thirty (30) and a maximum of One
thousand (1,000)
1. No firearm shall be borne nor be in the possession of any private security personnel except when
in actual performance of duty, in the prescribed uniform, in the place and time so specified in the
Duty Detail Order (DDO).
Quest Review Center – Industrial Security Management 8
2. Shall be carried only within the compound of the establishment where he is assigned to guard.
3. While escorting big amount of cash or valuable outside of its jurisdiction or area of operation,
private security agency shall issue an appropriate Duty Detail Order to the security personnel
concerned
Duty Detail Order (DDO) – is a written order/schedule issued by a superior officer usually the private
security agency/branch manager or operations officer assigning the performance of private
security/detective services duties.
DDO for the purpose of post duties not requiring transport of firearms outside of the physical
compound or property of a client or client establishment shall be issued for not more than a thirty (30)
days duration
Chief PNP
-Approval of New Regular LTO
-Cancellation of Regular LTO
-Re-instatement of Regular LTO
-Suspension of Regular LTO
SURETY BOND
Agency with 1 -199 guards – P50,000.00
Agency with 200-499 guards – P100,000.00
Agency with 500-799 guards – P150,000.00
Agency with 800-1000 guards – P200,000.00
STOCKING OF AMMUNITION
1. Stocks of ammunition in the agency shall not exceed fifty (50) rounds of ammunition per unit of
duly licensed firearms.
2. Individual issue to each security guards shall be limited to twenty five (25) rounds for every
security guard.
3. Security guard
3.1 Security Guard 1 – Watchman/guard- the one actually posted as watchman and or guard
3.2 Security Guard 2 – Shift in- charge – responsible for the security officers who are scheduled
in a certain shift for a particular period
3.3 Security Guard 3 – Post in- charge –responsible for the entire detailed security office within a
certain establishment.
Note: Security Agency operator/manager/owner can put its own staffing pattern provided it is
consistent with the provisions of IRR of RA 5487.
DISADVANTAGES:
1. May be required to join the union;
2. Cost more;
3 Problem of ensuring availability of back-up personnel.
DISADVANTAGES:
1. Lack of training, low caliber employee;
2. No loyalty to the company;
3. Large turnover
Quest Review Center – Industrial Security Management 10
4. Not familiar with facilities
1. Territorial Power – A security guard shall watch and secure the property of the person, firm or
establishment with whom he or his agency has a contract for security services. Such services shall not
extend beyond the property or compound of said person, firm or establishment except when required by
the latter in accordance with the terms of their contract, or in hot pursuit of criminal offenders.
2. Arrest by Security Guard – A security guard or private detective is not a police officer and is not,
therefore, clothed with police authority. However, he may arrest a person under the circumstances
mentioned in Section 5, Rule 113, Revised Rules of Criminal Procedure.
3. Search without Warrant – Any security guard may, incident to the arrest, search the person so
arrested in the presence of at least two (2) witnesses. He may search employees of the firm or
establishment with which he or his agency has a contract, when such search is required by the very
nature of the business of the person, firm or establishment.
1. All private security personnel in direct confrontation with strikers, marchers or demonstrators shall
not carry firearms. They may carry only night sticks (baton) which may or may not be provided
with tear gas canister and dispenser. Security personnel not in direct confrontation with the
strikers may carry in the usual prescribed manner their issued firearm.
2. Private Security personnel shall avoid direct contact either physically or otherwise with the
strikers;
3. They shall stay only within the perimeter of the installation which they are protecting at all times;
4. In protecting and securing the assets and persons of their clients, shall only use sufficient and
reasonable force necessary to overcome the risk or danger posed by strikers or hostile crowds.
5. They shall refrain from abetting or assisting acts of management leading to physical clash of
forces between labor and management.
6. They must at all times be in complete uniform with their names and agency’s name shown on
their shirts above the breast pockets.
In case of emergency or in times of disaster or calamities, the Chief, PNP may deputize any
security guard to assist the PNP in the performance of police duties for the duration of such emergency,
disaster or calamity. Licensed guards, who are actually assigned to clients with DDO, shall be deputized
by the Chief, PNP, and clothed with authority to enforce laws, rules and regulations within his area of
responsibility.
1. Private security personnel are always subordinate to members of the PNP on matters pertaining to law
enforcement and crime prevention. They cannot enforce any provision of the law except in executing
citizen’s arrest and/or conducting initial investigation of a commission of a crime. In such case, any
arrested person shall be turned over immediately to the nearest PNP unit/station.
2. Criminal investigation is the responsibility of the PNP. All results of initial investigation conducted by
the private security personnel and all evidence gathered by them shall be turned over to the PNP
unit/station concerned as a matter of course without delay.
Theft – committed by any person, who with intent to gain but without violence, against, or
intimidation of persons nor force upon things shall take personal property of another without the latter
consent.
1. The need or desire . An individual may need or desire to commit the act because of financial
problem, inadequate income, extravagant living, gambling.
2. The psychological need (Kleptomania) -is an irresistible urge to steal items of trivial value. People
with this disorder are compelled to steal things, generally, but not limited to, objects of little or no
significant value.
3. The criminal tendency. The individual with such tendency may be more tempted to steal if security
control are inadequate.
Casual Pilferer – One who steals due to his inability to resist the unexpected opportunity and has a little
fear of detection.
Systematic Pilferer – One who steals with preconceived plans and takes away any or all types of items
or supplies for economic gain.
COMMUNICATION SECURITY – is the protection resulting from the application of various measures
which prevent or delay the enemy or unauthorized persons in gaining information through the
communication system. This includes:
a. Transmission Security – component of communications security which results from all
measures designed to protect transmission from interception.
Quest Review Center – Industrial Security Management 12
b. Cryptographic Security – results from the provisions of technically sound crypto-system and
their proper use.
c. Physical Security – providing safeguards to equipment and material from access by
unauthorized persons.
1. Wiretapping - is the monitoring of telephone conversations by a third party, often by covert means.
2. Bugging – means to secretly listen to or record a conversation using a hidden electronic device.
3. Eavesdropping (unauthorized listening)- is the unauthorized real-time interception of a private
communication, such as a phone call, instant message, videoconference or fax transmission.
UNLAWFUL ACTS
Sec. 1
It shall be unlawful for any person, not being authorized by all the parties to any private
communication or spoken word, to tap any wire or cable, or by using any other device or arrangement, to
secretly overhear, intercept, or record such communication or spoken word by using a device commonly
known as a dictaphone or dictagraph or dictaphone or walkie-talkie or tape recorder
It shall also be unlawful for any person, be he a participant or not in the act or acts penalized in the next
preceding sentence, to knowingly possess any tape record, wire record, disc record, or any other such
record, or copies thereof, of any communication or spoken word secured either before or after the
effective date of this Act in the manner prohibited by this law; or to replay the same for any other person
or persons; or to communicate the contents thereof, either verbally or in writing, or to furnish
transcriptions thereof, whether complete or partial, to any other person:
Provided, That the use of such record or any copies thereof as evidence in any civil, criminal
investigation or trial of offenses mentioned in section 3 hereof, shall not be covered by this prohibition.
Sec. 3
Nothing contained in this Act, however, shall render it unlawful or punishable for any peace officer, who
is authorized by a written order of the Court, to execute any of the acts declared to be unlawful in the two
preceding sections in cases involving the crimes of treason, espionage, provoking war and disloyalty in
case of war, piracy, mutiny in the high seas, rebellion, conspiracy and proposal to commit rebellion,
inciting to rebellion, sedition, conspiracy to commit sedition, inciting to sedition, kidnapping as defined by
the Revised Penal Code, and violations of Commonwealth Act No. 616, punishing espionage and other
offenses against national security:
AUTHORIZATION
The authorization shall be effective for the period specified in the order which shall not exceed sixty (60)
days from the date of issuance of the order, unless extended or renewed by the court upon being
satisfied that such extension or renewal is in the public interest.
The court referred to in this section shall be understood to mean the Court of First Instance within whose
territorial jurisdiction the acts for which authority is applied for are to be executed.
BANK SECURITY – a specialized type of physical security protecting the assets, personnel and
operation of a bank, with special emphasis on the precaution and measures to safeguard the cash and
assets while in s storage, in transit, and during transaction.
>Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) Circular No. 620 Issued on September 3, 2008 – a
Circular issued by BSP concerning regulations on Bank protection which aims to promote maximum
protection of life and property against crimes (robbery, theft, etc), and other destructive causes.
Guard System – BSP requires that all banking offices be manned by adequate number of security
personnel to be determined by the bank, taking into consideration its size, location, costs and overall
bank protection requirement.
In armored Car operations – all armored vehicles are required to be built with bullet resistant materials
capable of withstanding the firepower of high powered firearm (M16, M14). Also equipped with a vault or
safe or a partition wall with a combination lock designed to prevent retrieval of the cargo while in transit.
DOCUMENT AND INFORMATION SECURITY – Security involving the protection of documents and
information from loss, access by unauthorized persons
> prescribes the policies and establishes the standard basic procedures governing the
classification and security of official matter.
GENERAL PRINCIPLES
1. The authority and responsibility for the preparation and classification of classified matter rest
exclusively with the originating office;
2. Classified matter should be classified according to content and not the classification of the file in which
they are held or of another document to which they refer;
3. Classification should be made as soon as possible by placing the appropriate marks on the matter to
be classified;
4. Each individual whose duty allows access to classified matter is responsible for the protection of the
classified matter while it is in his/her possession and shall insure that dissemination of such classified
matter is on the “need to know” basis and to “property cleared personnel only”.
DEFINITION OF DOCUMENT
- Any material that contains marks, symbols, or signs, either visible, partially visible or completely
invisible that may be presently or ultimately convey a meaning or message to someone.
CLASSIFY – refers to the act of assigning to information or material one of the four security classification
categories after determination has been made that the information requires the security protection as
provided for in the regulation;
COMPARTMENTATION – Refers to the grant of access to classified matter only to properly cleared
persons when such classified information is required in the performance of their official duties, and
restricting it to specific physical confine when feasible.
NEED TO KNOW – term given to the requirement that the dissemination of classified matters be limited
strictly to those persons whose official duties require knowledge thereof.
CLASSIFICATION OF DOCUMENTS
-Memorandum Circular No. 196, dated 07/19/1968 (Security of Classified Matter in government offices.)
1. TOP SECRET – any information and material, the unauthorized disclosure of which would cause
exceptionally grave damage to the nation, politically, economically or militarily;
2. SECRET- any information and material, the unauthorized disclosure of which would endanger
national security, cause serious injury to the interest or prestige of the nation or any governmental
activity.
3. CONFIDENTIAL – any information and materials, the unauthorized disclosure of which would be
prejudicial to the interest or prestige of the nation or governmental activity or would cause
administrative embarrassment or unwarranted injury.
4. RESTRICTED – any information and material which requires special protection other than those
determined to be Confidential, Secret, and Top Secret matters.
METHOD OF TRANSMISSION
1. By direct contact of officer or personnel concerned;
2. By official courier;
3. Electrical means in cryptographic form
4. Registered Mail
STORAGE
shall be in a safe, steel filing cabinet with built in dial type combination lock of such weight, size
and construction as to minimize the possibility of physical theft or damage to fire.
OPERATIONAL SECURITY – part of physical security that deals primarily with the protection of
processes, formulas, patents, and other industrial and manufacturing activities from espionage,
infiltration, loss, compromise or photocopying;
INFORMATION CYCLE
1. The Creation – Information is discovered and develop;
2. Used – Some action is take with the information;
3. Storage and Retrieval – Stored for future use;
4. Transfer – transferring of information from active to inactive use;
5. Disposition – decision may be made to retain the information indefinitely.
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES [Republic Act No. 8293] Approved on
June 6, 1997
Competitive Intelligence – systematic program for gathering and analyzing information about
competitor’s activities and general business trends to further company’s goals.
TYPES OF DOCUMENTS
Class I – Vital Document – This is an irreplaceable records , reproduction of which does not have the
same value as the original;
Class II – Important Document- This is a record, reproduction of which cause considerable expense
and labor, or considerable delay.
Class III – Useful Document – This is a record, the loss of which may cause inconvenience but could
be readily replaced and may not present insurmountable obstacle to the prompt restoration of the
business;
Class IV- Non essential Document – This record may include daily files, routine in nature, lost of which
will not affect the organization.
STORAGE
PERSONNEL SECURITY
- refers to the procedure followed, inquiries conducted, and criteria applied to determine the work
suitability of a particular applicant or the retention of a particular employee.
PURPOSE
1. To ensure that hired employees are best suited to assist the organization in achieving its mission and
vision;
2. To assist in providing the necessary security to the employees while they carry out their functions.
TYPES OF PSI
1. National Agency Check
2. Local Agency Check
3. Partial Background Investigation
4. Complete Background Investigation
INVESTIGATIVE COVERAGE
1. Prior Employment;
2. Claimed education;
3. Claimed residence for the period covered in the employment and educational institutes;
4. If the candidate indicates a criminal record, then the details should be checked.
INVESTIGATIVE STANDARDS
1. Information sought should be relevant;
2. Information should be reliable;
3. If unfavorable, the information should be confirmed by at least two sources.
SECURITY SURVEY
- A fact finding probe to determine a plant’s adequacy in all aspects of security, with the
corresponding recommendations.
- Refers to checklist, audits, or inventories of security conditions.
- Security Surveys are often called ‘RISK ANALYSIS SURVEYS’ or ‘RISK ASESSMENT
SURVEYS
After completing the survey an immediate review of the findings should be undertaken with the plant
supervisor so that urgent deficiencies can be addressed.
> A follow-up survey should always be conducted to ensure improvements
> Any survey report including lists of recommendations is incomplete without including a cost-
benefit analysis, which is ;
“ a direct comparison of the cost of operation of the security unit and all the existing security measures
with the amount of the corporate assets saved or recovered as well as reduction of losses caused by
injuries and lost production and recommendations have been made”.
PLANNING
-Process of developing methods or procedures or an arrangement of parts intended to facilitate the
accomplishment of a definite objective.
-The process of setting goals, developing strategies, and outlining tasks and schedules to accomplish the
goals.
SECURITY PLANNING
It is PRE-DETERMINING a course of action;
It is deciding IN ADVANCE what to do, how to do it, and who is to do it.
PERSONAL SECURITY
Protection of personnel especially ranking official from any harm, kidnap, and others act. VIP
security is type of personnel security;
POLICE SECURITY PROTECTION GROUP (PSPG) - is mandated by law to provide protective security
to government officials, foreign dignitaries, and private individuals authorized to be given protection and
also provide physical security to vital installations, and assist the Presidential Security Group (PSG) in
securing the President and the members of the First Family.
PROTECTIVE CUSTODY – state or quality of being secured or freed from danger. It may also includes
the various means or device designed to guard a persons and property against a broad range of security
hazard.
EMERGENCY SITUATION – condition or state that danger has already occurred which resulted to loss
of life/liberty and/or there is imminent danger or threat to life and property where delay will endanger or
may cause the loss of life/property.
DEFINITION OF TERMS:
1. Access List – authenticated list of personnel given to the security allowing entry to a compound or
installation or part thereof;
2. Controlled Area – an area near or adjacent to limited or exclusive areas where entry is restricted;
3. Dry-run – practical test or exercise of plans or any activity to test its validity, an operational readiness
exercise;
4. Duress Code – type of code system so that security personnel or any employee when forced by
armed men intending to enter an installation can five alarm by the use of certain words in casual
conversation with personnel in the installation.
5. Exclusion Area – a restricted area containing materials or operation of security interest;
6. Restricted area – any area access to which is subject to special restriction control;
7. Security Hazard – Is any act or condition, which may result in the compromise of information, loss of
life, loss or destruction of property or disruption of objectives of the installation.
TYPES OF SECURITY
1. Industrial Security – A form of physical security that is concerned with the physical measures
designed to safeguard personnel and prevent unauthorized access to equipment, facilities,
materials, documents, and to protect them from espionage, sabotage, damage or theft.
2. Bank Security – Is the protection resulting from the application of various measures which
safeguards cash and assets which are in storage, in transit and or during transaction.
3. Operational Security – Involves the protection of processes, formulas and patents, industrial
and manufacturing activities from espionage, infiltration, loss, compromise or photocopying.