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Passage B
In ancient times the most important examinations were spoken, not written. In the schools
of ancient Greece and Rome, testing usually consisted of saying poetry aloud or giving speeches.
In the European universities of the Middle Ages, students who were working for the
advanced degrees had to discuss questions in their field of study with people who had made a
special study of the subject. This custom exists today as part of the process of testing candidates
for the doctor’s degree.
Generally, however, modern examinations are written. The written examination, where all
students are tested on the same questions, was probably not known until the 19 th century. Perhaps
it came into existence with the great increase in population and the development of modern
industry. A room full of candidates for a state examination, timed exactly by electric clocks and
carefully watched over by managers, resembles a group of workers at an automobile factory.
Certainly, during examinations teachers and students are expected to act like machines.
One type of test is sometimes called an objective test. It is intended to deal with facts, not
personal opinions. To make up an objective test the teacher writes a series of questions, each of
which has only one correct answer. Along with each question the teacher writes the correct answer
and also three statements that look like answers to students who have not learned the material
properly.
1. In the Middle Ages students _____________.
A. took subjective tests B. never wrote exams
C. specialized in one subject only D. were timed by electric clocks
2. Paragraph 3 is mainly about ______________.
A. workers now take exams B. the industry has developed quickly
C. there are only written exams today D. exams are now written and timed
3. The kind of exams where students must select answers are __________.
A. subjective B. spoken C. objective D. written
4. Modern industry must have developed _________.
A. around the 19th century B. in Greece or Rome
C. before the Middle Ages D .machines to take tests and time them
5. It may be concluded that testing ___________.
A. should test only opinions B. should always be written
C. has changed since the Middle Ages D. will never change again
Passage C
At sixteen Ron Mackie might have stayed at school, but the future called to him excitedly.
“Get out of the classroom into a job,” it said, and Ron obeyed. His father, supporting the decision,
found a place for him in a supermarket. “You’re lucky, Ron,” he said. “For every boy with a job
these days, there’s a dozen without.” So Ron joined the working world at twenty pounds a week.
For a year he spent his days filling shelves with tins of food. By the end of that time he was
looking back on his school-days as a time of great variety ( 多 样 性 ) and satisfaction. He
searched for an interest in his work, with little success.
One fine day instead of going to work Ron got a lift on a lorry going south. With nine
pounds in his pocket, a full heart and a great longing for the sea, he set out to make a better way
for himself. That evening, in Bournemouth, he had a sandwich and a drink in a café run by an
elderly man and his wife. Before he had finished the sandwich, the woman had taken him on for
the rest of the summer, at twenty pounds a week, a room upstairs and three meals a day. The ease
and speed of it rather took Ron’s breath away. At quiet times Ron had to check the old man’s
arithmetic in the records of the business.
At the end of the season, he stayed on the coast. He was again surprised how
straightforward it was for a boy of seventeen to make a living. He worked in shops mostly, but
once he took a job in a hotel for three weeks. Late in October he was taken on by the sick manager
of a shoe shop. Ron soon found himself in charge there; he was the only one who could keep the
books.
1. Why did Ron Mackie leave school at sixteen?
A. His father made him leave.
B. He had reached the age when he had to leave.
C. He left because he was worried about the future.
D. He left because he wanted to start work.
2. What did Ron’s father think about his leaving school?
A. He thought his son was doing the right thing.
B. He advised him to stay at school to complete his education.
C. He did not like the idea, but he helped Ron to find work.
D. He knew there was a job for every boy who wanted one.
3. It took about a year for Ron to realize that
A. he worked well because he was interested in the job.
B. his work at the supermarket was dull.
C. being at work was much better than going to school.
D. the store manager wanted to get rid of him.
4. Why did Ron leave the supermarket?
A. He knew he would find work in Bournemouth.
B. He took a job as a lorry driver.
C. He gave up the job because he felt unwell.
D. He wanted to work at the seaside.
5. Ron was able to take over the shoe shop because
A. he got on well with the manager there
B. he knew how to keep the accounts of the business.
C. he had had experience of selling books.
D. he was young and strong.
Passage D
Third World countries often mistakenly decide to permit rapid industrialization. When this
industrialization occurs, many new factories open, and workers get jobs. Unfortunately, many of
these new jobs are not permanent. The leaders of an industry want their factories to be as
productive as possible, and they will do anything to achieve that goal. Whenever they can, they
take advantage of automation, which means that workers are replaced by a more efficient
machine. As a result, a worker trained for a specific factory job becomes unemployed, and the
profits of the factory owners are maximized.
Many experts in Third World economics are concerned about rapid industrialization because
it brings problems as well as progress. Citizens of these countries need jobs that will last, not jobs
that are temporary. In the opinion of these economists, the leaders of Third World Countries
should be aware of the dangers as well as the advantages of rapid industrialization.
1. The rapid industrialization in Third World Countries would lead to __________.
A. more progress to the state B. more profits to the factory owners
C. more problems to the government D. all of the above
2. Of the following four points, which one do leaders of an industry consider first?
A. More opportunities for workers B. Highest productivity.
C. Rapid development in all the fields D. Better pay for the workers.
3. According to the passage, automation could lead to _______________.
A. more jobs and therefore more pay
B. fewer machines and therefore more workers
C. more machines and therefore more workers
D. fewer workers and therefore more progress
4. The author’s intention of writing the passage is to ____________.
A. tell us an interesting story
B. reveal a fact
C. give a warning to some Third World Countries
D. tell us the disadvantage of automation
5. The word “last” in “Citizens of the countries need jobs that will last” means ________.
A. go on B. follow all the rest C. become late D. be most recent
11、Do you have any ______ about what living beings on other planets would be like?
A. ideal B. comprehension C. notion D. intelligence
12、 He was totally ______ by what the liar said just now.
A. taken out B. taken in C. taken away D. taken up
13、John told Mary about her husband’s car accident in a ______ of distinct regret.
A. tone B. tune C. word D. voice
14 、 Even ______ what she said about his personal life is true, it is irrelevant to his
qualifications as a software engineer.
A. knowing B. assuming C. recognizing D. acknowledging
15、 The decision to quit school at that young age is, ______, the most stupid thing I have
ever done.
A. at times B. at first sight C. in retrospect D. by comparison
16、 The two countries began to discuss their ______ relations.
A. tension B. tense C. nervous D. intensive
17、 A smart idea ______ to her.
A. conferred B. recurred C. offered D. occurred
18、 Few children can ______ the temptation of candy.
A. refuse B. resist C. deny D. decline
19、What was the critic’s ______ to the book?
A. reaction B. opinion C. comment D. impression
20、My curiosity was fully ______ by that legend.
A. raised B. aroused C. arisen D. risen
21、The director was ______ of the way we are doing the work.
A. sympathetic B. critical C. doubted D. curious
22、Make sure the label is firmly attached ______ the parcel before you mail it.
A. to B. with C. for D. of
23、I’ve had ______ problems with this computer ever since I borrowed it from a friend.
A. continuous B. constant C. continual D. consecutive
24、I always ______ the conviction that intelligence plus diligence can lead to success.
A. see to B. lead to C. hold to D. get to
25、The ages of children in the Hope Primary School ______ from 7 to 16.
A. separated B. ranged C. altered D. differed
26 、 The bearded young man didn’t dare to walk out of the house ______ he should be
recognized.
A. lest B. unless C. fear that D. in order that
27、If the French team wins, it will ______ for a place in the finals
A. fit B. match C. qualified D. qualify
28、Through the ages the land emerged and re-submerged ______, and consequently many
different rock types formed.
A. again B. repeatedly C. simultaneously D. instantly
29、Some of the students requested that the trip ______.
A. postponed B. be postponed C. postpone D. should postpone
30、I like to go to the cinema when I am in the ______ for it.
A. motive B. mind C. mood D. notion