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MENTAL HEALTH

Females are more like to suffer from depression while males on the hand
are more likely to suffer from autism, attention deficit/hyperactivity
disorder, conduct disorder, specific language impairment
“This is important, as many mental illnesses are more common in one sex over the
other and we still don’t understand why this is. Understanding this could well help
us understand some of the biological mechanisms that give rise to these illnesses,
which could then enable the development of better targeted treatments. Important
questions remain, such as whether the sexes tend to have differences in brain
chemistry and how this may relate to brain function.”
Men are from Mars, women are from Venus? New brain study says not
Heidi Johansen-Berg, professor of cognitive neuroscience at Oxford University,
https://www.theguardian.com/science/2015/nov/30/brain-sex-men-from-mars-women-venus-not-so-says-new-study
“In general, boys have more difficulties than girls. They’re more likely to experience mental
retardation, dyslexia, stuttering, and behavior problems than girls. Color blindness is found
among about 8 percent of males but only 0.5 percent of females. Autism is five times more
common in boys than girls. ADHD is three times more common. Hemophilia affects one in
five thousand males but almost no females.Some of this can be explained by chromosomes.
Men have an X and a Y chromosome. Women have two copies of the X. Girls have fewer
disorders carried on the X chromosome because they have a spare.”
-Sex Matters: How Modern feminism lost touch with science, love, and common sense by Mona Charen
These biological differences seem to have consequences for mental health. An article in the
Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Review points to well-known differences between men and
women in susceptibility to mental disorders: “Examples of male-biased conditions include
autism, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, conduct disorder, specific language
impairment, Tourette syndrome, and dyslexia, and examples of female-biased
conditions include depression, anxiety disorder, and anorexia nervosa.”
--Ruigrok et al., “A meta-analysis of sex differences in human brain structure,” 35.”
“This is important, as many mental illnesses are more common in one sex over
the other and we still don’t understand why this is. Understanding this could
well help us understand some of the biological mechanisms that give rise to
these illnesses, which could then enable the development of better targeted
treatments. Important questions remain, such as whether the sexes tend to have
differences in brain chemistry and how this may relate to brain function.”
Acknowledging sex-based differences is vital for women’s health, as
Jill Goldstein and colleagues emphasize in a paper for Frontiers in
Neuroscience. “We now know there are significant sex differences in
many chronic diseases, including brain disorders,” they write, so
understanding the causes of these differences “is critical to
understanding women’s mental health and healthcare needs.”
--Jill M. Goldstein et al., “Fetal hormonal programming of sex differences in depression: linking women’s mental health with sex differences in
the brain across the lifespan,” Frontiers in Neuroscience 8 (September 2014), https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4157606/.”
They cite studies demonstrating, for example, that “the
vulnerability for sex-dependent risk for MDD [major depressive
disorder] begins in fetal development” (their italics).
Neuroscience must therefore “adopt a ‘sex-dependent’ and/or
‘sex-specific’ lens on investigations of the brain.”
--Jill M. Goldstein et al., “Fetal hormonal programming of sex differences in depression: linking women’s mental health with sex differences in
the brain across the lifespan,” Frontiers in Neuroscience 8 (September 2014), https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4157606/.”
A literature review in the Journal of Cellular Physiology tells us
that “men are able to synthesize serotonin, the
neurotransmitter commonly associated with
pleasant moods, at a greater rate than women,” and
therefore men have a lower incidence of major depression, anxiety,
and multiple sclerosis, but a higher incidence of attention deficit
hyperactive disorder and coronary artery disease.
-Rigby and Kulathinal, “Genetic architecture of sexual dimorphism in humans,” 2304.
There are also differences in susceptibility to Alzheimer’s disease
and dementia. While scientists don’t know how much of these
differences are due to environment and how much to biology, they
do know that “innate physiological differences between
males and females may play a large role in sex
differences in disease onset, susceptibility,
prevalence, and treatment responses.”
-Rigby and Kulathinal, “Genetic architecture of sexual dimorphism in humans,” 2036, 2304.
Men and women also tend to respond differently to pain, which has
important implications for the use of painkillers and other medicines. Men
and women have “variable responses to pharmacological agents and the
initiation and manifestation of diseases such as obesity, autoimmune
disorders, and coronary heart disease, to name a few.”
--Institute of Medicine, Exploring the Biological Contributions to Human Health, 7.
DEBRA SOH .PHD. NEUROSEXISM

“…an immense body of neuroimaging


research has shown brain differences
between the sexes. One meta-analysis of 126
studies found that men have larger total brain
volumes than women. Men also show greater
white matter connectivity running from the
front to the back of the brain, while women
have more of these connections running
between the two hemispheres.”

-[Debra W. Soh] Myth of gender-neutral parenting By Korea Herald


http://m.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20170113000780&fbclid=IwAR0lxic6-
qTQs09LpIJrBCeDEvOQ84pf87uL_dw9JejXubcIravU0q1Ln_I#cb
DEBRA SOH .PHD. NEUROSEXISM

“Additionally, when researchers reanalyzed


the data from the “no sex differences” study,
they found that it was possible to correctly
identify whether a brain was male or female 73
percent of the time. But this discovery did not
receive much attention from the media. As a
result, the initial study’s misinformation
continues to spread.”

-[Debra W. Soh] Myth of gender-neutral parenting By Korea Herald


http://m.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20170113000780&fbclid=IwAR0lxic6-
qTQs09LpIJrBCeDEvOQ84pf87uL_dw9JejXubcIravU0q1Ln_I#cb
DEBRA SOH .PHD. NEUROSEXISM

“I hear from many well-meaning parents who


raised their children in gender-neutral homes
and were surprised to find that they nevertheless
gravitated toward stereotypical interests and
toys. Little boys who were given pots and pans
to play with turned them into makeshift toy cars,
complete with self-generated engine sounds.
Little girls turned to one another and started
playing house.”

-[Debra W. Soh] Myth of gender-neutral parenting By Korea Herald


http://m.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20170113000780&fbclid=IwAR0lxic6-
qTQs09LpIJrBCeDEvOQ84pf87uL_dw9JejXubcIravU0q1Ln_I#cb
DEBRA SOH .PHD. NEUROSEXISM

“Soh recounts the stories of parent-patients


obsessed with gender neutrality who are
shocked when their little girls favor dolls and
their little boys favor cars. Apparently, gender
isn’t a construct after all. At least not
scientifically speaking.
In fact, the only real instance of gender nonconformity among children occurs among girls with congenital adrenal hyperplasia, or CAH. Exposed to high
levels of testosterone while in the womb, these girls tend to prefer boys’ toys, even when encouraged otherwise by their parents. Soh notes that even this
study provides important evidence regarding “…the vital role of hormones in developing gender preferences and sex differences in behavior…””

-[Debra W. Soh] Myth of gender-neutral parenting By Korea Herald


http://m.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20170113000780&fbclid=IwAR0lxic6-
qTQs09LpIJrBCeDEvOQ84pf87uL_dw9JejXubcIravU0q1Ln_I#cb
The brain is a roadmap of neural pathways linking many networks that help us process information and
react accordingly, with behavior controlled by several of these sub-networks working in conjunction.

In the study, the researchers found that females displayed greater connectivity in the supratentorial region,
which contains the cerebrum, the largest part of the brain, between the left and right hemispheres. Males,
on the other hand, displayed greater connectivity within each hemisphere.

By contrast, the opposite prevailed in the cerebellum, the part of the brain that plays a major role in motor
control, where males displayed greater inter-hemispheric connectivity and females displayed greater intra-
hemispheric connectivity.

These connections likely give men an efficient system for coordinated action, where the cerebellum and
cortex participate in bridging between perceptual experiences in the back of the brain, and action, in the
front of the brain, according to the authors. The female connections likely facilitate integration of the
analytic and sequential processing modes of the left hemisphere with the spatial, intuitive information
processing modes of the right side.
The authors observed only a few gender differences in the connectivity in
children younger than 13 years, but the differences were more pronounced in
adolescents aged 14 to 17 years and young adults older than 17.

The findings were also consistent with a Penn behavior study, of which this
imaging study was a subset of, that demonstrated pronounced sexual
differences. Females outperformed males on attention, word and face
memory, and social cognition tests. Males performed better on spatial
processing and sensorimotor speed. Those differences were most
pronounced in the 12 to 14 age range.
Neural map of a typical man's brain. Photograph: National Academy of Sciences/PA
Neural map of a typical woman's brain.
Photograph: National Academy of Sciences/PA
Neural map of a
Neural map of a typical woman's
typical man's brain. Photograph:
brain. Photograph: National Academy
National Academy of Sciences/PA
of Sciences/PA

Scientists have drawn on nearly 1,000 brain scans to


confirm what many had surely concluded long ago: that stark
differences exist in the wiring of male and female brains.
Neural map of a
Neural map of a typical woman's
typical man's brain. Photograph:
brain. Photograph: National Academy
National Academy of Sciences/PA
of Sciences/PA

Maps of neural circuitry showed that on average women's brains were highly
connected across the left and right hemispheres, in contrast to men's brains, where
the connections were typically stronger between the front and back regions.
Neural map of a typical man's brain. Photograph: Neural map of a typical woman's brain. Photograph:
National Academy of Sciences/PA National Academy of Sciences/PA

"If you look at functional studies, the left of the brain is more for logical
thinking, the right of the brain is for more intuitive thinking. So if there's
a task that involves doing both of those things, it would seem that
women are hardwired to do those better," Verma said.
Neural map of a typical man's brain. Photograph: Neural map of a typical woman's brain. Photograph:
National Academy of Sciences/PA National Academy of Sciences/PA

Verma said. "Women are better at intuitive thinking. Women are better
at remembering things. When you talk, women are more emotionally
involved – they will listen more.” She added: "I was surprised that it
matched a lot of the stereotypes that we think we have in our heads.
If I wanted to go to a chef or a hairstylist, they are mainly men."
Neural map of a
Neural map of a typical woman's
typical man's brain. Photograph:
brain. Photograph: National Academy
National Academy of Sciences/PA
of Sciences/PA

Male and female brains showed few differences in connectivity up to the


age of 13, but became more differentiated in 14- to 17-year-olds.
Neural map of a
Neural map of a typical woman's
typical man's brain. Photograph:
brain. Photograph: National Academy
National Academy of Sciences/PA
of Sciences/PA

"It's quite striking how complementary the brains of women and men really are," Ruben Gur, a
co-author on the study, said in a statement. "Detailed connectome maps of the brain will not only
help us better understand the differences between how men and women think, but it will also
give us more insight into the roots of neurological disorders, which are often sex-related."
Women have more acute senses of smell, touch, and hearing, and

see better in the dark.” -Moir and Jessel, Brain Sex, 100. 

“Women are more sensitive to acute pain but are better able to
handle longterm discomfort than men. Women’s brains are denser
than men’s in the centers that regulate hearing and language. The
hippocampus, the center for governing emotion and memory, is
larger in women.” -Brizendine, The Female Brain, 5.
“Men’s brains are also more compartmentalized than women’s. In
the 1960s, Dr. Herbert Lansdell, a Maryland psychologist, studied
epileptics who had had parts of their brains removed to help them
cope with extreme seizures. ” -Sex Matters: How Modern feminism lost
touch with science, love, and common sense by Mona Charen
“He noticed that when one particular brain part was removed from
men’s brains, they lost nearly all their capacity for spatial reasoning.
Women did not, which indicated to Lansdell that spatial relations skills
are located in one particular part of the male brain but in several places
in the female brain. ” -Sex Matters: How Modern feminism lost touch with science, love, and common sense by Mona Charen
“Also, women use both sides of their brains for tasks, whereas men’s
brains are more specialized, with tasks performed predominantly by
either the left or the right hemisphere. ” -Sex Matters: How Modern feminism
lost touch with science, love, and common sense by Mona Charen
“This is important, as many mental illnesses are more common in one sex over
the other and we still don’t understand why this is. Understanding this could
well help us understand some of the biological mechanisms that give rise to
these illnesses, which could then enable the development of better targeted
treatments. Important questions remain, such as whether the sexes tend to have
differences in brain chemistry and how this may relate to brain function.”
“There is evidence that the male brain is more lateral, and divides tasks
between its two hemispheres, whereas the female brain is less likely to
divide tasks between its two hemispheres (McGlone 1980; Ellis et al.
2008, p. 84). This means when a man puts his mind to work, brain
scans (fMRIs) show neurons activated in highly specific areas.”

“When a woman sets her mind to work on a


similar task, brains scans show neurons
activated all over the brain. Whatever
women do, they activate more neurons
in the brain while they do it.”

—Evolution and Gender: Why It


Matters for Contemporary Life by
Rosemary L Hopcroft ,p.116
“This includes language and language skills—women engage both hemispheres during the
processing of some language sounds and during language comprehension (Kansaku et al. 2000).
The fact that women use more parts of their brain for any activity is one of the reasons why
women who have had strokes tend to regain more of their verbal abilities than men do.
If one side of the brain is damaged, the other side continues doing the job. ”

"The more bilateral nature of the female brain


may be because the corpus callosum, the part of
the brain that transfers information between
the right and left hemisphere, is larger on
average in women than in men
(Ellis et al. 2008, p. 60).”

—Evolution and Gender: Why It


Matters for Contemporary Life by
Rosemary L Hopcroft ,p.116
“The larger corpus callosum may foster better connectivity between the
cerebral hemispheres of women, enabling simultaneous use of both
hemispheres at once. ” -Evolution and Gender: Why It Matters for
Contemporary Life by Rosemary L Hopcroft ,p.116
“The hippocampus is a part of the brain structure that is involved in many memory
tasks. After adjusting for total brain size, the hippo- campus is larger in women than in
men. This may be the reason why women tend to have better memories than men, on
average. The amygdala is a small brain structure that plays an important role in
emotional memory and emotional responses.” -Evolution and Gender: Why It Matters
for Contemporary Life by Rosemary L Hopcroft ,p.116-117
“ It is typically larger in males. Evidence suggests that men activate more structures in
a network, including the right amygdala, while women activate fewer structures in a
network, including the left amygdala. Women have better memories for emotional
events than men do, and this may be because of sex differences in functioning of the
amygdala in response to stress. ” -Evolution and Gender: Why It Matters for
Contemporary Life by Rosemary L Hopcroft ,p.116-117
VERBAL SKILLS
“Females have an edge in verbal skills from a very early age. Girls learn to
speak sooner and read earlier than boys do, on average. Girls and women tend
to read more than boys and men. Across cultures and time periods, girls and
women do consistently better on reading tests than boys and men.”
-Evolution and Gender: Why It Matters for Contemporary Life by Rosemary L Hopcroft ,p.117
“Women are more verbally adept. In timed tests, they can think of more
words that start with a certain letter. They can list more synonyms for
works, and come up with names for colors more quickly than men can,
on average. They can memorize letters of the alphabet faster, on average.
Women also tend to be better spellers than men, on average.”
-Evolution and Gender: Why It Matters for Contemporary Life by Rosemary L Hopcroft ,p.117
“They are better writers and more likely to use correct grammar. These
abilities are reflected by SAT scores, where females routinely do better
than males on the writing section. One problem with SAT scores is not all
people take the test, and a larger proportion of girls than boys take it.”
-Evolution and Gender: Why It Matters for Contemporary Life by Rosemary L Hopcroft ,p.117
“This means that likely only the higher-ability boys take the test, so they
should be expected to do better, on average. The fact that girls routinely
do better on the verbal sections of the test means such test results
likely understate the female verbal advantage.”
-Evolution and Gender: Why It Matters for Contemporary Life by Rosemary L Hopcroft ,p.117
“On the other end of the scale, boys are much more likely than girls to
stutter (Ellis et al. 2008, p. 400). There are about three to four times
more male stutterers than female stutterers. Boys are also much
more likely to have reading difficulties such as dyslexia. ”
-Evolution and Gender: Why It Matters for Contemporary Life by Rosemary L Hopcroft ,p.117
BRAIN DEVELOPMENT
LEFT-BRAIN FUNCTIONS RIGHT-BRAIN FUNCTIONS
Analytical thoughts Art awareness
Logics Creativity
Language Imagination
Reasoning Intuition
Science & Math Insight
Writing Skills Music awareness
Numbers Skills 3-D forms
Right-hand control Left-hand control
Myelinates at ages 4 ½-7 or 12 in Faith/ Belief
girls and ages 10-12 in boys. Myelinates at ages 7 and 9
LEFT-BRAIN FUNCTIONS RIGHT-BRAIN FUNCTIONS

The right
hemisphere The left
organizes and hemisphere
myelinates from begins to
about age 4 ½ myelination
through age 7 to 10 about seven in
in girls and through girls and age nine
age 10-12 in boys. in boys.
FEMALES HEARS BETTER THAN MALES
“In the brain centres for language and hearing, women have 11% more neurons than
men”(Brizendine. “The Female Brain” 5) “Females not only hear better, but can discern between a
broader range of emotional tones in the human voice. This is probably because of BABIES! Women
evolved to be nurturers, so hearing & interpreting their infant's cries is kind of an important skill.
And it's a skill we're born with: a study of infants on the day of their birth showed that girls will
respond more to the cries of another baby than boys.” (Brizendine. “The Female Brain” 17)
MALES AND FEMALES SEE DIFFERENTLY
“Men and women really don't see eye to eye, according to a new study. Females are
better at discriminating among colors, researchers say, In color experiments the men and
women tended to ascribe different shades to the same objects. While males excel at
tracking fast-moving objects and discerning detail from a distance.”

(NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC NEWS. “Men and Women Really Do See Things Differently :
Differences may be rooted in hunting, gathering.” BY JAMES OWEN)
https://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2012/09/120907-men-women-see-differently-science-health-vision-sex/
MALES AND FEMALES SEE DIFFERENTLY
“Across most of the visible spectrum males require a slightly longer wavelength
than do females in order to experience the same hue," the team concludes in the
latest issue of the journal Biology of Sex Differences.
(NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC NEWS. “Men and Women Really Do See Things Differently :
Differences may be rooted in hunting, gathering.” BY JAMES OWEN)
https://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2012/09/120907-men-women-see-differently-science-health-vision-sex/
MALES AND FEMALES SEE DIFFERENTLY
“Since longer wavelengths are associated with "warmer" colors, an
orange, for example, may appear redder to a man than to a woman.
Likewise, the grass is almost always greener to women than to men,
to whom verdant objects appear a bit yellower.”
(NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC NEWS. “Men and Women Really Do See Things Differently :
Differences may be rooted in hunting, gathering.” BY JAMES OWEN)
https://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2012/09/120907-men-women-see-differently-science-health-vision-sex/
MALES AND FEMALES SEE DIFFERENTLY
Noting that men in the study showed "significantly greater sensitivity for
fine detail and for rapidly moving stimuli," the researchers write that their
hunter forebears "would have to detect possible predators or prey from afar
and also identify and categorize these objects more easily."
(NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC NEWS. “Men and Women Really Do See Things Differently :
Differences may be rooted in hunting, gathering.” BY JAMES OWEN)
https://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2012/09/120907-men-women-see-differently-science-health-vision-sex/
MALES AND FEMALES SEE DIFFERENTLY
Meanwhile, the vision of female "gatherers" may have become better adapted
recognizing close-at-hand, static objects such as wild berries.John Barbur, professor of
optics and visual science at City University London, noted that females are often "worse
off in terms of absolute chromatic [color] sensitivity than males."
(NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC NEWS. “Men and Women Really Do See Things Differently :
Differences may be rooted in hunting, gathering.” BY JAMES OWEN)
https://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2012/09/120907-men-women-see-differently-science-health-vision-sex/
MALES AND FEMALES SEE DIFFERENTLY
But when it comes to noticing subtle differences among shades of a color, women do tend to
come out on top, as they did in Abramov's experiments, said Barbur, who wasn't part of the new
study."If you're not dealing with the absolute sensitivity for color detection but the way in which
colors are judged—such as the ability to describe a color, or what that color means, and so on,"
he said, "I'd say that females are definitely much better than males."
(NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC NEWS. “Men and Women Really Do See Things Differently :
Differences may be rooted in hunting, gathering.” BY JAMES OWEN)
https://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2012/09/120907-men-women-see-differently-science-health-vision-sex/
MALES AND FEMALES SEE DIFFERENTLY

EYESIGHT: Women’s colour perception and peripheral vision


are better than men’s. Men do better on long distance focus.
These are instilled by God for both childcare
and hunting, respectively.
MALES AND FEMALES SEE DIFFERENTLY
“Men are also more likely to keep their distance sight into old age than women, another
skill more helpful for hunting than for gathering. Age-related loss of far vision occurs
between 35 and 44 for women, on average, and between 45 and 54 for men. Men under 40
also have better ability to detect movements in the visual field than women, another skill
that would have been useful for hunting and defense and not so useful for gathering.”
—Evolution and Gender: Why It Matters for Contemporary Life by Rosemary L Hopcroft ,p.105-106
SENSORY NERVES IN THE SKIN

“ Males have fewer sensory


nerve endings in the skin and
higher peripheral pain
tolerance. This combination of
traits may aid in encouraging
males to be more active and
to be risk takers.”

-RECOVERING BIBLICAL MANHOOD & WOMANHOOD:


A Response to Evangelical Feminism , Edited by JOHN PIPER & WAYNE GRUDEM.
Chapter 16: The Biological Basis for Gender-Specific. Behavior by Gregg Johnson , page 282-284
“Having a keen sense of smell, taste, and color is important in being able to
determine species of plants and roots and tell which are edible and which are
not. Many wild plants and roots look very similar, but some are edible and
some are poisonous. A woman in the environment …who picked the wrong
plants to feed to her family would not have left many descendants.”
-Evolution and Gender: Why It Matters for Contemporary Life by Rosemary L Hopcroft ,p.107
“Women are also less sensitive to household
dirt than men are, and less likely to sneeze. For
women in the … environment who likely spent
time digging for roots and tubers in the ground,
it would have been adaptive not to be sensitive
to dirt, but there would have been little selection
for such a lack of sensitivity in males.”
-Evolution and Gender: Why It Matters for Contemporary

Life by Rosemary L Hopcroft ,p.107


“Women also have adaptations related to their
ancestral roles as gatherers. The chemical
makeup of women’s saliva is different, so
women have a keener sense of taste than men
do. Women also have a keener sense of smell,
and are much less likely than men to be color-
blind. Women are better able to detect subtle
variation in natural colors than men are. ”
-Evolution and Gender: Why It Matters for Contemporary
Life by Rosemary L Hopcroft ,p.107
ORGAN TRANSPLANTS
A number of medical studies have shown
that female to male organ transplants are
more likely to fail than male to male, even
when controlling for body size.
Francesca Puoti et al., “Organ Transplantation and Gender Differences: A
Paradigmatic Example of Intertwining Between Biological and Sociocultural
Determinants,” Biology of Sex Differences 7, no. 35 (July 2016), ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
pmc/articles/PMC4964018/.
The Institute of Medicine at the National Academy of
Sciences published a report in 2001 titled Exploring the
Biological Contributions to Human Health: Does Sex
Matter? The executive summary answered the question in
the affirmative, saying that the explosive growth of
biological information “has made it increasingly apparent
that many normal physiological functions—and, in many
cases, pathological functions—are influenced either directly
or indirectly by sex-based differences in biology.”
-Institute of Medicine, Committee on Understanding the Biology of Sex and Gender Differences, Exploring the Biological
Contributions to Human Health: Does Sex Matter? ed. Theresa M. Wizeman and Mary-Lou Pardue (Washington, D.C.:
National Academies Press, 2001), Executive Summary, 1, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK222287/.”
Because genetics and physiology are among the
influences on an individual’s health, the “incidence
and severity of diseases vary between the sexes.”
The difference between male and female is thus “an
important basic human variable that should be
considered when designing and analyzing studies
in all areas and at all levels of biomedical and
health-related research.”
-Institute of Medicine, Committee on Understanding the Biology of Sex and Gender Differences, Exploring the Biological
Contributions to Human Health: Does Sex Matter? ed. Theresa M. Wizeman and Mary-Lou Pardue (Washington, D.C.:
National Academies Press, 2001), Executive Summary, 3, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK222287/.”
The chapter titles of the report sum up basic truths
about our bodily nature: “Every Cell Has a Sex.” “Sex
Begins in the Womb.” “Sex Affects Behavior and
Perception.” “Sex Affects Health.”

Some of the biological differences between the sexes


that bear on health derive from hormone exposure, but
others come more directly from our genetic material.
-Institute of Medicine, Committee on Understanding the Biology of Sex and Gender Differences, Exploring the Biological
Contributions to Human Health: Does Sex Matter? ed. Theresa M. Wizeman and Mary-Lou Pardue (Washington, D.C.:
National Academies Press, 2001), Executive Summary, 4, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK222287/.”
There are “multiple, ubiquitous differences in the
basic cellular biochemistries of males and females
that can affect an individual’s health. Many of these
differences do not necessarily arise as a result of
differences in the hormonal regime to which males
and females are exposed but are a direct result of
the genetic differences between the two sexes.”
-Institute of Medicine, Committee on Understanding the Biology of Sex and Gender Differences, Exploring the Biological
Contributions to Human Health: Does Sex Matter? ed. Theresa M. Wizeman and Mary-Lou Pardue (Washington, D.C.:
National Academies Press, 2001), Executive Summary, 4, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK222287/.”
“Those who study and practice the principles of right living
will be greatly blessed, both physically and spiritually.
An understanding of the philosophy of health is a safeguard
against many of the evils that are continually increasing.”
-Counsels to Parents, Teachers, and Students, 138.
“Children should be early taught, in simple, easy
lessons, the rudiments of physiology and hygiene. The
work should be begun by the mother in the home and
should be faithfully carried forward in the school.”
-Ellen G. White ,Education, 196.
“As the pupils advance in years, instruction in this
line should be continued until they are qualified to
care for the house they live in.”
-Ellen G. White ,Education, 196.
“They should understand the
importance of guarding against
disease by preserving the vigor of
every organ and should also be
taught how to deal with common
diseases and accidents.”

-Ellen G. White ,Education, 196.


“From the first dawn of reason the
human mind should become intelligent in
regard to the physical structure..”
- Counsels To Parents, Teachers and Students, p.125.2.
“We may behold and admire the work of
God in the natural world, but the human
habitation is the most wonderful.”
- Counsels To Parents, Teachers and Students, p.125.2.
“It is therefore of the highest importance that among the
studies selected for children, physiology occupy an
important place. All children should study it. And then
parents should see to it that practical hygiene is added.”
- Counsels To Parents, Teachers and Students, p.125.2.
“The ministers in our land
need to become acquainted
with the science of
physiology. Then they will
be intelligent in regard to the
laws that govern physical
life, and their bearings upon
the health of mind and soul.”
- Unpublished Testimonies,
January 11, 1897.
“Then they will be able to
speak correctly upon this
subject. In their obedience
to physical laws they are to
hold forth the word of life to
the people, and lead up
higher and still higher in the
work of reform.”
- Unpublished Testimonies,
January 11, 1897.
“So closely is health related to our happiness that we
cannot have the latter without the former. A practical
knowledge of the science of human life is necessary
in order to glorify God in our bodies.”
- Counsels on Health, page 38
“It is therefore of the highest importance,
that among the studies selected for
childhood, physiology should occupy
the first place. How few know anything
about the structure and functions of their
own bodies, and of nature's laws!”
- Counsels on Health, page 38
“The great subject of reform is to be agitated, and the
public mind is to be stirred. Temperance in all things
is to be connected with the message, to turn the
people of God from their idolatry, their gluttony and
their extravagance in dress and other things....”
- Testimonies for the churches, Vol. 3, p.61-62.
A NEGLECT OF ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY
“There is nowhere to be found so great a
cause of physical and moral degeneracy
as a neglect of this important subject.”
- Testimonies for the churches, Vol. 3, p.61-62.
“To become acquainted with the wonderful human organism,
—the bones, muscles, stomach, liver, bowels, heart, and
pores of the skin,—and to understand the dependence of
one organ upon another for the healthful action of all,
is a study in which most mothers take no interest.”
- Testimonies for the churches, Vol. 3, p.136.
“In order to be fitted for
translation, the people of God
must know themselves. They
must understand in regard to their
own physical frames, that they be
able with the Psalmist to exclaim,
‘I will praise thee, for I am fearfully
and wonderfully made.’”
- Testimonies for the churches, Vol. I, p.486.

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